QUESTION 1 The words in column 2 have been created from the corresponding

words in column 1. Indicate the word formation process responsible

for the creation of each word in column 2.
Ex. loud + speaker  loudspeaker compounding
Column 1 Column 2 Word formation process
1. automation (n)  automate (v) ………………………..
2. humid (adj)  humidifier (n) ………………………..
3. love + seat  loveseat ………………………..
4. typographical error  typo ………………………..
5. aerobics + marathon  aerobathon ………………………..
6. act  deactivate ………………………..
7. random access memory  RAM ………………………..
8. saw (n)  saw (v) ………………………..
9. teleprinter exchange  telex ………………………..
10. (call of a rooster, usually in the cock-a-doodle-doo ………………………..
morning)

QUESTION 2 Draw word-structure trees for the following words.

1. counter-declaration 2. inflammations

3. malconstructions 4. opposition

5. reactionary 6. organization
 QUESTION 3 Read the text below and use the word given in capitals at the end of each
line to form a word that fits in the space on the same line.
HOW MUCH ARE YOU WORTH?
An important factor to take into (1)_____ CONSIDER
is how socially useful a person's work is, (2)_____of the REGARD
talents he or she may bring to it. It is (3)_____accepted that GENERAL
looking after the sick or taking (4)_____for the education of the RESPONSIBLE
young is a more (5)_____occupation than, say, selling second-hand VALUE
cars. Yet used-car (6)_____undoubtedly earn more than the SELL
nurses or teachers. But what about job (7)_____? People who SATISFY
enjoy their jobs, the (8)_____goes, get their reward in the form of ARGUE
a 'psychic wage', and that it is the people with the (9)_____jobs who REPEAT
need more money. Whatever the truth, jobs which are traditionally
thought of as 'vocations' continue to be (10)_____badly paid, while RELATE
other jobs, such as those in the world of entertainment, carry financial
rewards out of all proportion to their social worth.

QUESTION 4 Label the phrasal category of each underlined phrase. Then name its
function.
Example: He gave the dog a hesitant, reassuring pat. Answer: NP [iO]
1. Using language is a very complex enterprise. Moreover, there is .................................
more to communication than merely putting sentences together.
2. He spoke frankly about the ordeal. .................................
3. I don't think he's equipped for the modern age, quite frankly. .................................
4. You could hardly call the show perfect, but it was successful. .................................
5. The day seemed perfect for a picnic. .................................
6. What made you go down to the beach so late last night? .................................
7. He found the book amazing, so he finished it in one day. .................................
8. My students took the test yesterday. .................................
9. I have no idea how to work these new phones. .................................
10. The people are full of hope for the future. .................................
11. She dipped the brush lightly in the varnish. .................................
12. Most of the lunar near side must be blanketed in such dust. .................................
13. The country depends heavily on its tourist trade. .................................
14. The captain sounds an absolute tyrant. .................................
15. Martha wrote ten letters to the White House. .................................

QUESTION 5 Provide tree diagrams (phrase markers) for the following NPs. (One of
them is ambiguous.)

1. Yellow roses in winter 2. The love of a child

3. The success of the program 4. A poem about nature

5. A film about air pollution in big cities 6. The book with the blue cover

7. Some very old cars 8. Six plants in the shop

9. All the cars and both the students 10. An old building’s fence

11. A park’s six tall tress 12. The rather dreadful holiday
 QUESTION 7 Structural ambiguities

- Find two interpretations of this sentence.

- For each interpretation, draw a tree diagram and give an unambiguous paraphrase.
a. Betty hit the boy with the saxophone. b. Betty hit the boy with the saxophone.

c. The organizers invited a violinist form Japan. d. The organizers invited a violinist form Japan.

e. My uncle washed the car in the garage. f. My uncle washed the car in the garage.
 g. Everybody preferred the book without h. Everybody preferred the book without
illustrations. illustrations.

i. Leo was watching the girl from the café. j. Leo was watching the girl from the café.

QUESTION 6 Identify the verb type in each sentence. Then give tree diagrams for the
following sentences.

DITRANSITIVE VERBS COMPLEX VERBS

Prescribe/ promise/ take/ teach/ tell/ throw/ win/ Appoint/color/decorate/designate/
wish/ write/give/send/…
1. The doctor prescribed me a new medicine.
2. Santa promised a little girl a wonderful
Christmas gift.
3. Mike baked a cake for everyone.
4. Laura saved a place for Matha.
make/ name/
paint/found/put/…
1. The committee appointed my boss the new team leader.
2. My two toddlers colored the walls neon green.
3. The President designated the fourth Thursday in
November Thanksgiving.
4. Parking in New York City drives me crazy!
5. The collapse of the economy made him unfathomably
sad.
6. We are painting the roses red.