POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES 1

TRAINING ADEQUACY AND ACADEMIC PREPARATION OF

GRADE 12 SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS
PURSUING COLLEGE DEGREE: A NARRATIVE EXPERIENCE

Researchers

Eboses, Nepfiel

Erbito, Jaslyn

Montojo, Lex Locci V.

Onato, Ricky Julian O.

Saylon, Shymrock D.

Submitted to

Prof. Sheryl R Morales

Research Adviser

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CHAPTER 1

THE PROBLEM AND ITS SETTING

Introduction

In this study the researchers aims to see the preparedness and how the

grade 12 students adequately trained to pursue their college degree. Senior High

School curriculum helps to improve and to have background knowledge in their

incoming tertiary (college) education. This curriculum helps to develop the students’

skills and prepared their self. According to Education Secretary Leonor M. Briones

the CGP will help them to decide what SHS track will they going to choose. Each

Student must have a one track that they will master and this track will be based on

how they will advance their study after completing grade 12. According to her this

curriculum will have four major tracks: Academic, Technical-Vocational Livelihood,

Sports and Arts and Design. The Academic Track the students who will pursue the

college education. It has four strands: ABM (Accountancy Business Management),

STEM (Science, Technology Engineering and Mathematics), GAS (General

Academic Strand) and HUMSS (Humanities and Social Science). The rest of the

tracks (Technical Vocational Livelihood, Sports, and Arts and Design) are tracks that

the students equip to be skilled to connect to the field they want.

Therefore, this study would like to focus to the preparation and adequate

training of Senior High School students, and how they will inspire to pursue college

education.

Statement of the Problem

This study focuses in how the Senior High School students will inspire to

pursue college by the preparation and adequate training that they are having right

now.

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Theoretical Perspective

According to the symbolic interactionism theory, the students were affected

by the expectations of their teachers. In 1968, Robert Rosenthal and Lenore

Jacobson conducted a landmark study for this approach. The research find out that

students have their IQ’s become higher. The researches have proven that the higher

the expectation of a teacher to the performance or growth of students, the higher the

possibility of the student’s IQ to be raised.

Scope and Limitation of the Studying

The general purpose of this study is to know how the students improved by

the decongestion curriculum. The locale of the study is the Polytechnic University of

the Philippines – Quezon City. The numbers of respondents are fifteen (15) per

strand (GAS, HUMMS and ABM). The time that will be spent on the study will be four

(4) weeks (as of February 2018).

Significance of the Study

The benefit of this study is to inform the students how effective the K- 12

Curriculum. The study will be helpful as a tool for the research of the academic

community. This will produce facts and this would be a reliable source.

CHAPTER 2

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REVIEW OF LITERATURE AND STUDIES

SHS Tracks Offer Career Paths to Students

This research provided rich insight to the preparation and adequate

training of Senior High School to pursue College degree. There are conclusions were

made. Students can focus more on courses relevant to their degree programs. The

SHS curriculum has been integrated with some subjects in the College General

Education curriculum. Senior high School program can optimize their facilities and

teaching resources.

Senior High School program will help the students to gain their knowledge.

They can show and maximize their skills to choose their best degree.

All of this is important to promote our education. We should ask ourselves what I

want to do after high school graduation. (SHS) Senior High School helps lead

students toward their career path. Education is our life. The (DepEd) is hiring more

than 36,000 teachers out of the 47,000 who applied to teach in SHS. Receiving

diploma is their greatest achievement and their first step to become a professional in

the future and be a model in our country.

Also this will bring a higher rate of employment at the community and

poor people will be lessened. In the mere future, the country will have a lot of highest

college degree and high quality learner’s. This can also bring your life in better.

Guiding Our Senior High-School Students on their Career Path

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This research provided rich insight to the preparation and adequate

training of Senior High School to pursue College degree. Five key conclusions were

made. Senior High School has a right to choose their preferred tracks. There are four

major tracks that they can Choose (academic, technical-vocational livelihood, sports

and arts and design).

The Academic track will help the students to be prepared for

those who plan to pursue College degree, it has four strands: ABM (Accountancy

Business Management), STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and

Mathematical), HUMSS (Humanities of Social Science) and GAS (General Academic

Strand). The rest of three strands will need students who have skill to overcome the

field they want. Senior high School program helps to be prepared in College. Senior

High School program will help the students to maximize their talents they will be

trained adequately to pursue their College degree.

