University of Santo Tomas

Faculty of Civil Law

Law on Natural Resources
Quiz No.1

Write your Student No. on this Questionnaire. This will be collected when classes resume.

Multiple Choice Questions (One point each)

1. Under R.A. No. 9275 or the Clean Water Act, what principle is involved when Congress declared
illegal certain acts such as discharging into bodies of water such wastes which could cause damage and
penalizing such unlawful discharge by way of fines:
A. Polluter Pays Principle
B. Precautionary Principle
C. Principle of Preventive Action
D. Principle of Cooperation
2. The fundamental right to a healthy environment is a
A. constitutional right found under the Bill of Rights
B. constitutional right under the Declaration of Principles and State Policies
C. statutory right found under any environmental law
D. natural right
3. Which best defines environmental justice?
A. It includes implementation of environmental statutes which distinguishes the rights of the rich
and the poor.
B. It encompasses the rights of the people considering their differences in race, color and ethnic
origin.
C. It deals with both environmental protection and social justice under a rule of law without
distinction to race, color, sex or ethnic origin.
D. It deals only on procedural matters and not the substantive aspects of the law in question.
4. Which of the following is NOT viewed as an ill effect of mining?
A. Soil erosion and flash floods
B. Siltation of bodies of water
C. Pollution due to mine tailings
D. Increase in income of the local governments
5. This legal instrument which was enacted during the period of Martial Law recognizes that the
environment is a matter of government responsibility aimed to launch a comprehensive environmental
protection and management.
A. Forestry Code
B. National Integrated Protected Areas System Act
C. Philippine Environmental Policy
D. National Caves and Cave Resource Management and Protection Act
6. This law recognizes the state’s crucial responsibility to adopt a systematic and comprehensive
management of garbage:
A. Sanitation Code
B. Building Code
C. Toxic and Hazardous Waste Act
D. Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of 2000

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7. Citizens as stewards of creation have a vital role to play in the protection of the environment. What is
the underlying basis why we are expected to undertake this obligation?
A. The citizens will greatly benefit from the appropriate utilization of resources.
B. The citizens are expected to obey all environmental laws to avoid penalties.
C. The citizens, both natural born and naturalized, are mandated to appreciate the bounties of
Mother Nature.
D. The citizens must not worry about the unlimited supply of natural resources.
8. This special administrative agency is charged with the determination of the existence of pollution:
A. Pollution Adjudication Board
B. Lupong Tagapamayapa
C. Environmental Management Bureau
D. Land and Transportation Office
9. Can a mining company insist that there is an impairment of its contract with the government when the
DENR decides to suspend mining operations as a result of momentous soil erosion and flash floods in the
area?
A. Yes, because its rights are already vested in the Mining Permit.
B. Yes, because they are paying the required fees to government.
C. No, because the grant of a mining permit is not a right but only a privilege.
D. No, because like Mother Nature, DENR knows what is best.
10. Under the Mining Act of 1995, who are ABSOLUTELY not allowed to work in the mining site:
A. Any one below 18 years old
B. Anyone below 16 years old
C. Any female person
D. Any senior citizen
11. This legislation mandates that Congress shall recognize the critical importance of protecting the
country’s diverse natural resources in the environment and shall from time to enact laws in order to
protect them.
A. People’s Small Scale Mining Act
B. Plant Quarantine Act of 1978
C. National Integrated Protected Areas System Act of 1992
D. Strategic Environment Plan for Palawan Act
12. Which of the following areas has not been declared as a protected area?
A. Tubbataha Reefs
B. Mt. Banahaw
C. Mt. Apo
D. Mountain Province
13. The primary objective of this law is to regulate the exploration, development and utilization of all
mineral resources in both public and private lands without utilizing machineries and equipment.
A. People’s Small Scale Mining Act
B. Philippine Mining Act of 1995
C. Indigenous Peoples Right Act
D. National Caves and Cave Resource Management Act
14. Which of the following is not an objective of the Wildlife Resources Conservation and Protection
Act?

