MIDTERM REVIEWER FOR HISTORY

THREE ACCOUNTS (Kartilya ng Katipunan):

• Pio Valenzuela – Emissary of Andres Bonifacio and

• K.K.K – founded in July 7, 1982.
Jose Rizal.

• Reform Movement – composed of Middle Class that

• Tips of Rizal for Revolution:
is based in Europe.
➢ Weapons
• Goals of Reform Movement:
➢ Support of Middle Class
➢ Antonio Luna’s consent
➢ Assimilation of Philippines as province of
Spain.
➢ Equality before the law.
➢ Reforms in Education. • Pugad Lawin , Aug. 23, 1896 (Kangkong, House of
➢ Secularization. Apolonio Samson) – date and location of the first cry
➢ Human Rights according to Pio Valenzuela.
➢ Restoration of the representation of the
Philippines in the Spanish Cortes.
➢ Economic Development
• Santiago Alvarez

• August 24, 1896, Bahay Toro – date and location of

• Kartilya ng Katipunan – created by Emilio Jacinto the first cry according to Santiago Alvarez.

• People who pay Taxes – Filipino, Chinese Mestizos • Resolution in the Meeting:
and Full-Blooded Chinese.
➢ Start August 29 or earlier
• Malaria – cause of death of Emilio Jacinto. ➢ Objective is immediate capture of Manila.

• August 19, 1896 – Spanish government found out

about KKK.
• Teodoro Patino and Apolonio Dela Cruz – worked
for Diario de Manila.
• Honoria – a nun, sister of Teodorio Patino.
• Guillermo Masangkay
• August 26, 1896 at Balintawak (House of Apolonio
Samson) – date and location of the first cry according
to Guillermo Masangkay.

• Sor Teresa – mother superior in the convent.

• August 30, 1896 – Gov. Gen. Ramon Blanco

proclaimed Martial Law to 8 Cities (Manila, Cavite,
Laguna, Batangas, Bulacan, Pampanga, Nueva Ecija
and Bataan)
 TEJEROS ASSEMBLY
• REASONS WHY CAVITE’S WIN WAS SHORT-
LIVED:
➢ They themselves were divided (fighting over
land and logistics)
➢ Spanish authorities shifted focus from Manila
to Cavite.
• Magdalo – wants to create another government to
replace KKK. Headed by Baldomero Aguinaldo at
Cavite el Viejo (Kawit, Cavite)
• Magdiwang – wants to retain KKK. Headed by
Mariano Alvarez at Noveleta.
• December 31, 1896 – Imus assembly happened.
• MAIN REASONS WHY TEJEROS ASSEMBLY
HAPPENED:
➢ To fix dispute (Magdalo and Magdiwang)
➢ Establish leadership of Cavite
➢ Plan how to defend Cavite.
• March 22, 1897 – Tejeros Assembly happened at
Frias Estate.
• ARTEMIO RECARTE’S ACCOUNT
• Jacinto Lumbreras – acted as president during the
first session of Tejeros Assembly.
• Severino Delas Alas – suggested talking about the
government that they have.
• Antonio Montenegro – said that if there is no clear
government, what’s their difference between rebels.
• Andres Bonifacio – acted as president during the
second session of Tejero’s Assembly.
• Daniel Tirona – protested Bonifacio’s election as
Director of Interior.
• ANDRES BONIFACIO’S ACCOUNT – he said that
there’s a conspiracy that Katipunero’s from Imus does
not want a leader from other province and that’s the
reason why Emilio Aguinaldo won the elections.
• SANTIAGO ALVAREZ’S ACCOUNT – he said that
there’s an election cheating according to Diego
Mojica that papers are already filled up prior to the
election.
• March 23, 1896 – proclamation of election winners at
Tanza, Cavite (Oath of the Office). Everyone came
except Bonifacio.
• Acta de Tejeros – authored by Andres Bonifacio. It
contains the reasons why people did not accept the
results of the election.
• Naic, Cavite – Naic Military Agreement was made.
• Naic Military Agreement – it states that they are an
independent government and rejects Tejeros
Assembly.
• Indang, Cavite – place where Andres Bonifacio and
Procorpio Bonifacio was abducted.
• Treason and Sedition – cased filed to Andres and
Procorpio Bonifacio.
• April 29 to May 4 – trial of Bonifacio brothers.
• Mariano Noriel and Pio Del Pilar – persuaded
Aguinaldo to bring back death penalty.
• May 10, 1897 – execution of Bonifacio Brothers at Mt.
Tala at Lazaro Macapagal.
• Malolos Republic – First recognized republic.
• Biak na Bato Constitution – copied from Cuban
Constitution of Jimaguayu.
• Felix Ferrer and Isabelo Artacho – authored Biak na
Bato Constitution. Considered plagiarist.
• Pedro Paterno – negotiator of Spain and Philippines.
• Pact of Biak Na Bato Agreements:
➢ 800k – receivables by the revolutionaries.
(three times to pay)
o 1st – 400,000php. If leaders will self-
exile at Hong Kong.
o 2nd – 200,000php. If 700 weapons will
be surrendered.
o 3rd – 200,000php. If general amnesty
is given.
• REASON WHY MABINI WANTED TO CHANGE THE
DICTATORIAL GOVERNMENT
➢ You cannot make a country recognized by
international community if it is dictatorial
government.
• August 1898 – Mock battle of Manila.
• December 10, 1898 – Treaty of Paris was signed.

➢ 900k – will be given separately to infected

civilians.

• April 1898 – start of American Spanish War.

• Monroe Doctrine – a U.S. foreign policy that no

European countries can’t interfere to their land.

• Emilio Aguinaldo – (AGUINALDO’S FLIGHTS) Hong

Kong to Saigon (Vietnam) to Singapore then back to
Hong Kong.

• Spencer Pratt – talked to Aguinaldo in American

Consul at Singapore to persuade Aguinaldo to go in
the side of US.

• Rounsevelle Wildman – talked to Aguinaldo in

American Consul at Hong Kong to persuade Aguinaldo
to go in the side of US and declare dictatorial
government.

• May 1, 1898 – Battle of Manila Bay

• May 19, 1898 – Aguinaldo arrived in the Philippines

and renewed the struggle independence.

• REASONS WHY AMERICANS WERE CALM

DURING BATTLE OF MANILA BAY:

➢ Waiting for reinforcements

➢ To secure their rule over Philippines.

• June 12, 1898 – Aguinaldo declared Independence of

the Philippines.

• Apolinario Mabini – opposed the declaration of

Independence because the country is not yet fully free
and they can declare independence anytime.