Mental Illness

Prevention and Control

Moderators:
Dr. Sadia
Dr. Sakhtivel
Dr. Farha
Dr. Shaighan

Presented by:
Zulquarnain
2012
 PRIMORDIAL
HEALTH
PROMOTION
PRIMARY
SPECIFIC
PROTECTION

PREVENTION EARLY
DIAGNOSIS
SECONDARY

TREATMENT

DISABILITY
LIMITATION
TERTIARY

REHABILITATION

1/12
 PRIMORDIAL PREVENTION
• Problem solving
• Good interpersonal
Techniques
relationship
• Life skill approach • Good Parenting Skills
• De stressing exercise

PRIMARY PREVENTION
RISK REMOVE THE
RISK MITIGATION POSSIBILITY THAT THE
IDENTFICATION DISEASE WILL OCCUR

TARGET GROUPS
Pregnant females Primary prevention operates on a community
Pre school children basis:
School going children -Improving the social environment
-Promotion of social, emotional and physical
Adolescent
well being.
Pre Employed
Elderly 2/12
 PRIMARY PREVENTION
Individual and family-related determinants of mental health:
Risk Factors Identification Risk Control
Hectic Life Schedule and Sedentary life style Meditation, Religious activities &
exercise
Academic failure and scholastic demoralization Good parenting

Family conflict or family disorganization Positive attachment and early bonding

Exposure to aggression, violence and trauma Stress and conflict management skills
(especially in case of childhood abuse) School Psychological counselor Support
Loneliness, Cultural Shock Pro-social behavior
Medical illness, Neurochemical imbalance, Medical / Surgical support
Disability
Substance abuse (access to drugs and alcohol) De addiction

Stressful life events Eg: death of spouse/ Divorce Social support of family and friends
etc. 3/12
Social, environmental and economic determinants of mental health:
Risk Factor Identification Risk Control
Lack of education, transport, housing Literacy and proper economic stability
Poor nutrition, Poverty Empowerment, Proper Nutritional care
Urbanization Safe Shared Places to interact
Violence and War Social responsibility and stable environment
Unemployment Literacy and skill development
Peer rejection Positive interpersonal interactions
Racial injustice and discrimination Ethnic minorities’ integration

Social Networking
• 23% of teens report that they are or have been the
target of cyber bullying ultimately leading to
depressive episode and other conduct disorders.
• Using social networking websites like Facebook,
twitter etc. For more than 2 hours in a day-may lead
to life style related diseases and mental disorders.

- National Institute of Mental Health (2012)

4/12
 Secondary Prevention
EARLY DIAGNOSIS TREATMENT
• Screening programs in
school, universities,
industry, recreation
centers, etc. for early
diagnosis of mental
illness.
• Screening of substance
abuse disorders
• Pay attention to warning
signs
• Get routine medical
checkup
• Don’t hesitate to ask for
help
• Pharmacological
• Psychotherapy, Group therapy
• Cognitive behavioral therapy
• Biofeedback therapy
• Creative therapy
-art therapy
-music therapy
-play therapy
• Electroconvulsive therapy
• VNS -Vagus Nerve Stimulation
• TMS -Trans cranial Magnetic
Stimulation
• Surgical
5/12
Secondary prevention in the Case Discussed

• Is made through symptoms and signs

• Symptoms & Signs-
Early •
•
Feeling of sadness
Social cutoff

Diagnosis •
•
Reduced Motivation
Helplessness
• Suicidal Tendency

• Pharmacological:
SSRIs(Selective Serotonin
Treatment Reuptake Inhibitors)-Fluoxetine

6/12
Warning signs (prodromal symptoms)
Seeing
confused, hearing
hard to things
cope with which are
life not there
Anxious, Seclusion,
find hard feeling of
to sleep or extreme
sleep more high and
than usual low
Changes in
Self
school inflicted
performance injuries,
hyperactivity Suicidal
conc. loss thoughts
7/12
TERTIARY PREVENTION
Family support

Disability Compliance towards

Counseling limitation long term
medications

De addiction
8/12
 Social and family Coping skills and activity of
support daily life and socializing

Workplace Support
accommodations employment

Community
residential Rehabilitation Institutionalization
services

Ecological:
Reduce potential stressors
And create social support

Individual centered:
Developing skills and
social interaction 9/12
 National Mental Health Programme

 Launched in 1982, presently covers 94 districts in India

Objectives: Programme Strategies:

 Availability and accessibility of
mental health care for all
 Encourage application of mental
health knowledge
 Promote community
participation
 Integration of mental health with
primary health care
 Provision of tertiary care
institution to provide mental
health services.
 Eradicating Stigmatization

Components of District Mental health Programme:

• Training programmes of all workers in identified nodal institute.
• Public education in mental health to increase awareness and reduce stigma.
• For early detection and treatment the OPD and indoor services are provided.
• Providing data and experience to state and center for further planning and actions.

10/12
11/12
Celebrities with mental disorders
M
e
l

G
i
b
s Howard
John Nash i Hughes
n
Michael
Phelps

Parveen Babi Heath Ledger

Kurt Cobain
12/12
Flu, Holiday
Njoyyyyy 
?

It is an odd paradox that a society, which can now speak openly and unabashedly about topics
that were once unspeakable, still remains largely silent when it comes to mental illness.
- Glenn Close