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 A. to conserve and protect wildlife species and their habitats (Section 2 [a])
B. to encourage the trade of prolific wildlife species
C. to lay down the framework for the regulation of collection and trade of wildlife (Section 2 [b])
D. to support scientific studies involving the conservation of biological resources. (Section 2 [d])
15. This law recognizes the dangers of air pollution and the need for a clean habitat and environment.
A. Code on Sanitation of the Philippines
B. Philippine Clean Air Act
C. Toxic Substances and Hazardous and Nuclear Wastes Control Act
D. Philippine Climate Change Act
16. This law is also treated as an environmental law as it protects ancestral domains of tribal
communities.
A. National Caves and Cave Resource Management Act
B. Indigenous Peoples Rights Act
C. People’s Small Scale Mining Act
D. National Economy and Patrimony
17. This is considered a new development in the field of environmental law as it declares that the state
shall “systematically integrate the concept of climate change in various phases of policy formulation,
developmental plans, poverty reduction strategies and other developmental tools and techniques by all
agencies and instrumentalities of the government.”
A. An Act Creating the Climate Change Commission
B. Philippine Climate Change Act of 2009
C. Climate Change Response Act
D. Climate Change Risk Reduction Act of 2009
18. In pursuing a project in an area considered as critical under P.D.1586, which is not compulsory?
A. Undertake an Environmental Impact Assessment (Section 2)
B. Consultation with stakeholders or the affected community
C. Providing subsistence to stakeholders so they will not complain about the project (Section 4)
D. Review of the EIA as an input to issuance of ECC (Section 9)
19. Which of the following agency is tasked to issue the Environmental Clearance Certificate?
A. Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources
B. HLURB for housing projects
C. LTFRB for bus terminals
D. Environmental Management Bureau
20. For purposes of obtaining an ECC, which among the following is not considered as resource
extractive industry?
A. Logging
B. Mining
C. Quarrying
D. Fishpond
21. Which of the following is not considered as an environmentally critical area?
A. watershed reserves
B. wildlife preserves
C. coral reefs
D. museum
22. This agency is primarily charged with the implementation of the Philippine Mining Act:

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 A. Central Bank
B. Bureau of Mines and Mining Resources
C. Mines and Geosciences Bureau
D. Pollution Adjudication Board
23. This government agency plays a critical role in the implementation of the Clean Air Act insofar as
monitoring the quality of air that we breathe and it has set up stations to measure the degree of pollution.
A. Department of Energy
B. Local Government Units
C. Department of Transportation
D. Department of Environment and Natural Resources
24. Which of the following will constitute an offense of killing and destroying wildlife?
A. when the act performed is part of a religious ritual of a tribal group
B. when the act performed is part of the affiliation rites in a community mortgage program
C. when wildlife is afflicted with incurable communicable disease
D. when use of wildlife is authorized in a research project
25. Which of the following will NOT constitute an offense under the Wildlife Resources Conservation
and Protection Act?
A. burning and dumping in critical habitats
B. conducting scientific research in critical habitats
C. Logging in critical habitats
D. Squatting in critical habitats

1. The principle of international cooperation places an obligation on states to prohibit activities

within the state’s territory that are contrary to the rights of others states which could harm other
states or their inhabitants.
2. Article II, Section 16 of the 1987 Philippine Constitution: Section 16. The State shall protect and
advance the right of the people to a balanced and healthful ecology in accord with the rhythm and
harmony of nature.
3. .
4. .
5. Section 2. Goal. In pursuing this policy, it shall be the responsibility of the Government, in
cooperation with concerned private organizations and entities, to use all practicable means,
consistent with other essential considerations of national policy, in promoting the general welfare
to the end that the Nation may (a) recognize, discharge and fulfill the responsibilities of each
generation as trustee and guardian of the environment for succeeding generations, (b) assure the
people of a safe, decent, healthful, productive and aesthetic environment, (c) encourage the
widest exploitation of the environment without degrading it, or endangering human life, health
and safety or creating conditions adverse to agriculture, commerce and industry, (d) preserve
important historic and cultural aspects of the Philippine heritage, (e) attain a rational and orderly
balance between population and resource use, and (f) improve the utilization of renewable and
non-renewable resources.
6. Section 2. Declaration of Policies. -- It is hereby declared the policy of the State to adopt a
systematic, comprehensive and ecological solid waste management program which shall: (a)
Ensure the protection of public health and environment; (b) Utilize environmentally-sound
methods that maximize the utilization of valuable resources and encourage resources
conservation and recovery; (c) Set guidelines and targets for solid waste avoidance and volume
reduction through source reduction and waste minimization measures, including composing,
recycling, re-use, recovery, green charcoal process, and others, before collection, treatment and

