25 MW DIESEL POWER PLANT

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION

1.1Diesel Power Plant

By the end of the nineteenth century there mountains of useless coal dust had

piled up in the Ruhr valley in Germany, and Rudolf Diesel started to work to develop

an engine that would burn coal dust. The attempts to design such an engine failed,

but in 1892, Diesel was issued a patent for a proposed system in which air would be

so greatly compressed that the temperature would far exceed the ignition

temperature of an oil fuel. Internal combustion engines have been providing shaft

power.

There are basically two main types of diesel power plants combustion engines

categorized by the type of fuel used: gasoline or diesel. The vast majority of those

engines power automobiles, but they have been also used for ships, boats,

agricultural processing machinery, and many other industrial applications. During the

last quarter of the twentieth century abundant fossil fuel production and distribution

made possible commercial application of diesel-powered electricity generation for

several applications. In addition, hybrid schemes were deployed to integrate and

complement intermittent distributed generation systems.

Diesel-based low power generation consists basically of a diesel engine

coupled to an electric power generator and a field-exciting generator. The

arrangement is very compact, it goes online in a very short lead time, requires only

routine maintenance, and is easily available through practicing professionals in

mechanical workshops and garages. Diesel engines have some disadvantages: They

are noisy, polluting, driven economically by fuel costs (and thus captive to world

politics), require fuel storage close to the power plant, and require logistics and

infrastructure for transportation.

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 25 MW DIESEL POWER PLANT

This figure depicts a typical arrangement of a small diesel engine–powered

plant. Since a conventional synchronous generator is used, special attention to

frequency and synchronization is

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 25 MW DIESEL POWER PLANT
1.2 Formulas

1. AMD= DF X CL

Where:

AMD = Actual Maximum Demand

CL = Corrected Load or Total Power Consumed

2. Compressed Air Requirement = Piston Displacement

π 2
3. Piston Displacement= B SNC
4

Where:

B= Bore Diameter

S= Length of stroke

N= RPM

C= No of Cylinder

Pd V d T d
4. Free Air Capacity=
T d Pd

Where:

PD= Discharge Pressure

VD= Volumetric Flow Rate

TA= Ambient Temperature

TD= Discharge Temperature

Pa= Ambient Pressure

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 25 MW DIESEL POWER PLANT
5. Area of the Water Tubing

Volume flow rate

Area=
Velocity

π 2
6. V= D H
4

Where:

V= Volume

D= Diameter

H= Height

S PD
7. =
FS 2 TN

Where:

S= Strength of the material

FS= Factor of Safety

P= Pressure

D= Diameter

T= Thickness

N= Efficiency for Welded Joint

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 25 MW DIESEL POWER PLANT

674.58 bhp
8. W=
T 2 −t 1

Where:

W= Cooling water

Bhp= Brake horsepower

T1= inlet water temperature

T2= Outlet water temperature

Quantity of water ¿ be cooled ¿

9. Cross sectional Area =
WaterConcentration

10.Q= mwCp∆ T

Where:

Q= Heat transfer rate

Mw= mass of cooling water

∆ T= change in temperature or temperature rise

11. P=γh

Where:

P= Pressure

γ = Specific weight

H= Height

12.Fuel + Intake= Exhaust air

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 25 MW DIESEL POWER PLANT
13.Q= AV

Where:

Q= volume flow rate

A= area

V= Velocity

14.Exhaust gas flow rate= Gas fuel ratio x Fuel Rate

Where: Gas fuel ratio = A:F + 1

15.PV= nRT

Where:

P= Exhaust Pressure

V= Volume rate

N= total no of moles in the product

R= Gas Constant

T= Exhaust Temperature

16.Average load = Area Under the curve load / 24 hrs.

17.Load Factor = Average load / Peak load

18.Plant Capacity factor = Actual Energy / Max. Possible energy that

might have been produced during same period

19. Plant use factor = Annual kilowatt hours production/ Kilowatt of

capacity times the no. of hours plant was in operation

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