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Reported illnesses have ranged from people with mild symptoms to people being severely ill and
dying.
Fever
Cough
Shortness of breath
Content:
Typical Symptoms
Pre-existing conditions
Typical Symptoms
COVID-19 typically causes flu-like symptoms including a fever and cough.
In some patients - particularly the elderly and others with other chronic health conditions - these symptoms can develop into
pneumonia, with chest tightness, chest pain, and shortness of breath.
After a week, it can lead to shortness of breath, with about 20% of patients requiring hospital treatment.
Notably, the COVID-19 infection rarely seems to cause a runny nose, sneezing, or sore throat (these symptoms have been
observed in only about 5% of patients). Sore throat, sneezing, and stuffy nose are most often signs of a cold.
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80% of cases are mild
Based on all 72,314 cases of COVID-19 confirmed, suspected, and asymptomatic cases in China as of February 11, a paper by the
Chinese CCDC released on February 17 and published in the Chinese Journal of Epidemiology has found that:
80.9% of infections are mild (with flu-like symptoms) and can recover at home.
13.8% are severe, developing severe diseases including pneumonia and shortness of breath.
4.7% as critical and can include: respiratory failure, septic shock, and multi-organ failure.
in about 2% of reported cases the virus is fatal.
Risk of death increases the older you are.
Relatively few cases are seen among children.
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Pre-existing conditions
See also: Death Rates by Existing Conditions (/coronavirus/coronavirus-age-sex-demographics/#pre-existing-conditions)
1. cardiovascular disease
2. diabetes
3. chronic respiratory disease
4. hypertension
That said, some otherwise healthy people do seem to develop a severe form of pneumonia after being infected by the virus. The
reason for this is being investigated as we try to learn more about this new virus.
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Findings from the Wang et al study published on JAMA and based on 138
hospitalized patients [2]
Common symptoms included:
(Wang et al study) [2]
Fever 98.6%
Fatigue 69.6%
Dry cough 59.4%
Findings from the Huang et al study published on The Lancet and based on
41 hospitalized patients [3]
COMMON SYMPTOMS
AT ONSET OF ILLNESS
(Huang et al study) [3]
Fever 98%
Cough 76%
Myalgia (muscle pain) 44%
or Fatigue
LESS COMMON SYMPTOMS:
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fever
cough
difficulty breathing
pneumonia in both lungs
In severe cases, infection can lead to death.
a cough
a high temperature
shortness of breath
The GOV.UK novel coronavirus guidance for the public (https://www.gov.uk/guidance/wuhan-novel-coronavirus-information-for-
the-public) page says:
Typical symptoms of coronavirus include fever and a cough that may progress to a severe pneumonia causing shortness of
breath and breathing difficulties.
The GOV.UK clinical guidance on Novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV): epidemiology, virology and clinical features
(https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/wuhan-novel-coronavirus-background-information/wuhan-novel-coronavirus-
epidemiology-virology-and-clinical-features) notes that:
Fever, cough or chest tightness, and dyspnoea are the main symptoms reported. While most cases report a mild illness,
severe are also being reported, some of whom require intensive care.
Australian Government
The Australian Government Department of Health informs that symptoms can range from mild illness to pneumonia, adding that
some people will recover easily, while others may get very sick very quickly. According to their list of novel coronavirus symptoms
(https://www.health.gov.au/health-topics/novel-coronavirus-2019-ncov#symptoms), people may experience:
fever
flu-like symptoms such as coughing, sore throat and fatigue
shortness of breath
"nCoV may present with mild, moderate, or severe illness; the latter includes severe pneumonia, ARDS, sepsis and septic
shock."
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Novel Coronavirus Worldometer Sections:
Coronavirus Update (/coronavirus/)
Symptoms (/coronavirus/coronavirus-symptoms/)
Sources
1. Symptoms of Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) (https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/about/symptoms.html) - United
States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
2. Clinical Characteristics of 138 Hospitalized Patients With 2019 Novel Coronavirus–Infected Pneumonia in Wuhan, China
(https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/2761044?guestAccessKey=f61bd430-07d8-4b86-a749-bec05bfffb65) -
JAMA, Wang et al., February 7, 2020
3. Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China
(https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(20)30183-5/fulltext) - Huang et al., The Lancet. January
24, 2020
4. Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive
study (https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(20)30211-7/fulltext) - Chen et al, The Lancet,
January 30, 2020
5. Report of the WHO-China Joint Mission on Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) (https://www.who.int/docs/default-
source/coronaviruse/who-china-joint-mission-on-covid-19-final-report.pdf) [Pdf] - World Health Organization, Feb. 28, 2020
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