CGP (Career Guidance Program) will help the students to choose

for the one track that they will master to advance their knowledge. One of the

activities of CGP is the discussion of the Career Advocacy Manual that contains

three modules that will lead the teachers in their homeroom guidance class.

Module 1: “Embarking on a Journey of Self-Discovery” is about the learners’

discovery of who they are in terms of likes, values, skills and interests.

Module 2: “Examining the Destinations” informs the learner of the possible resources

they may use in realizing their dreams through the different SHS tracks.

Module 3: “Charting Your Own Course” focuses on improving the decision-making

skills of the learners and integrates their self-awareness in choosing the SHS track

that suits them. (Wynxzylden Malabag Villena, 2017).

The educators and parents are hopefully that the country future students will able to

maximize the skill and knowledge by the K-12 program.

Senior High School Curriculum in the Philippines

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This research provided rich insight to the preparation and adequate

training of Senior High School to pursue College degree. Key conclusions were

made. This is intended for Senior High School Students to prepare for entering

college. The Senior High School curriculum has now connection to college

curriculum. The senior SHS curriculum is an entry point to college/university life or

business and industry.

Now that the Philippines have implemented the SHS curriculum, this

now could help the students’ learning. They can now maximize and push their limits

of their tracks by their chosen career. In the different tracks by the different

curriculum of every country given by the literature, both academic and tech-voc track

are big deal through the statements.

Laddered Skills Training can now start in Senior High School

It gives learning’s, idea and to SHS to pursue the following conclusion

this study tells that senior high school (SHS) aims to give training or advance

learning sa that this training will help more to educate students or senior high school.

This study shows that it will help them more in practical learning about entrepreneur

courses. Entrepreneur courses help for SHS students to give more potential for

students to share their talents.

This study give some example to how the students pursue their dream

and this study an idea that your talents it will help to your study and for your study in

college of what course that you want that’s your talents help you. The K to 12 basic

education curriculums prepares students for work as early as Grade 7. It is the

nature of the child to absorb technical skills training as early as the intermediate

elementary school, leading to more commercially oriented activities in high school.

Means in junior high you have a skill that can help you for SHS.

Why Does the Philippines Need the K-12 Education System?

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Our current education system hinders us from becoming even more

competitive. Starting in the 2012-2013 school year, the education system of the

Philippines was enhanced from the ten years of basic education to a 12-year

program through an initiative called the K-12 Education. The implementation of the

K-12 plan in the Philippine Basic Education Curriculum is the key to our nation’s

development.

Though the government faces many problems as it implements the

program over the course of several years, it is a necessary improvement since

increasing the quality of our education is critical to our nation's success. Filipino

people must be competitive with their educational attainment to become and have a

higher achievement. To enhance the basic education system, Senior High School

(SHS) is the solution.

Synthesis of Reviewed Literature and Studies

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Senior High School was has been now implemented to the

Philippines. This implementation added additional 2 years in the system of education

in the Philippines. There’s this difference curriculum between this three countries.

This implementation helps of what’s ahead in the college curriculum. In this program

of SHS in the Philippines, the difference between the programs is other Senior High

school programs such as Japan and USA does not have a distinct course for other

fields. Sports, arts, and design, are integrated into the academic and tech-voc.

strands usually as an elective.

Senior High school Implementation needs intense focus by the

Government. Students are so lucky that they will experience quality education that

the former students never had. They are also lucky that the governments never even

stop to fix the situation for the Filipino learners. Having the government’s full help

gives honour to the good actions of the government. Even though the congestion is

still a problem that is hanged up, it is not a hindrance for students to get their dream

to become a professional someday.

Senior High School program sees for your future. It will help you to

pursue your dreams. This program will also give you an advantages and benefits

with your college life. It will give you light until you have chosen your college degree.

Getting Fun and your discovery ahead of you and, if you keep putting the effort, the

promise of a successful career in the field, with your choosing afterwards. Keep up

your best, your studies, have fun, and most importantly, never stop learning. Your

efforts will serve as a means to adequate yourself in pursuing college degree more

responsibilities that will look best for you.

Senior high school program this program helps you to continue your

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dream even though you are allege undergraduate .even if you are college

undergraduate you can get a good job because you have a particularly laddered

skills and knowledge through the help of senior high school program (SHS) .this

program will help you get much better because you could show off you talent and

knowledge about particular things. But if will be better if you are graduated of 4 years

courses in college because if you graduated of 4 years you get a better job in future.

