The Industrial

Internet of Things (IIoT)

Class 1:Background and Overview of IoT/IIoT
June 23, 2014
Charles J. Lord, PE
President, Consultant, Trainer
Blue Ridge Advanced Design and Automation
 This Week’s Agenda

6/23 Background and Overview of IoT/IIoT

6/24 The Applications of IIoT

6/25 The Backbone of IIoT: IPv.6

6/26 The #1 IIoT Challenge: Security

6/27 IIoT: Where Do We Go From Here?

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 This Week’s Agenda

6/23 Background and Overview of IoT/IIoT

6/24 The Applications of IIoT

6/25 The Backbone of IIoT: IPv.6

6/26 The #1 IIoT Challenge: Security

6/27 IIoT: Where Do We Go From Here?

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Internet of Things

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So What *IS* the Internet of Things
• A collection of unique objects gathered in an
Internet-like structure
• Term coined by Kevin Ashton in 1999
– Proctor and Gamble, later MIT
• Started primarily as tracking – was basis for
RFID
• Outgrowth in tagging: bar codes, QR, digital
watermarks, etc

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 Ashton’s take on the IoT
“If we had computers that knew everything there was
to know about things—using data they gathered
without any help from us—we would be able to track
and count everything, and greatly reduce waste, loss
and cost. We would know when things needed
replacing, repairing or recalling, and whether they were
fresh or past their best. The Internet of Things has the
potential to change the world, just as the Internet did.
Maybe even more so.“ (2009)

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 Everything about Everything
• IoT quickly grew from simply tracking some
objects to the concept of tracking ‘everything
of interest’
• Depending on the definition, you can then
monitor ‘parameters of interest’ associated
with each object – not just location (and
sometimes location is not of interest)
• There are more than a dozen DIFFERENT
definitions of IoT – and growing!
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 Ericsson:
• “We have a vision of 50 billion connected
devices by 2020”

• “Anything that benefits from being connected

will be connected”

- IoT Devcon, 2014

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 So, What is the INDUSTRIAL IoT?
• The IoT is now being thought of as two types
of network, coined the Human IoT and the
Industrial IoT
• The “Human IoT” is characterized as having
human interaction and low failure impact.
• The “Industrial IoT” is characterized as
operating without direct human interaction
and oversight, sometimes with potential
catastrophic failure impact.
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 Human IoT (HIoT)
• Human-controlled or at least monitored
• Can include a person using a device (phone, tablet,
computer, etc.
• Includes most consumer and wellness devices,
although there is crossover. For example:
– If your connected home thermostat fails, in most cases you
will detect this and it becomes a nuisance issue
– A thermostat in an unoccupied dwelling, or in an industrial
process, or in an area that must be kept at a certain
temperature range for safety can cause a catastrophic
failure
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 Industrial IoT (IIoT)
• Primarily devices that work with one another
without human interaction or intervention
(M2M)
• Robustness, controlled failure modes, security
become primary issues
• “Consumer” items can quickly cross over, as a
phone app can control your home or even
your car. Or monitor life-critical health issues.

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 SRI’s View:
More Info, More Intelligence

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 Research versus Market
• There are many diverse research efforts into
the future of IoT, taking the concept in
different directions
• Many of these increase scope of object count
and parameter type and number greatly into
the realm of Big Data (TB and beyond)
• BUT – What is the MARKET driving?

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 Main Markets
• Building Automation
• Industrial Automation
• Lighting
• Commercial Transportation / Fleet Mgmt
• Enterprise Asset Management
• Smart Cars
• Test and Measurement
• Energy Grid (Smart Grid)

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 Communications
• Optical – bar code, QR, OCR, bio
• Passive transponder – RFID
• PAN – ZigBee, BTLE, LoPAN, other 15.x
• WiFi (802.11x)
• ISM
• Cell (4G, 5G, 3GPP, CDMA, etc)
• Wired xxbaseT, CAN, others
• Others, “all of the above”
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 What to do with all this data??
• “to the Cloud!!”
• Big Data principles
• Privacy, security will be huge areas for
development
• Regulatory issues that must be met today and
in the future
• Sampling and Monte Carlo
• Trends, patterns
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 Growth Areas
• Sensors
• Product tracking from supply chain to end-of-
life
• Medical
• Auto
• Protocols and bridging between protocols
• What to do with data overload –
communications, analysis, storage
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 Autonomous Control
• Humans can be out of the loop
• Peer-to-peer
• Speed
• Environment

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 Reliability
• Failure can be catastrophic
• Known failure modes or “fail-safe”
• Toyota gas pedal

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Medical Example

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Three Major Areas of Development

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Just Some of the Communications
Protocols Involved

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Standards? Yeah, we got ‘em…

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 This Week’s Agenda

6/23 Background and Overview of IoT/IIoT

6/24 The Applications of IIoT

6/25 The Backbone of IIoT: IPv.6

6/26 The #1 IIoT Challenge: Security

6/27 IIoT: Where Do We Go From Here?

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 Please stick around as I answer
your questions!
• Please give me a moment to scroll back
through the chat window to find your
questions
• I will stay on chat as long as it takes to answer!
• I am available to answer simple questions or
to consult (or offer in-house training for your
company)
c.j.lord@ieee.org
http://www.blueridgetechnc.com
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