Innovation Models

LAHORE COLLEGE FOR WOMEN UNIVERSITY, LAHORE
SCHEME OF STUDY
BBA (4-Year) Business Administration
2016-2020
STRUCTURE OF SCHEME OF STUDY
Nature of Courses Numbers of Course Credits Hours

Compulsory Courses 06 16
Foundation Courses 05 15
General Courses 04 12
Minor Courses 07 21
Major Courses 18 54
Elective 04 12
Internship 01 06
Total 44 136
YEAR-1
SEMESTER-I
Course No Course Title Credits
CC/Eng-108 Literary Reading and Grammar Syntax 3
CC/Isl-101 Islamic Education/Ethics (For Non-Muslim) 2
CC/Phil-101
Maj/MGT-101 Financial Accounting-I 3
Maj/MGT-102 Introduction to Management 3
Maj/MGT-103 Business Ethics 3
Min/CS-101 IT in Business-I 3(2+1)
Total Credits 17
SEMESTER-II
CC/Eng-109 Basic Study and Writing Skills 3
CC/PS -101 Pakistan Studies 2
Maj/MGT-104 Financial Accounting-II 3
Maj/MGT-105 Business Communication and Technical Writing 3
Min/Eco-102 Micro Economics 3
Min/CS-103 IT in Business-II 3(2+1)
Total Credits 17
YEAR-2
SEMESTER-III
CC/Eng-204 English Verse and Communication Skills I 3
Maj/MGT-201 Introductory Business Mathematics 3
Min/Eco-201 Macro Economics 3
Maj/MGT-202 Marketing Management 3
Maj/MGT-203 Business Law 3
Min/Psy-202 Introductory Psychology 3
Total Credits 18
SEMESTER-IV

CC/Eng-204 Communications Skills II 3
Maj/MGT-204 Introductory Business Statistics 3
Min/MGT-203 Pakistan Economy 3
Min/Phil-204 Logic & Argument 3
Maj/MGT-205 Cost Accounting 3
Total Credits 15
YEAR-3
SEMESTER-V

Maj/MGT-301 Statistical Inferences 3
Maj/MGT-302 Research Methods for Business 3
Maj/MGT-303 Organizational Behavior 3
Maj/MGT-304 Entrepreneurship 3
Min/MGT-301 Introduction to Sociology 3
Total Credits 15
SEMESTER-VI

Maj/MGT-305 Financial Management 3
Maj/MGT-306 Money and Banking 3
Maj/MGT-307 Human Resource Management 3
Maj/MGT-308 E-Commerce 3(2+1)
Maj/MGT-309 Innovation Management 3
Min/MGT-302 Managerial Economics 3
Total Credits 18
YEAR-4
SEMESTER-VII

Maj/MGT-401 Supply Chain Management 3
Maj/MGT-402 Strategic Management 3
Maj/MGT-403 Financial Institutions 3
Min/CS-401 Management Information System 3(2+1)
EC/Mkt-401 International Marketing
EC/Fin- 401 Corporate Finance
3(2+1)
EC/Hrm-401 Performance Management
(Choose Any One Specialization)
EC/Mkt-402 Sales management
EC/Fin- 402 Financial reporting and Analysis
3(2+1)
EC/Hrm-402 Organizational Change and Development
(Choose Any One Specialization)
Total Credits 18
SEMESTER-VIII

Maj/MGT-404 Project Management 3
Min/MGT-402 International Relations and Current Affairs 3
EC/Mkt-403 Consumer Behavior
EC/Fin- 403 Investment & Portfolio Management 3(2+1)
EC/Hrm-403 Strategic Human Resource Management
EC/Mkt-404 Advertising and sales Promotion
EC/Fin-404 Taxation Management 3(2+1)
EC/Hrm -404 Training and Development
INT - 450 Internship 6
Total Credits 18
Note: Internship will be offered after 6th semester and viva will be conducted in 8th semester.
Total Credit Hours: 17+17+18+15+15+18+18+18=136

Department of Management Sciences
Syllabus BBA Program
Year – 1 (1st Semester)
Course Title: Financial Accounting-I
Course Code: Maj/MGT-101
Course Objective:
Introduce students accounting fundamentals with a view to understand the technicalities of

the accounting cycle. Develop an understanding of the financial statements and their
analysis. Illustrate how the information needed by the users of accounting information could
be gleaned from the financial statements. Develop a broad overview of the subject.
Learning Outcomes:
After the completion of this course the students will be able to understand the basic
principles of both financial accounting and management accounting and their applications.
Acquire the knowledge and techniques which will assist students in the performance of both
financial and management accountancy functions in industry and commerce. Acquire the
basic skills necessary for the pursuit of a recognized accountancy qualification.
Module Titles:
1. Accounting Information: A means to an end, Accounting from a User’s perspective,

Types of accounting information, Accounting systems, determining information needs,
the cost of producing accounting information, basic functions of an accounting system.
2. Decision making by external parties: external users of accounting information,
objectives of external financial reporting, characteristics of externally reported
information, Decision making by internal parties: internal users of accounting
information, objectives of management accounting, characteristics of management
accounting information, Integrity of accounting information.
3. Basic financial Statements: Statement of financial position: Balance sheet, assets,
liabilities, Owner’s equity, the accounting equation, and the effects of business
transactions: illustrations, Effects of business transactions on the accounting equation.
4. Income Statement, Statement of cash flows: Relationships among financial
statements, Forms of business Organization: Sole proprietorships, Partnerships,
Corporations, Reporting ownership equity in the balance sheet, the use of financial
statements by outsiders: the need for adequate disclosure, Management’s interest in
financial statements.
5. The Accounting Cycle: Capturing Economic Events: The role of accounting records:
Ledger, The use of accounts, Debit and Credit entries, Double entry accounting, and
Recording transactions in ledger accounts: Examples and case studies.
6. The Journal: Posting journal entries to the ledger accounts: Net Income: revenue,
expense, the accrual basis of accounting, debit and credit rules for revenue and expense,
investments and withdrawals by the owner : Illustrations
7. The Accounting cycle, the trial balance, uses and limitations of trial balance, Adjusting
Entries: a step in accounting cycle, preparing financial statements: The income
statement, the statement of owner’s equity, the balance sheet, the statement of cash
flows, closes temporary equity accounts, after closing trial balance.
8. Adjusting entries: Types of adjusting entries, adjusting entries and accounting
principles, the concept of materiality, effects of adjusting entries, drafting notes that
accompany financial statements, the work sheet, uses of work sheet.
9. Accounting for Merchandising Activities: Merchandising companies, the operating
cycle of a merchandising company, income statement, what accounting information does
a merchandising company need, General Ledger accounts, and Subsidiary ledgers.
10. Approaches used in accounting for merchandising transactions: Perpetual inventory
systems, periodic inventory systems, Transactions related to purchases: credit terms and
cash discounts, transactions related to sales: sales returns and allowances, sales discounts
delivery expenses, accounting for sales taxes
Text Books/Readings:
1. Walter Meigs & Robert Meigs, Accounting the Basis for Business Decision, Eleventh
Edition, McGraw-Hill, Inc (Latest Edition)
2. Meigs and Meigs, Accounting for Business Decision, Latest Edition
3. Frank Wood’s: Business Accounting 1, Latest Edition
4. William J. Bruns, Accounting concepts and cases
5. Professor Muhammad Ammanullah Khan: Financial Accounting, Latest Edition.
Course Title: Introduction to Management
Course Objective:
Develop the role and significance of managers and management. Introduce the basic
theories, techniques, and tools used in various areas of management, and to illustrate them
with examples from the business world. Develop analytical and decision-making skills in
business situations. Emphasis will be on the integration of basic management skills for
understanding and resolving business problems
Learning Outcomes:
The course encompasses the theoretical and practical aspects of business and management
which students will encounter in life. Conceptually, it offers focus areas and perspectives
ranging from the planning of a small business to the broader roles of management, finance,
employment relations, marketing and the impact of the global business environment.
Through the incorporation of contemporary business theories and practices the course
provides rigor and depth and set an excellent foundation for students in future employment.
Module Titles:
1. Introduction to Management. What is meant by Organization, The management