Senior High School program will help SHS students to be more

prepared in College life. This program gave them insight to pursue College degree. It

help SHS students to decide what career path to choose and where tracks are they

interested or going to master. This will help us in our study to have more knowledge

in SHS program and what are their goals. It gives us hint if the training they are

taking is adequate to pursue their college degree. This will answer us if SHS

program will help students to be prepared in college.

With our efforts and helping ourselves to study more we will graduate

with gaining our academics and specializations. We can reduce poor people and we

can also help them gaining their dreams.

References:

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Sarmiento, Danilo H. 1 Orale, Ronald L. (2016)

Senior High School Curriculum in the Philippines, USA, and Japan.

Retrieved from

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/318494693_Senior_High_School_Curriculu

m_in_the_Philippines_USA_and_Japan

Abueva, Cianeko (2015 )

Why Does the Philippines Need the K-12 Education System?

Retrieved from

https://soapboxie.com/social-issues/The-Implementation-o-the-K-12-Program-in-the-

Philippine-Basic-Education-Curriculum

Chelo, Banal-Formoso (2016)

SHS tracks offer career paths to students, journalist from news media. Retrieved

from

http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/782629/shs-tracks-offer-career-paths-to-

students#ixzz55o431pLJ

Soliven, Preciosa S. (2015)

Ladderized skills training can now start in senior high school, Retrieved from

http://www.philstar.com/education-and-home/2015/08/06/1485040/ladderized-skills-

training-can-now-start-senior-high-school

Villena, Wynxzylden Malabag (2017)

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Guiding our senior high-school students on their career path, BusinessMirror.

Retrieved from

https://businessmirror.com.ph/guiding-our-senior-high-school-students-on-their-

career-path/

CHAPTER 3
METHODOLOGY

Research Design
The study used ethnography and narrative research since it considers
replies of the informants that rely on recorded spoken words or typewritten
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social media message. The study focused on the experiences of the

informants through their years of Senior High School Education. Also, an
ethnography research is considered “immersion of researchers to their
informants” because it was not only relying on the response from interviews it
also uses observations of the researchers to their informants’ environment
(MeasuringU, 2018). Likewise, narrative research is also considered “one’s
stories illustrate others’ stories” because it weaves together experiences or
stories to form a cohesive narrative (MeasuringU, 2018).

Tradition of Inquiry and Data-Generation Method

The study used organized interviews that consists several guide
questions. The interview methods used are through technology by using
audio recording and Facebook messenger. The interview allows the
researchers to furthermore explore the topic and to precisely extract the data
gathered from the respondents. This method lets the researchers to provide
facts that’ll explain how the Senior High School Program helped Grade 12
students’ preparation to pursue their desired course in college that is based
on systematized interview questionnaire.

Sources of Data
The researchers have a total of ten (10) informants. The informants are
selected not for their logical thinking but on the basis that they are able to
respond to the researcher’s questions and their availability to communicate
with the researchers. The use of the individuals is justified where there are
same environment and no knowledge boundaries between them. In this
study, all the informants are a part of the Polytechnic University of the
Philippines – Quezon City scholar students and they are all Grade 12
students that’ll pursue college.

Instrumentation
The study used semi-structured questions; therefore, the following
interview guide questions were divided according to the research sub-
questions:
Sub question no.1: What is their preferred course in college?
Interview Guide Questions:
1) What course do you want to take in college?

2) What achievements did you achieved in your previous years in

Senior High that qualifies you in your desired course in college?

3) How does your Senior High Track (ABM, GAS, and HUMMS)
helped you to choose your desired course?

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4) Do you believe your preparation is sufficient in the course you

will choose in college?

Ethical Consideration
Ethical consideration can be specified as one of the most important
part of the research. The researchers understood the principles related to the
conduct of the study. The researchers assure the informants are not to be
subjected to harm in any ways whatsoever. The respect of the informants’
dignity as part of the study was prioritized. Full consent was obtained from
the informants prior to the conduct of the interview. The protections of the
privacy of the informants were ensured, therefore, an adequate level of
confidentiality of the informants’ data was taken into account. The anonymity
of the individuals was ensured and will only be divulged upon the informants’
written approval. Anytime of misleading information, as well as representation
of the primary data findings in a biased way was avoided.

