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1 Z S C0 0 0 5 6 3 - AC S E N , R E V. A 2 01 9 - 0 6 - 2 5

Test adapter
Technical guide
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Original instruction
The information provided in this document is intended to be general
and does not cover all possible applications. Any specific application
not covered should be referred directly to ABB, or its
authorized representative.

We reserve the right to make technical changes or modify the contents

of this document without prior notice. With regard to purchase orders,
the agreed particulars shall prevail. ABB does not accept any
responsibility whatsoever for potential errors or possible lack of
information in this document.

We reserve all rights in this document and in the subject matter and
illustrations contained therein. Any reproduction, disclosure to third
parties or utilization of its contents – in whole or in parts – is forbidden
without prior written consent of ABB.
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Table of contents

Design 5
Overview 5
Test tap 5
Usage 6
Grounding 6
About usage with shunt reactors 6
About usage with GIS switchgear 6
Voltage tap 6
Description and limitations of the tap 7
Overview 7
Circuit diagram 7
Dimensions 8
Test adapter, 2769522-C 8
Test adapter, 1ZSC003881-AAC 8
Ordering particulars 9
 TEST ADAPTER TECHNIC A L GUIDE 5

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Design

Overview
The test adapter from ABB Components can
permanently connect the tap on the bushing to
measuring equipment, for monitoring of the
bushing during service.
All transformer bushings and some wall bushings
that are manufactured by ABB Components, are
capacitance-graded bushings that are equipped
with a voltage tap or test tap.
With the test adapter, the tap can also be used as
a power source or for the measurement of
voltage. The test adapter limits the amount of
power that can be passed through the tap,
despite a higher capacity of the tap, refer to
"Description and limitations of the tap" on page
7. The quality of the output is limited by the
temperature dependence of the main insulation,
and the fluctuations in the network.

The tap is connected to a conductive layer in the Test tap

condenser core, this makes it possible to measure The test tap divides the total capacitance of the
the capacitance and dissipation factor of an bushing in two sub-capacitances:
installed bushing. This can be done during service C1 (central conductor – test‑tap layer) and
if the test adapter is installed on the tap. C2 (test‑tap layer – grounded flange).

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01 Test tap. 1
A B

10
5
11

A No test adapter
installed
9
B Test adapter installed C2
1 Test tap layer
8 C1
5 Test tap
6 Cover
8 Condenser core
9 Central conductor
10 Test adapter
11 Measuring equipment
(customer supplied)
C1 Capacitance between:
central conductor -
test tap layer.
C2 Capacitance between:
test tap layer -
grounded flange.*

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* The installation wall, transformer tank or reactor contributes to the capacitance C2.
6 TEST ADAPTER TECHNIC A L GUIDE

Voltage tap Usage

The voltage tap divides the total capacitance of
the bushing in two sub‑capacitances:
C1 (central conductor – voltage‑tap layer) and
C2 (voltage‑tap layer – grounded layer).
Use the test adapter only as described in this
installation and maintenance guide, and obey the
limitations of the test adapter. Refer to
"Description and limitations of the tap" on page
7.

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02 Voltage tap. A B
1
2

10
4
11

A No test adapter
installed
9
B Test adapter installed 8 C2
C1
1 Voltage tap layer
2 Grounded layer
4 Voltage tap
6 Cover
8 Condenser core
Grounding About usage with gas insulated switchgear (GIS)
9 Central conductor
The tap is not self grounding, and must always be It is not recommended to use the test adapter
10 Test adapter
11 Measuring equipment grounded or connected to an external impedance. with GIS, because switching operations will
(customer supplied) Because C2 usually is relatively small, the test tap produce voltage transients that can cause
C1 Capacitance between: must never be open-circuited when the bushing problems. When used with GIS, disconnecters and
central conductor -
voltage tap layer. is energized. grounding switches can produce strong voltage
C2 Capacitance between: transients. These voltage transients are very fast
voltage tap layer - If the tap is not grounded when the bushing is transients (VFT), and because of this the
grounded layer.*
energized, failure of the bushing will occur. impedance of the cable connected to the tap
can cause problems.
About usage with shunt reactors
It is not recommended to use the test adapter Exceptions can be made if a study is done on the
with shunt reactors. Because there is a 90° phase actual switchgear station. But this study is
offset between current and voltage, the voltage complicated and expensive, thus it is generally
will be at maximum when the current is at zero. not recommended.
Thus, switching at current zero will produce a
large amount of voltage transients with high
amplitude, because of this the impedance of the
cable connected to the tap can cause problems.
This effect is strengthened if the shunt-reactor
switchgear is located near the bushing.

Exceptions can be made if a study is done on the

actual switchgear station. But this study is
complicated and expensive, thus it is generally
not recommended.

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* The installation wall, transformer tank or reactor contributes to the capacitance C2.
 TEST ADAPTER TECHNIC A L GUIDE 7

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Description and limitations of the tap
Overview
The values of impedance for the main insulation The test adapter limits the amount of power that
and the tap are unique to every bushing. can be passed through the tap, despite a higher
Refer to the rating. capacity of the tap.

The value of the capacitance  C2 depends on the

design of the bushing and on its installation, and
can thus vary more or less. The capacitance C2
should be measured after installation of the
bushing, to get an accurate value.

Circuit diagram
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03 Connection diagram.

Connected circuit*
C1 U1

Bushing
capacitive tap
C2 U2 Z

Test adapter

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Table 1. Limitations of the connected circuit

Limitations of the connected circuit

At service voltage: 110 V
Maximum allowed voltage, U2: At lightning impulse: 200 V

ωL = 100 mΩ
Maximum inductive and/or resistive loads, Z: R = 100 mΩ

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Table 2. Units

Unit Definition
Capacitance 1 in condenser core, [F]
C1 Refer to the test report for the bushing
Capacitance 2 in condenser core, [F]
Refer to the test report for the bushing when it was installed
C2 on the transformer.
U2 Tap voltage, [V]
U2max The maximum service voltage, [V]
U1 Voltage between outer terminal and earth, [V]
R Resistance, [Ω]
Z Impedance, [Ω]
ω Angular velocity for AC voltage [rad/s]
L Inductance, [H]
ωL Inductive reactance, [Ω]
Z Inductive and/or resistive loads , [Ω]
8 TEST ADAPTER TECHNIC A L GUIDE

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Dimensions
Test adapter, 1ZSC003881-AAC
199

PG 16

Ø 49
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04 Test adapter, 1ZSC003881-AAC.

Test adapter, 2769522-C

Ø 36

PG 22.5

Ø 80

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Ø 67
05 Test adapter, 2769522-C.
 TEST ADAPTER TECHNIC A L GUIDE 9

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Ordering particulars

When ordering, please state:

• Type and catalogue number of the bushing.
• Tests required, in addition to the routine tests.
—
ABB AB, Components
SE-771 80 Ludvika
Sweden
E-mail: sales@se.abb.com

www.abb.com/electricalcomponents

1ZSC000563-ACS en, Rev. A

© Copyright 2019 ABB. All rights reserved.

Specifications subject to change without notice.