Process, what Managers Actually do, work methods, managerial roles, managerial
knowledge, skills and performance, managerial job types, managing in the twenty-first
century.
2. The History and evaluation of Management, Classical viewpoint, behavioral view
point, Quantitative management viewpoint, contemporary viewpoint
3. Environment and organizational culture: Understanding Competitive Environments
and organizational cultures, types of external environments, analyzing environmental
conditions, managing environmental elements, the internal environment.
4. Decision Making: Managerial decision making, managers as decision makers, steps in

effective decision making process, overcoming barriers to effective decision making
process, managing diversity, establishing organizational goals and plans, the overall
planning process, the nature of organizational goals, linking goals and plans,
management by objective
5. Strategic Management: Basics of Strategic Management, Strategic management
process
6. Organizational Structure: Basic elements of organizational structure, types of
departmentalization, methods of vertical coordination: role of formalization, span of
management, methods of horizontal coordination, strategic organizational design
7. Motivation: Communication, Leadership, Team Building, Change management and
innovation, organizational life cycles, motivation, need theories, cognitive theories,
reinforcement theory social learning theory, how leaders influence others, searching for
leadership traits, identifying leader behavior, developing situational theories, managerial
communication and interpersonal processes
8. Controlling: Control as management function, the control process, level of controls,
types of controls, managerial approaches to implementing controls, assessing control
systems
1. Stephen P. Robbins & Mary Coutler, Management, International Edition.

2. K M Bartol, & DC MARTIN, Management, International Edition, New York:
McGraw-Hill,Inc, Latest Edition
3. W B Werther, and K Davis, Personnel Management and Human Resources, New
York: McGraw-Hill, Inc., Book Company, Latest Edition
Course Title: Business Ethics
Course Objective:
The course promotes ethical decision making and develops the student’s capacity to analyze
and argue the ethical dimensions.
Learning Outcomes:
The course will facilitate students to deal with ethical principles and moral problems that
arise in a business environment. This course is applied to all aspects of business conduct and
is also relevant to the conduct of individuals and entire organizations. It promotes the skills
to recognize and resolve ethical issues in business. Business ethics has both normative and
descriptive dimensions. As a corporate practice and a career specialization, the field is
primarily normative.
Module Titles:
1. Man, Matter, and Mortality
2. Introduction, Importance and Principles of Business Ethics, Code of Ethics, Theory
of Ethical Relativism, Moral Developments and Moral Reasoning.
3. Moral Responsibility, Utilitarianism Universalizability & Reversibility.
4. Contemporary Issues in Business Ethics.
5. Ethical Values and Economic System of Islam, Halal and Haram.
6. Behavior of an Ethical Firm.
7. Ethics & the Environment
8. Ethics of Care-Utility and Conservation, the Ethics of Consumer - Production and
Marketing, Contractual theory of business, The Due Care Theory
9. Advertising Ethics, Types of advertising, Advertising and Self-Regulation,
Advertisers’ Deception, Evil Practices in Business, Ethical Standards in International
Scenario.
 “An Introduction to Business Ethics” by Mian Muhammad Akram

 Business Ethics: A Stake holder and Business Management Approach by
Joseph.W.Weiss ((Latest Edition).
 “Business Ethics”(Latest Edition) Pearson Prentice hall publication By Manuel
G. Valasquez.
 George Chryssides and John Kaler, “Essential of Business Ethics”. McGraw-
Hill London (Latest Edition).
 O.C. Ferrell & John Fraedrich. “Ethical Decision Making and Cases”, New
York Houghton Mifflin.
Course Title: IT in Business-I
Course Code: Min/CS-101
Course Objective:
This is the elementary course of computer sciences to give an introduction of computer

fundamentals and commonly used application programs as Word, Excel, Power point and
Access in an interesting, logical and informative manner. Main focus of the lab work will be
on Excel and Access
Learning Outcomes:
The student will be able to:

 Explain the functions of a computer.
 Determine the scope and applications of computers in industry.
 Evaluate appropriate applications for commonly available software used in
computer systems.
 Evaluate appropriate applications for commonly available peripherals used in
personal computer systems.
 Demonstrate the ability to operate a personal computer.
 Analyze the computer needs of a selected workplace situation to specify computer
system components appropriate to the requirements of that situation.
Module Titles:
1. Introduction: Definition and characteristics of computers, Evolution of computers,

Computers generations and Classifications.
2. Input Devices: Keyboard, Pointing and Draw Devices, Source data entry &
Scanning Devices, Voice recognizing Devices, Visio-Input System.
3. Output Devices: Monitors, Printers, Plotters, Multimedia Projector and Voice
Response Systems.
4. Basic Computer Organization: Input unit, Output Unit, Storage Unit, ALU,
Control Unit and CPU.
5. Processor and Memory: The Central Processing Unit, Machine cycle, Processor
Evolution, System clock, Main Memory Organization, Memory Capacity, RAM,
ROM, Cache Memory, and Registers.
6. Number Systems: Non-positional number systems, Positional Number systems and
Conversion from one number system to another, Fractional Numbers.
7. Computer Codes: BCD code, EBCDIC code and ASCII code, Collating Sequence.
8. Computer Arithmetic: Binary Arithmetic: Addition, Subtraction, Division and
Multiplication.
9. Storage Devices: Sequential and Direct access Storage Devices, Magnetic Disk,
Optical Disk, Removable Storage Devices and Storage Hierarchy.
Final project:
Microsoft Office: Microsoft Word, Microsoft Power Point and Microsoft Excel
I. MS Excel
a. Create workbook and spread sheet using different formula, functions.
b. Charts: How to Sort Data in Excel, Create an Excel Chart, Move and Resize your
Chart, Chart Styles and Layouts, Chart Titles and Series Titles, Chart Layout Panel,
The Format Chart Panel, Create a Pie Chart in Excel, Format Pie Chart Segments,
Create a 2D Line Chart, Format your Axis Titles
c. Conditional logic in excel: IF function, CountIF function, Conditional formatting,
SumIF function
d. Data Analysis in excel: Data Analysis in spread sheet, Basic sort, Auto filter, Creating
subtotal, Pivot Table, Goal seeking and data validation
II. MS Word
a. Creating a Basic Document: The Word Environment, Get Help Using Word, Enter
Text, Save a New Document, 7 Previews a Document, Print a Document.
b. Editing and Formatting Document: Navigate in a Document ,Insert Text ,Select
Text ,Create an AutoText Entry ,Move and Copy Text ,Delete Blocks of Text ,Undo
Changes ,Find and Replace Text. Change Font and Size, Apply Font Styles and Effects,
Change Text Color, Highlight Text, Copy Formats, Clear Formatting, Find and Replace
Text Formatting. Set Tabs, Change Paragraph Alignment, Indent Paragraphs, Add
Borders and Shading, Apply Styles, Create Lists, Change Spacing Between Paragraphs
and Lines.
c. Proofing a Document: Use the Thesaurus, Check Spelling and Grammar, Create a New
Default Dictionary, Check Word Count, Modify a Document in Print Preview.
d. Adding Tables :Create a Table ,Enter Data in a Table ,AutoFormat a Table ,Convert
Text to a Table
e. Inserting Graphic Elements: Insert Symbols and Special Characters, Insert a Clip Art
Picture, Add a Watermark.
f. Controlling Page Appearance: Set Page Orientation, Change Page Margins, Apply a
Page Border, Add Headers and Footers, Insert a Page Break.
g. Managing Lists: Sort a List, Restart a List, Create an Outline Numbered List, And
Customize List Appearance.
h. Customizing Tables and Charts and Formatting: Sort a Table, Modify Table
Structure, Merge or Split Cells, Position Text in a Table Cell, Apply Borders and
Shading, Perform Calculations in a Table, Create a Chart from a Word Table, Modify a
Chart. Modify Character Spacing, Add Text Effects, Control Paragraph Flow.
i. Working with Custom Styles: Create a Character or Paragraph Style, Modify an
Existing Style, Create a List Style, and Create a Table Style.
j. Modifying Pictures: Set Picture Contrast or Brightness, Crop a Picture, Wrap Text
around a Picture.
k. Creating Customized Graphic Elements: Draw Shapes and Lines, Insert WordArt,
Insert Text Boxes, Create Diagrams.
l. Controlling Text Flow: Insert Section Breaks, Insert Columns, and Link Text Boxer.
Run a Macro, Create a Macro, Modify a Macro, Customize Toolbars and Buttons, Add
Menu Items.
m. Automating Document Creation: Create a Document Based on a Template ,Create a
Document by Using a Wizard ,Create or Modify a Template Change the Default
Template Location ,Insert a Macro Button Field in a Template.
n. Performing Mail Merges: The Mail Merge Process, Perform a Merge on Existing
Documents, Merge Envelopes and Labels, Use Word to Create a Data Source.
III. MS Power Point
a. An Orientation to PowerPoint and Presentation: The PowerPoint Environment,