CHAPTER 4
RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS

The following are the results and the analysis done from the data.
Table 1
Description of the Informants
NAME (Optional) or you AGE GENDER Personality Description (if
may write their Aliases available)
Trisha Mae Mallari 17 Female N/A
Ginalyn Daradal 19 Female N/A
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Kaela Mae Mabuhay 18 Female N/A

Tresia S. Traquena 18 Female N/A
Allyka Joy L. Delos Santos 18 Female N/A
Trina Pauline Pascual 18 Female N/A
Kyla C. Dizon 17 Female N/A
May Rose C. Gabac 18 Female N/A
Erica C. Cantos 18 Female N/A
Edna Moana 18 Female N/A

Table 1 Most of the informants are all females’ ages 17-19 years old. They
are from different strands, three of them came from ABM 12 – 1, and the
other three is from GAS 12-1, two for HUMSS 12-1, and the last two is from
GAS 12-2 and ABM 12-2.
Sub-question No. 1: What is your preferred course in College?

Table 2
Guide Question 1- What course do you want to take in College?
Informant Informant’s Replies
No.
1 Tricia “BS Accountacy”
2 Ginalyn “Gusto ko sana ng HR kung meron dito, dito ako mag aaral.”
3 Kaela “Ano BSA.”
4 Tresia “Bachelor in Filipino Education.”
5 Allyka “Mass Communication.”
6 Trina “I want BS Psychology.”
7 Kyla “Bachelor of Science Accountancy”
8 Mary “not sure, undecided pa, MM”
9 Erica “Bachelor of Business Teacher Education or BBTE”
10 Edna “My dream course is Accountancy but because of some problems I
want to take Banking and Fenance because I love Math. And I think my
skills and knowledge are fit in this course.”

Guide Question 2 – What Achievements did you achieved in your previous

years in Senior High that qualifies you in your desired course in College?

Informant Informant’s replies

No.
1 Tricia “During my Senior High this required that we will pass all the subjects
that is inclined to our strand which is ABM and up until now I pass all
the subject, then in our research, the research is based in our track, so
it must be related to our track, so we made research that we finish last
sem about businesses which is related to our strand.”
2 Ginalyn “Last sem naka 90 ako na grades, kasi nung grade ano ako, grade 11
mababa siya sa 90, so unang ano second semester 90 above na.”
3 Kaela “Wala talaga yung specific achievements pero sa tingin ko yung, yun
nga katulad ng sa kanila yung grades ko ah, matataas naman ah pati
yung sa major subject na about sa accountancy is mataas naman and
then yun nga may background rin kami dun sa research naming na
tungkol nga sa kung anong strand kinuha namin.”
4 Tresia “Siguro ano mas natuto ako, dito mas natuto akong magsulat parang I
enhance yung writing skills, public speaking din, kasi most of the prof.
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di ba, ah nag papareport. Ano pa ba? Yun lang.”

5 Allyka “: Nung Junior High kasi ako meron akong clubs na sinalihan which is
link club in line rin naman siguro siya sa Mass Communication kasi sa
club na yon nililinang yung mga estudyante na magkaroon ng mas
broad pa ng pag iisip sa isang bagay.”
6 Trina “: I think my achievements… yung achievements na nakuha ko nung
Senior High… is yung naging president ako ng classroom which is may
mga kaklase ako na nag papacomfort sakin so when you say BS
Psychology is all about mental behaviour of person.”
7 Kyla “ahm, kase hindi naman achievement talaga, ano mahilig lang talaga
ako sa math saka parang na inspired ako sa mga pinsan ko na
accounting talaga sila.”
8 Mary “Wala pa talaga since not sure pa nga ako sa course ko, pero kung
achievements lang ang pag uusapan pero naring masabi na isa sa mga
achievement ko eh natuto akong gumawa ng business plan na alam ko
namang magagamit ko pagdating ng College.”
9 Erica “May mga nagging subjects kami related sa course na kukunin ko this
school year. Malaking achievements yun kasi naging advance yung
knowledge ko sa mga naencounter kong subjects na related sa course
ko”
10 Edna “Achievement?? A simple achievement for me is having a grade in
math that is not 87 below. But I didn’t mean that Banking and Fenance
will only focusing in math subject it also need to be well train in English
but it has a big factor if your both good in math and English”

Guide Question 3 - How does your senior high track help you to choose your desired
course?
Informant Informant’s replies
No.
1 Tricia “Back then before I entered my Senior High School I was undecided of
my course, I just think about my capabilities that my skills is inclined to
ABM, so I entered ABM, then when I entered ABM I realize that I
wanted to take up BS Accountancy so it made me having better solve
that I want to be as an Accountancy in my College years.”
2 Ginalyn “Para kasi sa akin ang Senior High is ano hinahanda tayo sa college,
kunyari ano mag thesis tayo ngayon tapos pag College na tayo meron
na tayong knowledge about thesis at research.”…

