Parts of the Football

Stadium
When you’re talking about football, it’s important to know the different
parts of the stadium and the pitch. Here they are:

Rules in Football
But what about the actual game itself?
We sometimes want to be able to describe what happened in the
match, right?
Football, like most sports, has a lot of rules and procedures. Some of
these might be the same in your language, but do you know how to
use them well in a sentence in English?

The Different Stages of the Match

First half / Second half
The match is divided into two parts, logically named the first half and
the second half.
But when do we talk about it?
Well, we often talk about how many goals are scored in which half:
“What a match! Scotland scored four goals in the
first half!”
Or if you’ve just walked into a room where people are watching the
football, you might have a conversation like this:

Half-time
It’s break time!
All the players go to the locker room, and the manager shouts at them
for 15 minutes.
Meanwhile on TV, older ex-footballers sit around a table and talk about
the match.
Like with “first half” and “second half,” we usually describe half-time
as a time phrase.
“What was the score at half-time?”
“No! It’s half-time already?”
Full-time
If half-time is the end of the first half, then full-time is the end of the
whole match. When the ref blows the whistle to mark full time,
the crowd goes wild.

By the way, full-time only happens when someone’s won the match. If
there’s extra time or even a penalty shootout (see below), then the ref
doesn’t mark full time until then.

Injury time
If a player has been injured or hurt (or has been pretending to be
injured or hurt) during the match, injury time is added to the match.
We can also say that the match has gone into extra time.

Extra time
Sometimes you’ll have a match with NO GOALS.
What? Why?
Fortunately, during the World Cup and other big tournaments, this
doesn’t happen.
So if no one’s scored by the end of the second half (or if it’s a draw),
then the match goes into extra time, meaning the players keep
playing, usually for another 30 minutes.

How the Game Starts

The coin toss
The beginning of the game!
The teams choose “heads” or “tails,” and the ref tosses a coin.
Whoever’s right wins the coin toss.

But here’s the strange thing: the team that LOSES the coin toss is the
one that starts the match.
The team that wins the coin toss decides which direction they want to
play in for the first half.
If the game goes into extra time, then there’s another coin toss.

Kick-off
It’s the real beginning of the game! The bit when the ball is kicked for
the first time!
We usually talk about the kick-off when we want to know what time
the match starts.
We can use kick-off as a verb:
“Big match tomorrow.”
“Yeah — I’ve got to work late, though. What time
does it kick off?”
Or a noun:
“Kick-off’s at 7, so let’s meet at about 6, yeah?”
WhatHappens When the Rules Are
Broken
Foul
Simply put, a foul is when a player breaks the rules.
This is usually related to how they try to take the ball off the other
players.
Sometimes it could involve pulling another player’s shirt. Sometimes
it’s an aggressive tackle. Sometimes it’s even tripping up another
player.
How to use this word?
Well, we can just point out that it happened:
“Hey! That was a foul!”
Or we can use say that the player committed a foul.

Free-kick
If the ref decides a player’s committed a foul, then he’ll award a
free-kick to the other team.
That means they get to try to kick the ball into the goal from the
penalty area with the other team trying to block it.

Penalty kick
If the ref awards a penalty kick (or often just a “penalty”), then the
situation is basically the same as a free-kick, except that the only
player between the ball and the goal is the goalie.

Penalty shoot-out
It’s the end of the second half — no one’s in the lead.
So we go into extra time.
Now it’s the end of extra time — no one’s in the lead.
So what happens now?
That’s when the match goes into a penalty shoot-out.
We all know about the penalty shoot-out.
Penalty shoot-outs are fun. They’re so intense that we all forget our
own names for a few minutes.

Yellow card
We all know what this means, right?
It’s the warning card.
When a player gets a yellow card (or if the ref gives a player a
yellow card), then that’s a warning, and the player’s then more likely
to get a red card.
When a player gets a yellow card, we can say that he’s been
cautioned.
This is usually when the player starts shouting at the ref and
protesting his innocence. Usually very unconvincingly.

Red card
When a player gets a red card (or if the ref gives a player a red
card), then that’s it. The player is sent off the pitch, and the team can
only play with 10 people.

Offside
No one knows what “offside” means.
Just kidding — the offside rule is actually pretty easy to explain.
If a player passes the ball to another player who’s behind the player on the other team
who’s closest to the goal that they’re trying to get the ball into, then the guy receiving
the ball is offside. Got it? OK, it wasn’t that easy to explain. So here’s a diagram:
Own goal
We all make mistakes, right?
Well, this one’s a pretty bad one.
We usually use the verb “to score” with this one.
Here’s a gif of some guy scoring an own goal. Vedere su you tube alcuni filmati di
autogoal