REVIEW EXPONENTIALS

Do problems: 174: 41, 43, 44

Simplify the following expressions:

1.  3x 3 1  x 3    3. 2  x 2   
1 1 3 1
2. 3x  1 3  63x  1 3 .
 2 1  

2  1  x3 2 . 2  2  x2 2

4. The air in a factory is being filtered so that the quantity of pollutant, P, (measured in mg/liter), is
decreasing exponentially. If 10% of the pollution is removed in the first five hours, what percentage of
the pollution is left after 12 hours?

5. One of the main contaminants of a nuclear accident, such as that at Chernobyl, is strontium-90,
which decays exponentially at a continuous rate of approximately 2.47% per year. Preliminary
estimates after the Chernobyl disaster suggested that it would be about 100 years before the region
would again be safe for human habitation. What percent of the original strontium-90 would still
remain by this time?

6. A Vermeer (1632-1675) picture contains 99.5% of its carbon-14 (half life 5730 years). From this
information can you determine whether or not the picture is a fake? Explain.

7. When you rent an apartment, you are often required to give the landlord a security deposit which is
returned if you leave the apartment undamaged. In Massachusetts the landlord is required to pay the
tenant interest on the deposit once a year, at a 5% annual rate, compounded annually. The landlord,
however, may invest the money at a higher (or lower) interest rate. Suppose the landlord invests a
$1000 deposit at an annual rate of:
(a) 6%, compounded, continuously (b) 4% compounded continuously.
In each case, determine the net gain or loss by the landlord at the end of the first y ear. (Give your
answer to the nearest cent.)

  9. Solve x 2  2 2  27 .
3
8. Simplify  3 3  .
3
3
 10. Graph y  1  33 x .
 

Solve each equation.

12. 33 2 x   23 x   1

2

11. 5 2 x 1  125 3 .
13. A deposit of $1600 is made. Interest is paid at an annual rate of 8% and interest is compounded
quarterly. Find the amount after 12 years.
3 n
 1
14. Find n lim  1   . 15. Solve e 3 x 2  e .
 n 
16. A deposit of $1000 is made. Interest is paid continuously at an annual rate of 7.5%. how much is
in the account after 7 years?

17. Find log9 27 . 18.graph y  1  log 2 x  1 .

19.Solve log2 x  4 . 20.Solve log x 64  2 .
21. Simplify e 3In 2 In 3 . 22.Solve log2 x  1  log2 x  3
23. Simplify log10 3log9 10 . 24. Solve 3x  90 .
25. If 24 g of a radioactive substance decays to 20 g in 10 years, how long will it take to decay 16 g?