“Sa ABM kasi more in financing money kaya as a student ng ABM

nagkaroon ako ng knowledge kung pano mag handle ng pera para sa
College ano, kunyari magbabayad ka ng, ano, anong tawag dun? Ah
yun tuition fees, kaya ano kapag marunong ka sap era maano mo yun
kunyari magwowork kasa anon g ano parang magbabayad ganun.”
3 Kaela “ano, syempre nakatulong siya ng sobra kasi di ba nga, before Junior
High, Junior High ano as in wala, di namin alam kung ano yung
papasukan namin and then yun nga K-12, lumabas siyang K-12
binigyan kami ng chance na malinawan pa yung pag iisip namin kung
ano talaga yung kukunin namin and yan nga nakatulong yung Senior
High na mas mapalawak yung isip ko na accountancy talaga kukunin
ko.”
4 Trezia “Sa HUMSS kasi ano eh ipapatry nila lahat ng pwede don sa course na
yun kaya sa tingin ko lahat naman ng subjects interested ako pag
HUMSS, ah nandun talaga ang gusto kong course yon.
5 Allyka “Para kasi yung Humanities which is yung strand ko, track tama? Ahh
kasi parang nagiging training ground siya sa amin eh, halimbawa ako
Mass Communication more on reporting kami syempre Humanities,
more on socialize with other people ganun, tapos ah, written report
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sulat – sulat”
6 Trina “GAS being General Academic Starnd wala siyang specialize subject so
parang nakuha ko naman parang na cope up parang biglang nag come
up nalang na gusto ko mag psychology.”
7 Kyla “ahm, actually dapat ABM talaga ako pero naubusan ako ng slot since
gusto ko mag accountancy is ABM talaga dahil walang slot nahihirapan
ako kase di ko alam kung makakapag accountancy ba ako kase may
naririnig ako na bawal ako mag accounting kase di naman ako nag
ABM kailangan ko pa kumuha ng units ng ABM, so babalik pa ako
parang ganun, so para sakin mas nakagulo sakin kase di naman yung
gusto kong strand ang napasukan ko, so since GAS alam ko naman na
mga teacher second choice ko naman yun pero mas gusto ko pa rin
yung accountancy kaya mas nakagulo siya.”
8 Mary “Since, ABM yung kinuha ko inline siya sa course na kukunin ko, isa pa
sa track na ito nahulma na yung utak naming at nagkaroon kami ng
experience na about mismo sa magiging course namin sa college, isa
pa ang pagkakaroon ng track sa SHS sy malaking tulong dahil ditto unti
unti mong malalaman kung ano talaga ang gusto mong kukunin.”
9 Erica “since teacher nga yung kukunin kong course, yung napili kong strand
bago pumasok ng Senior High ay GAS dahil under din nito yung
primary and secondary education.”
10 Edna “my Senior High track help me in choosing what I really want. Because
GAS is for general courses so when im in this process of learning. Ive
learned that no matter what happen I will only pursue Accountancy or
Banking and Finance. Even if I don’t have enough background about
those course I still want it.”

Guide 4 - Do you believe your preparation is sufficient in the course you will choose
in college?
Informants Informant’s replies
No.
1 Tricia “Yes… I think since the K-12 is take up the fundamentals, the
fundamentals subjects that is needed, so as graduates you have a
better foundation when we enter College, so it won’t be hard for us
since our foundation is better.”
2 Ginalyn “Yes… kasi parang nakikita ko dun, pagiging HR”
3 Kaela “I believe so, kasi ano eh, kase dun nga itong ABM ahm tinuruan talaga
kami about dun sa accountancy, natutuwa ko ng husto at maraming
background na alam na ko na para bago ako mag college yun.”
4 Trezia “Yes, balibalita kasi ano eh, yung mga first year students ng College
parehas lang daw yung tinetake naming subjects sa kanila. Kaya ano,
umaasa din ako na baka pagdating ng first year ko sa College baka
pwedeng mabawasan units ko…… kung mababawasan”
5 Allyka “Siguro masasabi kong hindi pa sapat, kasi marami din kaming subject
pa na kailangan pang I pursue, halimbawa na lang sa Mass
Communication more on ano din kasi sulat – sulat din kasi, ang gusto
ko kasi yung parang na e enhance din yung voice naming hindi lang
basta sa pagsulat kasi yung pag sulat madali lang naman siya, kung
yun nga na aapply mo siya, pero kasi yung voice para sa akin ayun din
talaga isa dapat sa mga subjects na kasama? Tama ba ako? Oo kayo
ng oo!”
6 Trina “I think hindi pa po ito enough pero I will work for it para maging enough
pa siya.”
7 Kyla “Kung mag teteacher ako yes pero kung mag accounting ako no, kase
wala naman akong accounting subject di tulad ng ABM meron silang
accounting meron silang subject na wala kami kase GAS nga.”
8 Mary “Syempre oo, naniniwala ako na oo kasi nature naman na sa amin lahat
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lahat ng pwede naming malaman about sa track naming na inline sa

