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Alicia Tjin / Sec 4-2

November 15, 2013


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Application of Electromagnet
Electric Bells
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Electromagnet
An electromagnet is a type of magnet which it’s magnetic field is produced
by electric current, which also means that the field disappears when the current is
turned off (open circuit). Electromagnet is widely used in electrical devices such
as motors, generator, buzzer, MRI machines, loudspeakers ,etc.
When an electric current flows in a wire, it creates a magnetic field around the wire, the strength of the
magnetic field is proportional to the amount of current flowing through it. The field is aligned according to the
right-hand grip rule. To form an electromagnet to a “core”, the magnetic field is concentrated by wounding the
coil into many turns of wire (the more, the stronger the field is) making a straight tube called a solenoid (basically
a pipe). Much stronger magnetic field can be produced if a “core” of a ferrous material is placed inside the coil
such as a soft iron.
Application of Electromagnet : Electric Bells
Many objects around you uses electromagnet to function such as your speakers, telephone, buzzer, fire/
burglar alarm, MRI machines, etc. Electric bells is one of the application of electromagnet in our daily life.
Electric bells have been widely used in telephones, fire/burglar alarms and even your school bell that rings every
period ends.
!
Layout for a simple electric bell circuit:

Electric bells are typically designed to function


on low voltages ranging from 10V to 24V, AC or
DC. When electric current is applied, the
hammer hits the gong repetitively as it produces
a repetitive buzzing or clanging sound. This
happens because of the circuit repetitively open
and close in view of the fact that the electro-
magnet is in place.

PHYSICS FINAL PROJECT ALICIA/SEC4-2 USES OF ELECTROMAGNETIC


How Electric Bells Work
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1. When the switch is on, the circuit is completed
and current flows through the circuit. Hence, the
electromagnet becomes magnetized and makes a
magnetic field
2. The electromagnet attracts the metal arm and
at the same time, pull the hammer to strike the
gong
3.The arm hits the gong, which makes the sound
4.As soon as the hammer moves toward the elec-
tromagnet, the circuit is broken (open), the cur-
rent stops flowing and the electromagnet lose it
magnetism. This cause the metal arm to pull back
and the circuit is closed again
5.When the metal arm pulls back, the electro-
magnet regain its magnetism and pull the arm to strike the gong again
6. The cycle repeats and the bell rings continuously as long as the switch is on

PHYSICS FINAL PROJECT ALICIA/SEC4-2 USES OF ELECTROMAGNETIC

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