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A person with polymyositis has inflammation of the muscles, resulting in muscle weakness. The cause
of polymyositis is unknown. Polymyositis may result from an abnormal immune system, which
normally fights infection. The immune system mistakenly attacks normal muscle tissue, causing
inflammation and breakdown of the muscle cells. The cause of the abnormal immune system in
polymyositis is unknown.
Polymyositis Incidence
Facts about polymyositis:
Fatigue
Malaise
Difficulty speaking
Difficulty swallowing
Difficulty walking
Hoarse voice
Hand tremor
Muscle aches:
o Arm pain (bilateral)
o Leg pain (bilateral)
Muscle swelling
Muscle tenderness
Joint pains
o Creatine phosphokinase
Medications commonly used to control pain and inflammation in adults with polymyositis
include:
Acetaminophen
o Controls pain, but has no anti-inflammatory properties
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs:
o Aspirin
o Ibuprofen
o Naproxen
o Ketoprofen
Narcotic pain medications:
o Require a doctor's prescription
o Generally reserved for moderate to severe pain or severe pain
Acetaminophen
Acetaminophen decreases fever and pain, but does not help inflammation.
Adult dosing is 2 regular strength (325 mg) every 4 hours or 2 extra-strength (500
mg) every 6 hours.
Maximum dose is 4,000 mg per day.
Avoid this drug if you have alcoholism, liver disease or an allergy to the drug. See the
package instructions.
Common brand names include Tylenol, Panadol, and many others.
Aspirin
Ibuprofen
Naproxen
Ketoprofen
NSAID Precautions
The successful treatment of polymyositis requires your participation. Here are answers to
some important questions.
How is this possible? Do people really have control of their own health? The biggest killers
are heart disease and cancer. Although many of these diseases seem to strike at random, our
lifestyle choices greatly influence personal risk.
Educate yourself.
Be skeptical: Learn to separate fact from fiction.
Billions of dollars are spent each year marketing dietary supplements, vitamins, and
new medical treatments. Much of this is unnecessary and wasteful.
Be careful about where you get your health information.
o Some of the best sources for health information on the web are professional
societies and non-profit organizations.
o Ask your doctor what he or she recommends.
Examine the credentials of the authors.
o If you are reading about symptoms and disease, your best source is a licensed
physician.
o Pay attention to when the content was last updated.
o Make sure the person is not just trying to sell you something.
What things in your control can increase your risk for disease?
What can you do to decrease this risk?
What are vaccines and how can they help you?
How do your lifestyle choices increase your risk for disease?
How can you reduce stress?
What minor health problems can you treat at home?
When is a medical problem "serious"?
When should you call the doctor?
Everyone should have a primary care physician or family doctor. A primary physician
is usually a family practitioner, internist, or pediatrician.
Establish a relationship in advance with your doctor.
Make sure you are comfortable with your primary care physician.
The internet contains many resources where you can do research to locate the doctor
that is best for you.
You may wish to schedule a brief visit with the doctor to see if he or she is right for
you.
o Be open-minded, and allow your doctor to know you well. This will improve
communication.
Physician credentials:
o Internship and residency training is usually best from respected institutions,
universities, and major hospitals.
o Look for board certification in the specialty.
o Ask about membership in medical societies.
Community and professional reputation are also important.
o Are other patients happy with the doctor?
o Has the doctor been disciplined by hospitals or agencies?
o How long has the doctor been in practice?
o In general, more than a few malpractice suits over a 5-10 year period should
trigger caution.
Does the doctor communicate well? Are your questions answered during busy times?
Does the doctor welcome you to help make decisions about your care?
Is the doctor available when you need care?
What is the doctor's after-hours coverage?
Is he or she a member of a large group?
o Do the doctors' cross-cover one another?
Where do they admit patients?
The American Hospital Association has published a "Patient's Bill of Rights" that is a good
guide. It states that you have the right:
Remember to ask:
What side effects to expect.
What drug interactions are possible.
o Find out if a new medicine reacts with those that you are taking now.
o Many over-the-counter drugs and dietary supplements can also cause serious
side effects and drug interactions.
o Some drugs interact with certain foods, vitamins, nicotine, and alcohol.
Make sure you can drive or operate machines safely while taking a medicine.
Ask your doctor how much a prescription costs.
o Is there a less expensive option or a generic version?
Three simple questions can help you get the most from your treatment plan:
Notify your doctor if you have polymyositis and any of the following:
Joint contractures:
o Severe joint stiffness
Myocarditis
Pleuritis
Pulmonary disease:
o Pulmonary fibrosis
Respiratory failure
Polymyositis may result from an abnormal immune system, which normally fights infection. The
immune system mistakenly attacks normal muscle tissue, causing inflammation and breakdown of
the muscle cells. The cause of the abnormal immune system in polymyositis is unknown.
Muscles make up about 40% of total body weight. The human body contains over 300
muscles that provide movement for the entire body.
Examples of major muscles include the:
Back
Chest
Shoulder
Arm
Neck
Thigh
Leg