Orientation to Views ,Navigate Through a Presentation ,Edit Slide Text ,Save the
Presentation ,Run a Slide Show. Create a New Presentation, Change Background Color,
Add Slides to a Presentation, Enter Text, Create a Presentation from a Microsoft Word
Outline.
b. Formatting Text Slides adding tables: Apply Character Formats, Align Text, Change
Line Spacing, and Change Indents. Create a Table, Format Tables; Insert a Table from
Microsoft Word.
c. Charting Data: Create a Column Chart, Edit Chart Data, Change Chart Type, and Insert
a Chart from Microsoft Excel.
d. Modifying Objects: Resize Objects, Copy and Duplicate Objects, Move Objects,
Changing Object Orientation, Format Objects, Group and Ungroup Objects, Change the
Order of Objects.
e. Adding Images to a Presentation: Add Clip Art, Add a Picture from a File, Draw
Lines and Shapes, Insert WordArt.
f. Preparing to Deliver a Presentation : Spell Check ,Arrange Slides ,Add Transitions
,Create Speaker Notes ,Send a Presentation to Microsoft Word ,Print the Presentation
,Package a Presentation for CD.
g. Creating a Custom Design Template: Define Design Template Characteristics, Create
a Custom Color Scheme, Set Up a Slide Master, Format Custom Bullets, Add Footer,
Modify the Notes Master, Save a Custom Design Template.
h. Adding Organization Charts and Diagrams: Working with Organization Charts,
Update an Organization Chart, Applying a Chart Layout, Create a Diagram, Draw a
Flowchart.
i. Adding Special Effects: Add Sound and Movies, Add Animation, Emphasize Objects,
Set a Motion Path, Set the Order of Effects.
j. Creating Web Presentations: Create a Group Home Page with the AutoContent
Wizard, Hyperlink to a Web Page, Publish as a Web Page.
k. Collaborating in PowerPoint: Set Password Protection, Work with Comments, Send a
Presentation for Review, Merge Revision Copies, And Apply Reviewer Changes.
l. Delivering a Presentation: Hyperlink Within PowerPoint, Add an Action Button, Set
Up a Custom Show, Annotate a Presentation, Working with Narrations and Slide
Timings, Set Up a Slide Show to Repeat Automatically.
1. “Introduction to Computers” by P.K. Sinha.

2. “Computers for Beginners” by V.P. Jaggi, Sushma Jain.
3. “Computer and Computer Applications” by Neville J. Ford.
Year – 1 (2nd Semester)
Course Title: Financial Accounting-II
Course Objective:
The objective of this course is to discuss advance topics after completion of course I of
financial accounting. Topics include accounting of assets, accounts receivables, plant and
equipment and liabilities of business sector.
Learning Outcomes:
Understand and describe the appropriate books of account for different types of accounting
transactions and be able to prepare a trial balance from these books of account. To prepare
and maintain a range of control accounts appropriate to the books of account. To prepare
journal entries and deal with the treatment of suspense account items. Understand, calculate
and interpret a range of basic financial ratios appropriate to a set of financial statements,
particularly in the key areas of profitability, solvency/liquidity, asset utilization and
investment ratios.
Module Titles:
1. Forms of business organization: sole proprietorships, partnerships, corporations:

accounting practices of sole proprietorships, partnerships and corporations: accounting
for corporate income taxes, salaries paid to owners, owner’s equity in corporate balance
sheet, the issuance of capital stock, retained earnings, accounting for dividends.
2. Financial Assets: Cash, reporting cash in the balance sheet, the statement of cash flows,
cash management, internal control over cash, cash disbursements, bank statements,
reconciling the bank statement, petty cash funds, The cash budget as a control device
3. Plant asset and Depreciation, Intangible Assets: Major categories of plant assets,
accountable events in the lives of plant assets: acquisition of plant assets, Depreciation:
Straight line method, The declining balance method, MACRS: the tax method, disposal
of plant and equipment, intangible assets: amortization, goodwill, patents, trademarks,
franchises, copyrights, natural resources
4. Liabilities Common to Most Business Organizations: Current Liabilities, Long-Term
Liabilities, special types of liabilities, evaluating the safety of creditor’s claims,
estimated liabilities, loss contingencies, and commitments
5. Stockholder’s Equity statement: Measuring Corporation Income, Reporting unusual
Items, Earnings Per Share, Cash Dividend, Treasury Stock, Stock Split;
6. Measuring Cash Flows: Statement of Cash Flows and Classification of cash flows,
preparation of Cash Flows.
1. Walter Meigs & Robert Meigs, “Accounting the Basis for Business Decision”,
McGraw-Hill, Inc, Latest Edition
2. M. Arif & Sohail Afzal ,”Accounting an intuitive approach”, Azeem Academy
3. William J. Bruns, Accounting concepts and cases,
Course Title: Business Communication and Technical Writing
Course Objectives:
The objective of the course is to equip students with skills that will enable them to
communicate clearly and concisely in diverse business situations. The course will
emphasize on determining objectives and on developing a logical argument before
presenting the message in an appropriate format. The course has two components: written
and oral communication. Written communication will cover planning, structure, and stylistic
issues. Specifically, students learn to write memos and letters, proposals, short and long
reports, procedure and policy documents. The oral communication section will cover
planning and execution of effective presentations, group behavior, and planning.
Learning Outcomes:
This course will help students to:

 Use English skills competently, accurately and appropriately in a variety of
business communication scenarios.
 Understand the principles of business communication, and be able to use the
most suitable medium in given situations.
 Identify the most common barriers to successful communication and how they
can be overcome.
Module Titles:
1. Importance of Effective Business Communication: components of

communication, concepts and problems of communication, nonverbal
communication
2. The Seven C’s of Effective Communication: completeness, conciseness,
consideration, concreteness, clarity, courtesy, and correctness.
3. The Process of Preparing Effective Business Messages: planning steps, basic
organizational plans, beginning and ending, composing the message, the appearance
and design of business messages: business letters, Memorandums, good news
message and bad news message.
4. Essential and Non-Essential Parts of Business Letters. Styles of letter writing.
5. Short Reports: informational Memorandum reports, analytical memorandum
reports and letter reports – informational and analytical
6. Long Formal Reports: Prefatory sections, supplemental sections, presentation of
the long report, proposals
7. Credit Refusal and Collection Letters: Organizational plan, analysis of example
letters and practice (class work and home work)
8. Persuasive Letters/Memo: Persuasive letters/Memo, Organizational Plan, AIDA
analysis of examples letters and practice (Class work and home work)
9. Sales Letter: Sales Letters, Organizational plan, analysis of example letters and
practice (Class work and home work)
10. Strategies for Successful Speaking and Successful Listening: improving oral
presentation, strategies for successful informative and persuasive speaking.
11. The Job Application Process- the written job Presentation: self-assessment, market
assessment, Resume, cover letter to Resume. Interviews and follow-up: successful
preparation for the job interview, successful follow up message after the interview,
successful negotiation
Books Recommended (Latest Editions)
1. Hert A. Murphy & Herbert W. Hildebrandt , Jane P. Thomas, Effective Business

Communications, Latest Edition McGraw-Hill International Editions
2. Business Communication by Mary Munter Maryann V. Piotrowski, Effective
Business Writing: Strategies, Suggestions and Examples
3. Helen Cunningham, Brenda Greene, The Business Style Handbook: An A-to-Z
Guide for Writing on the Job with Tips from Communications Experts at the
Fortune 500
4. The Business Communication Handbook by Judith Dwyer
5. Basic Business Communication by Lesikar and Flatley
Compulsory Readings:
1. Economic and Business Review (DAWN)

2. Pakistan and Gulf Economist (PAGE)
Course Title: Micro Economics
Course Code: Min/Eco-102
Course Objective:
The objective of this course is to provide the students a good understanding of principles of
Micro Economics and its relevance with the business world.
Learning Outcomes:
After completing the program the student should be able to:
 Define the problem of scarcity, opportunity cost, the functioning of free market,
command and mixed economies and the difference between macroeconomics and
microeconomics.
 Describe and interpret the basic theory of consumer behavior and demand including the
concept of utility, the law of diminishing marginal utility, the distinction between
Giffen, inferior and normal goods, the distinction between substitute and complementary
goods, the difference between individual and market demand, and the notion and
measurement of elasticity (own-price, cross and income elasticity).
 Employ the theory of supply from a fundamental understanding of costs; define the
difference between the short-run and the long-run; differentiate between fixed, sunk and
variable costs; derive marginal, average and total costs; understand the nature and
relevance of economies and diseconomies of scale and the concept of elasticity of
supply.
Module Titles:
1. The principals of Economics: How people make decision.