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 disposal in appropriate and environmentally sound solid waste management facilities in
accordance with ecologically sustainable development principles (d) Ensure the proper
segregation, collection, transport, storage, treatment and disposal of solid waste through the
formulation and adoption of the best environmental practices in ecological waste management
excluding incineration; (e) Promote national research and development programs for improved
solid waste management and resource conservation techniques, more effective institutional
arrangement and indigenous and improved methods of waste reduction, collection, separation and
recovery. (f) Encourage greater private sector participation in solid waste management; (g) Retain
primary enforcement and responsibility of solid waste management with local government units
while establishing a cooperative effort among the national government, other local government
units, non-government organizations, and the private sector; (h) Encourage cooperation and self-
regulation among waste generators through the application of market-based instruments; (i)
Institutionalize public participation in the development and implementation of national and local
integrated, comprehensive and ecological waste management programs; and (j) Strengthen the
integration of ecological solid waste management and resource conservation and recovery topics
into the academic curricula of formal and non-formal education in order to promote
environmental awareness and action among the citizenry.
7. .
8. .
9. Republic v. Roosemore Mining and Development Corporation, G.R. No. 149927, 30 March
2004: A mining license that contravenes a mandatory provision of the law under which it is
granted is void. Being a mere privilege, a license does not vest absolute rights in the holder. Thus,
without offending the due process and the non-impairment clauses of the Constitution, it can be
revoked by the State in the public interest.
10. .
11. Section 2: Declaration of Policy
Cognizant of the profound impact of man’s activities on all components of the natural
environment particularly the effect of increasing population, resource exploitation and industrial
advancement and recognizing the critical importance of protecting and maintaining the natural,
biological and physical diversities of the environment notably on areas with biologically unique
features to sustain human life and development, as well as plant and animal life, it is hereby
declared the policy of the State to secure for the Filipino people of present and future generations
the perpetual existence of all native plants and animals through the establishment of a
comprehensive system of integrated protected areas within the classification of national park as
provided for in the Constitution.
12. .
13. Section 2. Declaration of Policy. - All mineral resources in public and private lands within the
territory and exclusive economic zone of the Republic of the Philippines are owned by the State.
It shall be the responsibility of the State to promote their rational exploration, development,
utilization and conservation through the combined efforts of government and the private sector
in order to enhance national growth in a way that effectively safeguards the environment and
protect the rights of affected communities.
14. .
15. Section 2. Declaration of Principles. - The State shall protect and advance the right of the people
to a balanced and healthful ecology in accord with the rhythm and harmony of nature. The State
shall promote and protect the global environment to attain sustainable development while
recognizing the primary responsibility of local government units to deal with environmental
problems. The State recognizes that the responsibility of cleaning the habitat and environment
is primarily area-based. The State also recognizes the principle that "polluters must pay". Finally,

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 the State recognizes that a clean and healthy environment is for the good of all and should
therefore be the concern of all.
16. Section 2 (b): The State shall protect the rights of ICCs/IPs to their ancestral domains to
ensure their economic, social and cultural well-being and shall recognize the applicability
of customary laws governing property rights or relations in determining the ownership
and extent of ancestral domain;
17. Section 2. Declaration of Policy: Cognizant of the need to ensure that national and sub-
national government policies, plans, programs and projects are founded upon sound
environmental considerations and the principle of sustainable development, it is hereby
declared the policy of the State to systematically integrate the concept of climate change
in various phases of policy formulation, development plans, poverty reduction strategies
and other development tools and techniques by all agencies and instrumentalities of the
government.
18. .
19. Environment Management Bureau website
20. Summary List of Environmentally Critical Project (ECP) Types as declared by PD 2146 of 1981.
21.

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