DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSOR

2A digital signal processor (DSP) is a specialized microprocessor with an

optimized architecture for the fast operational needs of digital signal
processing which are used for a wide range of applications, from
communications and controls to speech and image processing.There are two
types of microprocessos mainly used C6xxx and C6713. The general-purpose
digital signal processor is dominated by applications in communications
(cellular).They are found in mobile phones,high definition
television(HDTV),cameras and so on.

Block diagram of DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSOR

1. Floating point operation which is unit integrated directly into the

datapath and it is consider as program flow.
2. DSP uses very long instruction word(VLIW) techniques so each
instruction drives multiple arithmetic units in parallel which is 32 bit
instruction set.
3. Parallel programme architecture.
4. 225MHZ clock speed.
5. 8 instruction/cycles,8 compilation & logical unit and each with 6 ALOS.
 DIGITAL STARTER KIT
 DSK board
 INPUT/OUTPUT port
 software

DSK board includes

 16MB (megabytes) of synchronous dynamic random access memory
(SDRAM).
 256kB (kilobytes) of flash memory.
 External memory interface (EMIF) with light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and
liquid-crystal displays (LCDs) for spectrum display.
 Dip Switches(DIP).
 32 bit Stereo Codec for input/output support.
 32-bit address bus to address 4 GB (gigabytes), and two sets of 32-bit
general-purpose registers.
 32 bit resister in 2 Resister banks.

The DSK board, with an approximate size of 5 × 8 in., includes the C6713
floating-point digital signal processor and a 32-bit stereo codec TLV320AIC23
(AIC23) for input and output.32 bit Stereo Codec are assigned as 16 bit left
stereo which is connected to pin number 0to15 i/o and 16 bit right i/o is
connected to 16to31 i/o. The onboard codec AIC23 [37] uses a sigma–delta
technology that provides Analog to digital conversion(ADC) and digital to
analog conversion(DAC). It connects to a 12-MHz system clock.Variable
sampling rates from 8 to 96 kHz can be set readily. The DSK board includes
16MB (megabytes) of synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM)
and 256kB (kilobytes) of flash memory. There are four connectors on the board
provide input and output: MIC IN for microphone input, LINE IN for line input,
LINE OUT for line output, and HEADPHONE for a headphone output
(multiplexed with line output). The status of the four user dip switches on the
DSK board can be read from a program and provides the user with a feedback
control interface with clock speed of 225.MHz.

CODE COMPOSER STUDIO

Code Composer Studio (CCS), which provides the necessary software
support tools. CCS provides an integrated development environment
(IDE), bringing together the C compiler, assembler, linker, debugger, and
so on. It has graphical capabilities and supports real-time debugging. It
provides an easy-to-use software tool to build and debug programs. The C
compiler compiles a C source program with extension .c to produce an
assembly source file with extension.asm.The assembler assembles an .asm
source which is used to produce machine language object file with extension
.obj.The linker combines object files and object libraries as input to produce
an executable file with extension.out. This executable file represents a linked
common object file format COFF), popular in Unix-based systems and adopted
by several makers of digital signal processors [25]. This executable file can be
loaded and run directly on the C6713 processor.

Polling and Interrupt

  Polling

Polling, or polled operation, refers to actively sampling the status of an

external device by a client program as a synchronous activity. Polling is most
often used in terms of input/output (I/O), and is also referred to as polled I/O or
software driven I/O.

Polling is sometimes used with busy-wait polling (Busy waiting). In this

situation, when an I/O operation is required the computer does nothing other
than check the status of the I/O device until it is ready, at which point the
device is accessed. In other words the computer waits until the device is
ready. Polling also refers to the situation where a device is repeatedly checked
for readiness, and if it is not the computer returns to a different task. Although
not as wasteful of CPU cycles as busy-wait, this is generally not as efficient as
the alternative to polling, interrupt driven I/O.

In a simple single-purpose system, even busy-wait is perfectly

appropriate if no action is possible until the I/O access, but more often than
not this was traditionally a consequence of simple hardware or non-
multitasking operating systems.

 INTERRUPT

Hardware interrupts were introduced as a way to avoid wasting the

processor's valuable time in polling loops, waiting for external events.
They may be implemented in hardware as a distinct system with control
lines, or they may be integrated into the memory subsystem. A
hardware interrupt causes the processor to save its state of execution
and begin execution of an interrupt handler.

ID NO:0895568
ASSIGNMENT-1

SUBMITTED BY
JAYDEEPSINH ZALA