 How people interact.
 How the economy as a whole works
2. The market forces of supply and demand
 Markets and Competition.
 Demand.
 Supply.
 Supply and demand together
3. The Costs of Production
 What is cost.
 Production and cost.
 The various Merasures of cost.
 Short and long run cost.
4. Externalities
 Externalities and the market inefficiency.
 Private solution to externalities.
 Public policy towards externalities
5. Firm in Competitive Markets
 Meaning of competition
 Profit maximization and competitive firm’s supply curve
 Supply curve in competitive market
6. Monopoly and Oligopoly
 Why monopolies arise
 How monopolies make production and pricing decisions
 Welfare cost of monopolies
 Between monopoly and perfect competition
 Market with only a few sellers
 Game theory and Economics of Cooperation
7. The Markets for the Factors of Production
 The Demand for Labor
 The Supply of Labor
 Equilibrium in the Labor Market
 The other factors of production
 Land and Capital
Books Recommended
1. Principle of Economics By N. Gregory Mankiw

2. An Introduction to Positive Economics (latest edition) By Richard G.Lipsey &
K.Alec Chrystal
3. Micro Economics Theory and Application (latest edition) By G.S.Maddala &
Ellan Miller
4. Modern Economic theory By K.K.Dewett
5. A.Koutsoyiannis, Modern Microeconomics, 2nd edition, Macmillan press
limited, 1979.
Course Title: IT in Business-II
Course Objective:
This is the extension of previous IT course. This course will connect computer sciences with
business. It will develop the know-how of some software used in businesses as Paint, Net
for project design, HTML for web designing. It will also give the brief introduction of
online businesses. Main focus of the lab work will be on PAINT.NET and HTML.
Learning Outcomes:
The student will be able to:

 Explain the importance of computers in daily life and business.
 Determine the role of internet in improving business operations and what are the
technicalities in starting online businesses.
 Evaluate appropriate applications for commonly available software used in computer
systems.
 Describe and develop information systems. They will be able to automate the
offices.
 Analyze market opportunities by learning effective use of internet and can use
computer technology in making advertisements.
 Consider the appropriate use of computers in business within ethical barriers and
constraints.
Module Titles:
1. Computers in everyday life: (Banking, Investing, Shopping, Communication, etc.:

Case Studies: Computers in Banking, Investing, Shopping, Communication (Using
Latest Technology), Class Exercises, Spider Magazine 2013 Reading – Class
Discussions.
2. Product Design: LABs on Paint.Net, Product/Magazine/Poster design (Brand
Activation Concept Designing).
3. Internet and the E-Commerce: A detailed description of the Internet and World Wide
Web, home pages, helper applications and multimedia content, streaming technology,
electronic mail (e-mail), newsgroups, file transfer protocol (FTP), Consumer e-
commerce, Business e-commerce, Online vs. Brick and Mortar, Secure web pages,
followed by a class exercise, OSI (Open system interconnection) model.
4. Information Systems: Basics of Information Systems, Purpose of Information Systems,
Types of Information Systems (Office Automation System, Transaction Processing
System, Management Information System, Decision Support System, Expert System),
Information System Departments, Role of IS Managers.
5. Marketing of Product: LABs on HTML (web designing), Creating and Designing your
own product web page. Class exercises/games on updated computer technology in
Business.
6. Ethical Issues: Computers in Business, social issues positive or negative with the use of
computers.
7. Project: students are required to make the project based on IT application. Students
required selecting an organization to implement the IT system. Submission of written
document and Presentation will be taken at the end of semester.
1. Computer Fundamentals by Peter Norton, Latest Edition.

2. Introduction to Computers by P.K. Sinha.
3. Introduction to Computers by William, Saywer, and Hutchinson.
Year – 2 (3rd Semester)
Course Title: Introductory Business Mathematics
Course Objective:
This course is built upon the mathematical concepts, principles and techniques that are useful in
business management. The main objectives of the course are to enhance students‟ competency
in application of mathematical concepts in solving business management problems and to
improve their level of quantitative approach.
Learning Outcomes:
Upon the successful completion of this course, you should be able to grasp the topics of:
 Mathematical Function
 Building and solving linear and quadratic equations
 Types of functions
 Matrices and its applications
Module Titles:
1. Use of Ratios, Proportion and Percentages in real world scenarios: Introduction to

ratios, types, solution, use and scope in business environment. Proportion: Types,
solution, use and scope in business environment, Percentages: solution, use and scope
in business environment.
2. Equations: Basic Concept, Operations on an Equation, Statement Problems,
Simultaneous Equations: Form, Solutions of Simultaneous Equations, Equations with
three unknowns, Two Equations in three unknowns, Statement Problems in two
unknowns.
3. Linear Equations: Characteristics of Linear Equation, Graphical characteristics, writing
of the linear equation: Slope-intercept form, slope and point formula, two point formula,
determining the equation of a Straight Line Linear Equations involving more than two
variables.
4. Non Linear equations and their applications
Non Linear Functions- Introduction: Quadratic Functions, Characteristics and Their
Applications, Polynomial Functions.
5. Graphs of Algebraic Functions: Rectangular co-ordinates, Graph of an Equation,
General Equation of a straight line, Graphical solution of a straight line, Graphical
solution of Simultaneous Equations, Graphs of second and higher degree equations,
Graphical solution of a Quadratic Equation.
6. Derivatives-Functional notation, derivatives of functions, determination of Maxima,
Minima and point of inflection and their application.
7. Mathematics of Finance I – Percentage, Simple Interest and Simple Discount:
Percentage Mark-up, Simple Interest and Present value, Simple Discount, Discounting
Negotiable Instruments, Application: Numerical Questions and Statement Problems.
8. Mathematics of Finance II – Compound Interest
Section A – Compound Amount: Definitions, Compound amount formula, Use of
Compound Interest Tables, Number of Periods and Interest Rate, Effective Rate of
Interest, Equivalent Rates, Depreciation by Reducing Balance Method, Application:
Numerical Questions and Statement Problems.
Section B – Present Value at Compound Interest: Present Value Formula, Application
on discounting interest bearing notes, Numerical Questions and Statement Problems
1. Frank S. Budnick, Applied Mathematics For Business, Economics And The

Social Sciences, McGraw-Hill, INC. 1993
2. Mirza Mohammad Hasan & Mohammad Ali Mirza, Business Mathematics Third
Edition For Students of Finance & Management Farooq Kitab Ghar
3. Edward T. Dowling, Shaum's Outline Series : Theory and Problems of
Mathematical Methods For Business and Economics, McGraw-Hill International

Course Title: Macro Economics
Course Code: Min/Eco-201
Course Objective:
The objective of this course is to provide the students a good understanding of principles of
Macro Economics and explain its relevance and importance to the students of business
world.
Learning Outcomes:
After completing the programme the student should be able to explain the determination of
the equilibrium levels of national income in terms of the simple Keynesian macroeconomic
model. Describe the functions of money and the role of the banking system in the creation
of money. Explain the relationship between the money supply, growth and inflation.
Understand and interpret the main objectives of government macroeconomic policy and the
rationale for the various policies used to achieve these objectives. Employ the aggregate
supply and demand model to analyze the likely effects of fiscal and monetary policy upon
output, employment, the price level, and the balance of payments. Explain the fundamental
principles of comparative advantages and specialization and their relevance to international
trade. Explain the terms of trade, balance of trade and balance of payments accounts.
Module Titles:
1. An introduction to macroeconomics: What is macroeconomics? Why do we need

macroeconomics? Key macroeconomic phenomena: output and income, employment,
unemployment and the labor force, Inflation and the Price level, the interest rate, the
balance of payments, cycles and trends.
2. Measuring macroeconomic variables: Natural output concepts, National Income
accounting: gross domestic product, interpreting national income measures
3. Introduction to the theory of national income determination: Key assumptions, what
determines aggregate expenditure? Equilibrium national income, changes in national
income.
4. National income in an open economy with government: Government spending and
taxes, net exports, equilibrium national income, the income- expenditure approach, the
augmented saving-investment approach, changes in aggregate expenditure.
5. National income and the price level in the short run.
6. Exogenous changes in the price level, equilibrium national income and the price level,
changes in national income and the price level.
7. National income and the price level in the long run: Induced changes in factor prices, the
Long run consequences of aggregate demand shocks, National income in the short and
long run.
8. The nature of money and monetary institutions: The nature of money, what is money,
the origins of money, modern money, monetary institutions and markets.
9. The role of money in macroeconomics: The supply of money and the demand for
money, monetary equilibrium and aggregate demand, aggregate demand, the price level,
and national income.
10. The balance of payments and exchange rates: The balance of payment accounts, the
meaning of payments balances and imbalances, the determination of exchange rates.
11. Inflation: Inflation in the macro model, supply shocks, Demand shocks, the Philips
curve with respect to short run and long run.
12. Business cycles: Characteristics of business cycles, theories of the cycles, cyclical
controversies.
1. Mc Connell & Brue, Economic, Mc Graw Hill, Inc (Latest Edition)

2. An Introduction to Positive Economics By R.G.Lipsey and K.A.Chrystal,
ELBS 1995
3. Samuelson and Nordhaus, Economics, McGraw Hill, New York. (Latest
Edition)
4. Dornbusch and Fischer Macroeconomics, McGraw Hill, New York. (Latest
Edition)
Course Title: Marketing Management
Course Objective:
Primary goal is to develop expertise for solving marketing issues in business. Develop
Strategy for promoting and right placement of products. Interpret relevant, micro and
macro-level indicators, apply marketing “rules”, develop marketing plan, and make
adjustments based on the market feedback.
Learning Outcomes:
The student should be able to:
 Demonstrate knowledge of the evolution of the marketing concept; be able to contrast

with the production, product and sales oriented business philosophies from which it has
evolved. To gain an insight into its likely future development, particularly in relation to
global, technological and ethical dimensions.
 Identify the main tasks and concepts associated with marketing planning and the
marketing management process and to be able to formulate, implement, manage,
monitor and control marketing policies and plans.
 Identify the micro and macro environmental factors and the internal company factors,
such as structure, organization and culture that may impact on company’s marketing
effectiveness, in both a domestic and international context.
 Appreciate that marketing is just as importantly applied within an organization as it is
without, and that ‘internal marketing’ programs can be effective in helping to create the
right corporate ‘spirit’ and ‘culture’ in order to achieve true customer focus and
marketing orientation.
Module Titles
1. Assessing Marketing’s Role in Organizational Performance: Doing business in 21st

century, what is marketing? The core concepts, marketing management, company
orientations toward the market place, the rapid adoption of marketing management
2. Winning Markets through Market oriented strategic planning: The nature of high
performance businesses, Corporate and division strategic planning, business strategic
planning, the marketing process, Product planning: the nature and contents of a
marketing plan
3. Managing Marketing Information and Measuring Market Demand: What is marketing
information system?, internal records system, marketing intelligence system, marketing
research system, marketing decision support system, an overview of Forecasting and
demand measurement.
4. Market segmentation, segmenting consumer markets and business markets: Target
market strategies, Positioning and positioning strategy.
5. Product Mix: Product mix strategies: The product lifecycle, Planned Obsolescence and
fashion.
6. Managing Brands and branding strategies, Packaging and packaging strategies,
Labeling, Design, color and quality of a product.
7. Designing pricing strategies and programs: Price VS Non price Competition, Market
entry strategies, Discounts & Allowances
8. Managing Retailing and Wholesaling: Its Nature and Importance, Classification of
Retailers, Non-store retailing. Types of Wholesalers, Strategic use of Physical
distribution, Physical distribution management.
9. Managing Advertising, Sales promotion and Public relations: Developing different
advertising campaigns, Organizing for advertising and understanding the scope of sales
promotion and public relations.
1. Philip Kotler, Marketing Management, Millennium Edition. A south Asian

Perspective. (13th Edition)
2. William J. Stanton, “Markting”, 13th Edition.
3. Jegdesh Sheth and Dennis E. Garrett: Marketing Management: A
Comprehensive Reader, South Western Publishing.
Course Title: Business Law
Course Objective:
The objective of this course is to provide the students a background in important aspects of
law, and keep them informed regarding changes and developments in the law.
Learning Outcomes:
The student will acquire the knowledge and understanding of:
 The legal environment in which businesses operate in the domestic and international
market place.
 Practical application of the principles and concepts of the system of justice within
the business community.
 Practical implications of the law of business.
Module Titles:
1. Contract and its kinds: Introduction, definition, essentials, kinds, and the
difference among types of contract.
2. Offers and Acceptance: Definition, Essentials and termination of offer and acceptance.
Effect of loosing letter of acceptance.
3. Consideration and Object: Definition, essentials, and exceptions of consideration.
doctrine of privity of contract, Unlawful consideration and objects.
4. Capacity of Parties: Minor, persons of unsound mind, Disqualified persons.
5. Free Consent: Introduction, and definition of consent and free consent. Definition and
effects of Coercion, undue influence, Misrepresentation, Fraud, Mistake.
6. Discharge of Contract: Discharge by performance, Discharge by agreement, Discharge
by subsequent impossibility, Discharge by lapse of time, Discharge by operation of law,
Discharge by breach of contract.
7. Indemnity and Guarantee: Contract of Indemnity, Contract of Guarantee, Kinds of
Guarantee, Rights of Surety, Discharge of Surety from Liability.
8. Bailment and Pledge: Contract of Bailment, Pledge or Pawn
9. Contract of Agency: Agent and Principal, Essentials of Agency, Kinds of Agents,
Creation of Agency, Duties of Agent, Rights of Agent , Rights of Principal, Termination
of Agency
10. Contract of Sale of Goods: Definition, and Essentials of sales of good, Distinction
between sale & agreement to sale, kinds of good, effect of perishing of goods, fixation of
price.
11. Conditions and Warranties: Definition and distinction of conditions and warranty,
express and implied conditions and warranty.
12. Transfer of Property: Rules of Transfer of Property, transfer of title by non- owner.
13. Rights of unpaid seller: Definition, features and rights of unpaid seller. Buyer's rights
against seller. Auction sale.
14.Negotiable Instruments: Nature of Negotiable Instruments, Definitions of Parties of
Negotiable Instruments, Presentation of Negotiable Instruments, Definition of
negotiation, Assignment and Endorsement, Dishonor of Negotiable Instruments by Non-
Acceptance and Non-Payment.
1. Khalid Mahmud Cheema, Business Law, Syed Mobin Mahmud & Co., 1999
2. Khawaja Amjad Saeed: Mercantile and Industrial Law in Pakistan
Course Title: Introductory Psychology
Course Code: Min/Psy-202
Course Objective:
The course will provide an insight and understanding of the discipline of Psychology. It
highlights the importance of Psychology in everyday life, helping the students acquire a new
vision of their own and others behavior while sharpening their observation.
Learning Outcomes:
A primary objective of the "introductory" course is simply that: To introduce students to the
subject matter of the discipline and to familiarize them with the vocabulary and concepts of
human psychology. Psychology is the study of human experience: the thoughts, feelings,
and behaviors that we experience as we interact with our world. In this course students will
see how research has been applied to test intuitive assumptions about human life. They will
find that many of their beliefs about human existence are scientifically supported; but they
will also find many beliefs are refuted by the evidence.
Module Titles
1. Introduction to Psychology: Introduction & Definition of Psychology, Schools of

Psychology, Areas of specialization within Psychology
2. Methods of Psychological Research: Observation, Experimentation, Case Study,
Survey
3. Perception: Nature & definition of perception, Factors of perception
4. Learning: Classical conditioning and Operant Conditioning
5. Memory: Definition & processes of memory (encoding, storage, retrieval), Stages of
memory (sensory, short term, long term memory), Measurement of memory
6. Cognition: thinking and reasoning, Problem solving
7. Motivation: Nature of motivation, Classification of motives, Measurement of motives
8. Emotion: Definition & aspects of emotion, Theories of emotion, Measurement of
emotion.
9. Health Psychology: stress and coping, psychological aspects of illness and well-being,
promoting health and wellness.
1. Bano, S. (2012). A textbook of psychology. Lahore. She publishers.

2. Feldman, R. S. (2005). Understanding psychology (7th ed). New York: McGraw Hill
3. Shahnaz, R. (2011). An approach to psychology. Lahore: Bukhari printing press
Year – 2 (4th Semester)
Course Title: Introductory Business Statistics
Course Objective:
The objective of this course is to provide basic knowledge of Statistics to students so as to

prepare them for advanced work in quantitative business analysis and interpretation of
business problems.
Learning Outcomes:
At the conclusion of this course, the student will be able to grasp the following topics:
 Data description and data presentation in a business environment;

 Measures of Central Tendency and Dispersion
 Basic probability concepts and probability distributions as an aid to business
decision making.
 Regression and correlation
Module Titles:
1. Introduction: Meaning of Statistics, Characteristics of Statistics, Descriptive and

Inferential Statistics, Population and samples, Statistics application in business
2. Data condensation and Presentation: Variables, Data, Tabulation, Frequency
Distribution, Cumulative Frequency Distribution, Graphical Representation, Simple Bar
Chart, Multiple Bar Chart, Component Bar Chart, Rectangles and Sub-divided
Rectangles
3. Measures of Central Tendency for grouped: The Arithmetic Mean, The Geometric
Mean, The harmonic mean, The Median, , The Mode, Quantiles
4. Measures of Dispersion: Range, The Semi Inter Quartile Range, The Quartile
Deviation, The Mean deviation, The Variance and Standard Deviation, Relative
Dispersion
5. Probability, Combination and Permutation: Introduction, Sets, Venn Diagram,
Operation on sets, Successive event principles, permutation of all or parts elements of
the set, permutation of the objects ranged in circle, Combination, Addition rules of
probability, Conditional Probability, Multiplication rule of probability
6. Binomial Probability Distribution: Introduction, Discrete Random Variable, Binomial
frequency Distribution and its properties.
7. Normal distribution: Introduction, standardized normal distribution and its properties,
Tabulated areas of Normal Distribution, inverse use of table of areas under normal curve
8. Regression and Correlation: Scatter Diagram, Simple Linear Regression Model,
Least- squares estimates in simple linear Regression, Pearson Product Moment
Correlation Co-efficient
1. David, S Moore et.al, Introduction to the Practice of Statistics 6th Edition WH

Freeman.
2. Levin I. Richard., Statistics for Management, 4th ed; McGraw Hill.
3. Prof. Sher Muhammad Chaudhry, Introduction to Statistical Theory,Ilmi Kitab
Khana
4. David R. Anderson , Dennis J. Sweeney & Thomas A. Williams, Contemporary
Business Statistics with Microsoft Excel, South –Western College Publishing
Thomson Learning
5. Albert C. Ovedovitz, Business Statistics In Brief, South –Western College
Publishing Thomson Learning
Course Title: Pakistan Economy
Course Code: Min/MGT-203
Course Objective:
The objective of this course is to provide the students with in depth knowledge of Pakistan
economy. Students will also be given a general overview of the diverse features, conditions
and problems of the country. At the end of the course, the students should be able to have a
perspective on policy matters regarding pertinent problems in developing countries.
Learning Outcomes
After the completion of this course, students would be able to
 Develop knowledge of economic crisis of under developing countries like Pakistan,

 Understand how economic concepts can assist in formulating and evaluating
economic policy in developing countries to solve economic crisis
Module Titles
1. Economic Development and its determinants: Meaning and definition of

Economic Development, Distinction between Economic Development and
Economic Growth. Measurement of Economic Development. Nature and
Characteristics of a developing economy like Pakistan.
2. Characteristics of developing economics: Main obstacles to Economic Growth,
Remedial measures for Economic Development in Pakistan.
3. Economic resources of Pakistan: Capital formation(Meaning of capital formation,
sources of capital formation), Natural resources(Mineral resources in Pakistan,
Energy situation in Pakistan, Water crisis), Human resources(Human capital and
their role in economic development, unemployment, measurement and categories of
unemployment , causes and remedial measurement to control unemployment)
4. Agriculture Sector of Pakistan: Classification of crops, Major and minor crops,
role of agriculture sector in economic development, Causes of low yield per acre
problems faced by agriculture sector
5. Industrial sector of Pakistan: SME and large industries in Pakistan, Reasons of
industrial backwardness, Industrial policy
6. Foreign Trade and economic development: Characteristics of foreign trade,
reasons of adverse balance of payment, Major imports & exports, Trade policy
7. Fiscal and Monetary Policy: Objectives and tools of fiscal policy,
Federal/Government budget, Inflation and types of Inflation, Monetary policy, Role
of State Bank of Pakistan, Tools of monetary policy,
8. Infrastructure: Ports and shipping, Roads, Railways, Pakistan’s communication
networks, Pakistan International Airlines
9. Economic Planning in Pakistan: Meaning and types of economic planning,
Objectives of economic planning
1. Agha Tahir Ijaz, Economics of Pakistan

2. Saeed, Amjad Khawaja: Economy of Pakistan
3. Malik, Sohail, Economy of Pakistan
4. Hussain, Ch.M. Economic Theory
5. Pakistan Economic Survey (Various issues)
Course Title: Logic and Argument
Course Code: Min/Phil-204
Course Objective:
This subject is designed to enable the students to gain basic idea of logic. The course will
provide students the knowledge about Logical factors. A logical student can develop a
comfortable solution of business and commerce problems.
Learning Outcomes:
This course will enable students to understand different horizons of logic pertaining to ins
and outs of thoughts, argumentation, beliefs, fallacies, categorical syllogism, ambiguities
and behavioral aspects of developing and evaluating logic.
Module Titles:
1. Introduction to Logic: Definition, Logic as a Science and an Art, Deduction and

Induction, Truth and Validity, Relationship with Psychology, Grammar and
Metaphysics, Scope of Logic, Value and Use of Logic, Logic Bass, Types of Logic
(Formal, Informal, Symbolic).
2. Consistency and Beliefs: Three basic functions of Language, Kinds of Agreement and
Disagreement.
3. Thought and Agreement: The Laws of Thoughts, Terms, Difference between Terms
and Words, Premises and Conclusions.
4. Logical Definitions: Five purposes of Definition, Verbal disputes and definition, five
types of Definition, Rules for Definition by Genus and Difference.
5. Testing for Consistency and Validity: Informal Fallacies, Fallacies of Relevance,
Fallacies of Ambiguity, Fallacy of Presumption, The avoidance of Fallacies.
6. Symbolic Logic: Conjunction, Negation, Disjunction, Punctuation, Conditional
Statement and Material Implications.
7. Categorical Syllogisms and Venn Diagrams: Universal Affirmative, Universal
Negative, Particular Affirmative, Particular Negative.
8. Traditional Square of Opposition
9. Experiments and Survey: Mill's Methods of Experimental Inquiry, Methods of
Agreement, Methods of Difference, and Joint Method of Agreement and Difference,
Methods of Residues and Methods of Concomitant Variation.
Books Recommended (Latest Editions)
1. Irving M. Copi (1996) Introduction to Logic, (Latest Edition)

2. Karamat Hussain, A Textbook of Deductive Logic.
Course Title: Cost Accounting
Course Objective:
The course is designed to emphasize the importance of cost accounting to the performance
and success of any level of management in both problem identification and problem solving.
Learning Outcomes:
After studying this course student will be able to understand:
 The importance of Cost Accounting as a first step in the Manufacturing Process.

 The steps involved in the Accumulation of Total Cost in different departments.
 Cost data for the decision making of the higher management.
 Product costing preparation and process costing analysis.
 Cost of production and cost of goods sold statements for onward reporting to
financial statements.
Module Titles:
1. The concept of Management, The Framework for Planning and Controlling

Management Activities.
2. The Nature of Cost Accounting, Scope of Cost Accounting, The Cost Department,
Relationship to other Departments, Sources of Cost Accounting Data
3. Financial Statements: The bases for Planning and Control: The Reporting Function,
Financial Statements in the Annual Report, Evaluating Annual Results to Orient the
Outsider and Insider, The Flow of Costs.
4. Planning and Control Models, Cost and Profit Analysis, Operations Research,
Government and Private Organizations Influencing Cost Accounting Principles and
Practices, Cost of Goods Sold Statement
5. Costs: Concepts, Uses, and Classifications: The concept “Cost”, uses and importance of
cost data, Classifications of Costs, Factors Influencing Responsible Cost Control, Cost
Accounting Standards Board
6. The Cost Accounting System: Design and Operation: Fundamentals of a Cost
Accounting Information System, Chart of Accounts, Data Processing by means of the
Journal Voucher, Control System, Cost Accounting Cycle, The Factory Ledger,
Electronic Data Processing.
7. Job Order Costing: Cost systems: Actual or Standard, Cost Accumulation Procedures:
Job Order or Process.
8. Process Costing: Cost of Production Report, Lost Unit Calculations: Characteristics and
Procedures of Process Costing, Costing by Departments, Product flow, Procedures for
Materials, Labor and Factory Overhead Costs.
1. Cost Accounting Planning and Control by Matz, Usry latest edition

2. Hilton, Horngren: Cost Accounting
3. Garrison H. Ray, Noreen W. Eric (2004) latest edition Managerial
Accounting,Irwin

Course Title: Statistical Inferences
Course Code: Maj /MGT-301
Course Objectives:
The main objectives of the course are to enhance students’ competency in application of
statistics to solve business management problems and to improve their level of quantitative
sophistication for further advanced business analysis.
Learning Outcomes:
After completing this course, the students will be able to understand various sampling
techniques, estimation procedures, various distribution tests which would help them in the
research methodology.
Module Titles:
1. Sampling and Sampling Distributions: Introduction to sampling, Probability

sampling, Non probability sampling.
2. Testing Hypothesis: Introduction to hypothesis testing, Null or alternative
hypothesis, Type-I and Type-II errors, General procedure for testing hypothesis,
Tests based on normal distribution about Mean when variance is known and when
unknown, testing hypothesis about difference between two population means, testing
hypothesis about a population proportion with large sample size, testing hypothesis
about difference between two populations, relationship between confidence interval
and tests of hypothesis.
3. The Students t- Distribution: introduction to t-distribution, confidence interval
estimates of mean from small sample, testing hypothesis about mean of normal
population when variance is unknown and sample size is small, testing hypothesis
about difference of means of two normal populations with unequal variances, testing
hypothesis about difference of means of two normal populations with equal
variances, testing hypothesis about two means with paired observations.
4. The Chi- Square Distribution: Introduction, Confidence interval estimate of a
variance population, testing hypothesis about variance of a normal population,
testing hypothesis about p’s of the multinomial distribution, Pearson’s Chi-square
test for Goodness of fit.
5. F- Distribution and Statistical Inference: introduction of F-distribution,
confidence interval for the variance ratio, testing hypothesis about the equality of
two variances.
6. Analysis of Variance: Introduction, one way analysis of variance, two way analysis
of variance
1. Prof. Sher Muhammad Chaudhry, Statistical Inference ,Ilmi Kitab

Khana
2. Dr. Afzal Beig & Miraj Din Mirza, Statitical Inference, The Carvan Book House.
1996
Course Title: Research Methods for Business
Course Objectives:
This course is designed to give an overview of the principles and methods of business
research: identification of research question, development of theoretical framework and
model, securing the respondents, making a test investigation, sampling, collecting data,
types and errors of collected data, tabulating and analyzing the information, interpreting the
findings and stating the conclusion through a series of class projects. Practical experience is
offered to the students on how research techniques and procedures are applied to solve the
business problems. The course will also help the students in understanding the importance
of the business research as a management decision tool and in dealing with various
business-related theoretical and applied problems.
Learning Outcomes:
On completion of this course students will be able to
 Recognize the importance of research as a first step in Business Studies.

 Translate basic/applied business issues into appropriate academic research questions.
 Understand the links between the issues being investigated and the method of
investigation.
 Use SPSS software for statistical analysis and interpretation
 Understand and apply the skills required to design and conduct research studies
using quantitative methods.
 Acquire the ability to interpret research results and establish the substantive meaning
and implications of the findings for managerial practice.
Modules Titles:
1. Defining Research, Business research, types of research---- Applied and basic research,
Manager and research, The manager and the consultant researcher, Knowledge about
research and managerial effectiveness, Ethics and Business research.
2. The hallmarks of scientific research, The hypothetico-Deductive Method, Alternative
approaches to research.
3. The broad problems area, preliminary information gathering, research proposal,
managerial implications, ethical issues in preliminary stages of investigation.
4. Literature survey, reasons for literature survey, conducting the literature survey, writing
up the literature survey or the literature review, Problem definition, managerial
implications, ethical issues.
5. The need for a theoretical framework, types of variables, The theoretical frame work,
hypothesis development, managerial implications
6. The research design, Purpose of the study, types of investigation, extent of researcher
interference with the study, Study settings, Unit of analysis, time horizon of study,
managerial implication.
7. Measurement of Variables, Operational definition, international dimensions of
operationalization
8. The four types of scales, Rating Scale, Ranking Scale, Goodness of measure, Validity
and Reliability.
9. Sources of Data, Data Collection Methods, Questionnaires and Questionnaire Design,
Structured and Unstructured interviews, Observational Studies, Multi methods and multi
sources of data collection, setting where from data are collected, international
dimensions of surveys, Managerial Implications, Ethics in data Collection.
10. Sampling, Population, Element, Population Frame, Sample, Subject, Sampling, Reasons
for sampling, Representative of the sample, probability Sampling, Non Probability
Sampling, Sampling in cross cultural research, issues of precision and confidence in
determining sample size, Precision and confidence Trade off, Sample Data and
hypothesis Testing, Sample Size, Efficiency testing, Sampling in Qualitative Studies,
Managerial Relevance.
11. Data Analysis and Interpretation, Preparing data for Analysis, Data analysis and
interpretation, use of several data analytic techniques, Descriptive Statistics, Inferential
Statistics
Final Project:
Topic chosen for research should be focused and narrowed down for research from broad
problem area. Final Project should be based on application of complete research process.
Research project should incorporate following contents:
4. Creative and Interesting Title

5. Introduction (Identifying the Theme, Significance of Study, Identification of
Research Question)
6. Literature Review (Providing Background and Context of Study, Evidence
from studies addressing the Selected Problem for the Research)
7. Theoretical Framework
8. Research Design
9. Data Analysis and Discussion
10. Recommendation and Conclusion
Note: Your sources must be reputable and reliable. Text should follow APA format.
1. Research Methods for Business by Uma Sekaran Latest Edition
2. Business research methods by Donald. R. Cooper, Pamela S Schindler
3. Davis Cobenra Business Research for decision Making.
Course Title: Organizational Behavior
Course Objective:
Familiarize students with basic organizational behavior concepts, issues, and techniques.
Help students begin developing diagnostic framework for the analysis of organizational
behavior problems and issues in organizations. Provide students the opportunity to work in
groups and apply the group dynamics theory and team concepts being covered in this
course.
Learning Outcomes:
After successful completion of this course, the student will;
 Clearly understand the meaning and nature of organizational behaviour and its
importance and relevance to management in a dynamic and changing world.
 Demonstrate in-depth knowledge and understanding of people within organizations
through analysis of the individual processes at work.
 Understand the nature of groups and group processes. Key principles and practices
of management should be related to effective leadership and the resolution of
conflict within organizations.
 Appreciate the nature of interpersonal processes as they impact on people and work
performance. Relevant processes include motivation and the creation of job
satisfaction.
 Learn to manage stress at work by knowing the major causes of stress.
 Understand how leaders are different from others and how they can apply their
leadership skills at work.
 Learn how to exercise power in their designated domains.
Module Titles:
1. Introduction to basic concepts of Organizational Behavior: Functions, Roles and