kukunin naming course though hindi nga lang ganun ka handa yung
mismong systema ng mismong SHS.”
9 Erica “yes”
10 Edna “yes, I believe in that as what I’ve said a while ago im from the General
Track which is the GAS so it’s not exactly a good preparation for my
desired course but during the process I’ve learned a lot of things so I
guess those things will help me up in my desired course”

Table 2: Some of the informants consider the SHS program is sufficient for
entering college, while others consider this as insufficient.

CHAPTER 5
SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS

Findings
What have you learned from the answers of the informants? Type in
bullet format
 Most of the informants have decided their course in College and some
of them are undecided.
 The informants tend to have different desired course even they have
the same strands.
 Some of the informants said that Senior High School Program was a
sufficient preparation to the course they take.

Conclusion:
In line with the findings gathered in this study, the researchers arise in
the following conclusions:
Sub-question No. 1: That in choosing their course for College; their
strand has a big contribution to their selection. It helps them to choose their
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preferred course and prepared them regarding to the course they want. It
gives the idea about the course they want to pursue.
Therefore, the researchers answered the Research Question of: How
SHS students training and academic preparation are inspired to pursue
college. The Researchers have come up to a new perspective that the most
of informants’ students followed their current academic track. The SHS
Program had been their training grounds as a preparation for College. This
SHS Program prepared them not only for choosing their desired course but to
give them knowledge to the course they will take in College. But the other
informants don’t consider SHS program as a sufficient training to their chosen
career. The informants were unsatisfied in the program of SHS.

Recommendation:

The following are the recommendations of the researchers:

 FOR GRADE 10 STUDENTS. The researcher recommended that
they have to choose their right track and it has to be a connection in
their courses they will pursue in College.
 FOR GRADE 12 STUDENTS. They have to adapt the knowledge they
have learned in their SHS years, because it will help them to apply it
for their chosen course.
 FOR THE SCHOOLS. Their system must be appropriate to the said
curriculum to make their SHS students well trained and to be prepared
for their College degree.
Based in our findings, the CGP or Career Guidance Program
will help the grade 10 students to be informed to tracks they will
choose in their Senior High School. According to Education Secretary
Leonor M. Briones the CGP will assist the Grade 10 students to
choose their preferred track and each student have to choose the track
they will master and will give advance knowledge when they are done
in their Senior High school.
The SHS will help them to provide sufficient time to master their
concept and skills, middle-level skills develop lifelong learning and
prepare them in their College degree.
The curriculum has been improve for K-12 and now gives more
focus to the track they will master.
Curriculum: The K to 12 curriculum is standards- and
competence-based. It is inclusive and built around the needs of the
learners and the community. (Official Gazette.gov)

Senior High School Department

 POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES 19

References

Villena, Wynxzylden M. (2017) “Guiding our senior high-school

students on their career path”
Retrieved from https://businessmirror.com.ph/guiding-our-senior-high-
school-students-on-their-career-path/
Abueva C. (2015) “Why Does the Philippines Need the K-12 Education
System? Open Education Sociology Dictionary.
Retrieved from https://soapboxie.com/social-issues/The-
Implementation-o-the-K-12-Program-in-the-Philippine-Basic-Education-
Curriculum
Formoso, Chelo B (2016) “SHS tracks offer career paths to students”
Retrieved from http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/782629/shs-tracks-offer-
career-paths-to-students#ixzz5BTO9jaJD
Sarmiento, Danilo H. & Orale Ronald L. (2016) “Senior High School
Curriculum in the Philippines, USA, and Japan”
Retrieved from
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/318494693_Senior_High_Sc
hool_Curriculum_in_the_Philippines_USA_and_Japan
Official Gazette.gov.
Retrieved from
http://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/k-12/

Senior High School Department