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World
Physical Science
Gr 12 ABM/HUMSS
Day 1 of 2
Kick-Off: The-Geeks
a. What is common with the pictures shown?
b. The Greeks are known for a lot of things that
even survive to this day. Why do you think were
they able to contribute that many ideas to
humanity?
c. Greeks are almost always associated with
philosophers. What are philosophers?
d. Why do you think the Greeks are restricted to
thought experiments instead of actual ones?
…plenty of time with
less distractions…
Even the Physical Sciences
owe a ton to the ancient Greeks!
Question from the Course Outline
Alchemists
Robert Boyle
John Dalton
Greeks
Democritus
Alchemists
Robert Boyle
Aristotle
John Dalton
What did the Greeks theorized about
the substance/s that made everything up?
Democritus
Alchemists
Robert Boyle
Democritus
John Dalton
Why is Democritus important in the
modern understanding of the atom?
• Democritus’ teacher, • Democritus called
Leucippus taught such single
him that: indivisible piece,
−all matter could atomos.
be divided until a
single indivisible • atomos ® atom
piece is reached.
We can give credit
to Democritus for
the term of atom.
His and Leucippus’ idea of an atom however
was not accepted by many Greeks.
Greeks
Democritus
Alchemists
Robert Boyle
John Dalton
What contributions
have the alchemists made?
• Conducted • Transmutation
experiments using −we use the term in
chemical reactions. modern science
when we transform
• Chemical reactions one element into
are key for later another.
theories about the
atom.
We can give credit
to the alchemists for the
many experiments that
were helpful in later
studies about the atom.
One man’s failure,
is another man’s success.
Checkpoint!
1. What are the basic elements
according to Aristotle?
−fire, water, air, earth, ether
2. Who is the Greek credited
for the term atom?
−Democritus
3. What is the philosopher’s stone?
−An object that can turn anything to gold and
grand immortality.
Greeks
Democritus
Alchemists
Robert Boyle
John Dalton
What contributions
have Robert Boyle made?
• One of the many • According to Boyle:
early scientists that −a substance can
started to do more only be considered
well-designed an element if it
experiments that cannot be broken
used chemical further into simpler
reactions. substances.
We can give credit to
Robert Boyle for
theorizing what
an element is.
He wasn’t able to prove this
with experiments but his credibility
helped in popularizing the idea of elements.
Greeks
Democritus
Alchemists
Robert Boyle
John Dalton
Why are the ideas of
John Dalton important?
• He gathered many of • In his book, A New
the important ideas System of Chemical
about the atom during Philosophy, he
his time. presented his own
• He also conducted theory about atoms.
many experiments
that supported many
of his scientific
theories.
Dalton’s Atomic Theory
1. All matter is made However….
of atoms that are • Are atoms indivisible
indivisible and and indestructible?
indestructible. −protons, neutrons,
and electrons?
2. All atoms of a given • All atoms of a given
element are element are identical
identical in mass in mass?
and properties. −Isotopes?
We can give credit to
John Dalton for
experiments that
supported the atom.
He wasn’t able to prove the atom, but his
ideas started to become widespread that
others eventually studied atoms.
Let’s Organize! (size 4, individual)
Greeks theorize what an element is