Skills of management, contributing disciplines of OB, Obsolutes in OB, Challenges &
opportunities for OB, OB model.
2. Foundations of Individual behavior, values and personality: Biographical
characteristics, Ability, Learning, Theories of Learning, reinforcement, Organizational
applications of learning theory. Values, its importance & types, Values across cultures,
Attitudes, its types, Cognitive dissonance theory, Job satisfaction, Effects of satisfaction
on employee performance, Job satisfaction & organizational citizenship, job satisfaction
and customer satisfaction
3. Motivation from a new perspective: Review of Motivation theories, Contemporary
issues of motivation, Motivation from concept to application, Applying motivation
concepts for designing reward system
4. Leadership: Basic Approaches to Leadership, Trait theories, Personal Behavioral
theories, Situational theories, personal power and leadership, Participative leadership,
strategic leadership and Contemporary Issues in Leadership
5. Conflict and Negotiation in workplace: Interdependence as a key to understand
conflict, transitions in conflict thought from traditional view to contemporary view,
towards a realistic view of conflict, the conflict process, Conflict model, managing
intergroup conflict. Defining negotiation, Negotiation styles, Approaches to
negotiations, Mediation as an alternative dispute resolution method
6. Occupational Stress Management: Understanding Stress, general adaptation
syndrome, A model of stress and work, Stressors, Causes of stress, Managing work
related stress, Stress moderators
7. Group and teams: Group dynamics, group formation process, Informal groups and
roles, norm violations and group dysfunctional, Teams in workplace
8. Organizational power: Concept of power, sources of power, Interpersonal influence
and politics, Organizational influence and politics, Ethics and power play
Text Books/readings:
1. Robbins, P. S., & Judge, T. A. (2009). Organizational Behaviour. 13th ed.

2. Organizational Behaviour by Steven McShane & Mary Ann Von Glinow 5th ed.
3. Ivancevich, Olekalans & Matteson (2001). Organizational Behaviour and
Management. Ist Ed. McGraw Hill
4. Organizational Behaviour, Tony trevelton, Prentice-Hall International
5. Organizational Behavior, Tenth Edition, Stephen P. Robbins.
Course Title: Entrepreneurship
Course Objective:
This course is designed to assist students in evaluating the business skills and commitment
necessary to successfully operate an entrepreneurial venture and review the challenges and
rewards of entrepreneurship. Most of the jobs are created by small businesses in the world,
the particular problems and experiences encountered in starting and developing new
enterprises are clearly worth studying. This course of Entrepreneurship has been designed to
provide the participants with an overall understanding of the concept of entrepreneurship
and small business management.
Learning Outcomes:
This course will help students to understand:
 Creative and innovative thinking, market opportunity analysis, ability to source,
acquire and manage financial resources, business/project planning competencies
required for a successful business
 Familiarity with the range of organizational support available to assist with the new
enterprise development within country and the local community, Communicate new
ideas effectively, using a variety of media
Module Titles:
1. Entrepreneurship: Entrepreneurship definitions, historical perspectives, four
dimensions of venture creation (individuals, organization, Environment, process),
decision to become an entrepreneur, entrepreneurship importance, process, myths,
characteristics of successful entrepreneur
2. What makes entrepreneurs entrepreneurial: Effectual reasoning, how expert
entrepreneurs make decisions in uncertainty by ‘controlling the future’
3. Recognizing opportunities and Generating Ideas: Idea vs. Opportunity, essential
qualities of an opportunity, observing trends, solving a problem, finding gaps in the
marketplace, window of opportunity, techniques for creating new ideas, encouraging
and protecting new ideas
4. Feasibility analysis: Feasibility analysis and role of feasibility in developing successful
business ideas, product/service feasibility analysis, Industry/Target market feasibility
analysis, Organizational Feasibility, Financial feasibility
5. Industry and Competitor analysis: Industry Analysis, competitor analysis, the role of
industry and competitor analysis in occupying a unique position in an industry
6. Value innovation: A new mantra of value creation, the strategy canvas, four-action
framework
7. Developing an Effective business model: Business model, definitions and basic
components of a business model, business model analysis
8. Marketing Challenges for Entrepreneurial Ventures: Building a brand and venture
identity, guerilla marketing principles, select a market and establishing a position,
selling benefits rather than features, the 4Ps of marketing for new ventures
9. Assessing a New Venture’s Financial Strength and Viability: Financial objectives of
entrepreneurial ventures, financial statements and forecast, pro forma financial
statements, sources of funding for new ventures
10. Franchising: franchising, how does franchising works, establishing a franchise system,
buying a franchise
11. Developing an effective business plan: What is a Business Plan? Pitfalls to Avoid in
Planning, Benefits of a Business Plan, Developing a Well- Conceived Business Plan,
Elements of a Business Plan, Updating the Business Plan, Presentation of the Business
Plan: The “Pitch”.
Final Project:
Develop a creative business idea and a business plan for a startup Business. Final Project
should be based on application of concepts learned during the coursework. Business Plan
should incorporate following contents:
 Executive Summary
 Product/service feasibility analysis
 Industry/Target market feasibility analysis
 Organizational Feasibility
 Financial feasibility
 Business Model
 Risks and Contingency Approach
 Social and Economic Benefits
1. Entrepreneurship by Robert D.Hisrich/Michael P.Peters/Dean A.Shehperd
2. Entrepreneurship – Theory Process Practice, Donald F. Koratko 8th Edition
3. P.N. Singh: Entrepreneurship for Economic Growth
4. Peter F. Drucker: Innovation and Entrepreneurship
5. Barringer, Bruce R. and Ireland, D. Entrepreneurship Successfully Launching New
Ventures, 3rd Edition, Prentice Hall, 2010
6. Timmons, J., New Venture Creation – Entrepreneurship for 21st Century, 7th
Edition, McGraw: Hill International, 2007
7. A conceptual framework for describing the phenomenon of new venture creation
by William Gartner (1985)
8. What makes entrepreneurs entrepreneurial, by Saras Sarasvathy
9. The bird in hand principle start with what you have, by Sara Sarasvathy
10. The crazy quilt principle, by Sara Sarastvathy
11. The lemonade principle, by Sara Sarasvathy
12. Blue Ocean Strategy: From Theory to Practice, by Kim and Mauborgn
Course Title: Introduction to Sociology
Course Objective:
The course is designed to provide the basic understanding of both the process and challenge
of scientific observation and analysis of social behavior. The course is aimed to cultivate the
habit of scientific analysis of social data among the students.
Learning Outcomes:
The central objective of this course is to provide a general introduction to the main
perspectives and organizing concepts within sociology in a manner that will engender a
questioning attitude toward contemporary society and social issues. The course is also
designed to explain and illustrate both the process and the boundaries inherent in the social
construction of reality. Throughout the course, the importance of developing critical analysis
through logically constructed argument will be accented.
Module Titles:
1. Social science and common sense, scientific observation, the scientific method of
investigation, normative methods of investigation, sociology as a science, Perspective in
Sociology.
2. Fields and methods of sociology, methods and techniques of sociological Research,
cross sectional and longitudinal studies, disagreements in Science, Pure and applied
sociology, the roles of the sociologist, the cultural context: culture and society, social
and cultural development, culture as a system of norms, the structure of culture, real and
ideal culture.
3. Ethnocentrism, Xenocentrism, culture and human adjustment, Personality and
socialization, the meaning of personality, socialization and the self, theories of
personality development, importance of self-image.
4. Role and status, socialization through role and status, ascribed and achieved status and
role, role strain.
5. Social order and social control, Groups and associations, group dynamics, voluntary
associations: structural features, functions of voluntary associations, participation in
voluntary associations.
6. Social Institutions, the institutional concept, the development of institutions, institutional
traits, institutional functions, interrelationship of institutions, intellectuals and
Bureaucrats.
7. Political-economic institutions, social class, social class as a subculture, the significance
of social class, social mobility, nature of social mobility: individual and group mobility,
direction of social mobility, costs and gains of social mobility.
8. Race and ethnic relations: racial and ethnic classification, the scientific view of race
differences, Population change: changing population composition: migration, social and
cultural aspects of population change.
1. Paul B. Horton & Chester L. Hunt, Sociology, Latest edition, Mc-Graw Hill
International Edition.
2. Sociology by John J. Macionis (Latest Edition)
Course Title: Financial Management
Course Objective:
The course introduces the theory and practice of financial management to students who are
largely unfamiliar with finance. The course covers the analytical tools used in Financial
Statement Analysis, Time Value of Money, Short Term Financing, The Management of
Working Capital, