COMPARISON OF UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENTIFIC METHODS AND

DEVELOPMENT OF SCIENCE BETWEEN SMA NEGERI 1 BANGGAI

AND SMA PGRI PURWOHARJO

Project Paper

Arranged to fulfill of Envrionmental Science Basics guided by Dr. Sueb, M.Kes

Will be presented on Thursday 21 Febuary 2019

By
Group 2 Offering C
Elisa Kholifatur Rohmah (180311612549)
Maulida Rhomadhotul Khusnah (180311612501)
Shiyam Budi Bonggo Prasetyo (180311612523)

UNIVERSITAS NEGERI MALANG

FACULTY OF MATHEMATHICS AND NATURAL SCIENCES
DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS
February 2019
 COMPARISON OF UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENTIFIC METHODS AND
DEVELOPMENT OF SCIENCE BETWEEN SMA NEGERI 1 BANGGAI AND SMA
PGRI PURWOHARJO

Sueb1, Elisa Kholifatur Rohmah1, Maulida Rhomadhotul Khusnah1, dan

Shiyam Budi Bonggo Prasetyo1
1
Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural
Sciences,
Universitas Negeri Malang, Jalan Semarang 05 Malang 65145,
Indonesia

Corresponding author: sueb.fmipa@um.ac.id

Abstract
The scientific method is a sequence or process of scientific
research. The scientific method has been studied since
elementary school, but there are still many students who have
not understood the scientific method and its application itself.
This paper aims to help the reader understand the scientific
method and its application.This paper is written based on the
articles, national or international journals and research results.
This study took a sample of students of SMAN 1 BANGGAI and
SMA PGRI PURWOHARJO to compare students' understanding of
the scientific method. from the results of the study, researchers
found that many students had understood the scientific method
and its application.

Keywords: method, scientific, comparison

1. Introduction
Science (science) comes from the Latin scienti a which means knowledge. Science is understood
as a disciplined inquiry process. Science aims to predict and understand the symptoms of nature. Science
is knowledge that has been reprocessed and arranged methodically, systematically, consistently and
coherently. In order for knowledge to be knowledge, then this knowledge must be sorted (into a certain
field of reality) and arranged methodically, systematically and consistently. The goal is that the
experience can be re-expressed more clearly, in detail and precisely.
Science is a methodical approach to studying the natural world. Science asks basic questions, such as
how does the world work? How did the world come to be? What was the world like in the past, what is it
like now, and what will it be like in the future? These questions are answered using observation, testing,
and interpretation through logic [2]
Most scientists would not say that science leads to an understanding of the truth. Science is a
determination of what is most likely to be correct at the current time with the evidence at our disposal.
Scientific explanations can be inferred from confirmable data only, and observations and experiments
must be reproducible and verifiable by other individuals. In other words, good science is based on
information that can be measured or seen and verified by other scientists [2]
The Scientific Method is a process used to validate observations while minimizing observer bias. Its
goal is for research to be conducted in a fair, unbiased and repeatable manner [1]
 This research stems from our curiosity about the insights of the scientific and scientific methods of
high school (SMA) or equivalent students. As we know science and scientific methods have been taught
starting high school (SMA), but there are still many students who misinterpret science, not only that there
are still many students who claim to have carried out research using scientific methods but the method
used is not entirely a scientific method formulated by experts. In this study, we took two different
samples, namely SMAN 1 BANGGAI and SMA PGRI PURWOHARJO. The reason we took these two
samples is that we want to compare the level of insight about the scientific and scientific methods of
SMAN 1 BANGGAI in Central Sulawesi Province, Banggai Laut District and SMA PGRI
PURWOHARJO in East Java Province, Banyuwangi Regency.
The purpose of this study is that we want to know the level of insight regarding the scientific and
scientific methods of SMAN 1 BANGGAI and SMA PGRI PURWOHARJO. After we obtain the data, it
is expected that the data can be used by educators to improve the insights of high school students about
scientific and scientific methods, so that there are no mistakes in defining and applying scientific and
scientific methods. this research also aims to broaden readers' knowledge about science and scientific
methods. By reading this paper, the reader is expected to be able to improve wrong understanding and
avoid mistakes in the use of scientific methods in research.

2. Materials and Methods

Type of research : Descriptive research

Time and location : 13 February 2019-20 February 2019 at State University of Malang

Population : students of Senior High School

Sample : Students of SMAN 1 Banggai and students of SMA PGRI
Purwoharjo
Instrument : Questionnaire
Data Collection : Provide a google form link that contains various questions about
scientific methods and development of science
Data analysis : Using statistical methods
References
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University to You, 2012.
[2]. Gary B. Lewis, " Nature of Science and the Scientific Method", GSA Distinguished
Earth Science Educator in Residence, 2012.
[3]. Wilhelm Windelband and Guy Oake, " History And Natural Science ", Wiley for
Wesleyan University, 1980.
[4]. Cristina Sousa, “The Scientific Methods of Biology, Starting with Charles
Darwin”, National Association of Biology Teachers. 2016.
[5]. Edgar Zilsel ,”The Origins Of William Gilbert's Scientific Method”, Journal of the
History of Ideas, 2014.
[6]. Mariano Ruiz Espejo & Adalbert Marqués Vilallonga,” Principles of Scientific
Methods”, Journal of Applied Statistics.2017.
[7]. Bruce Alberts,” Science for life”, Science is a registered trademark of
AAAS..2016.
[8]. Santo Fortunato,” Science of science”, the American Association for the
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[10].Anton E. Lawson,” How Many Scientific Methodsexist”, National Association of
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[12] Richard Levins,” Whose Scientific Method? Scientific Methods For A Complex
World”, Island Press. 2003.
[13]. Carol E. Cleland, “ Historical science, experimental science, and the scientific
method”, Geological Society of America, 2014.
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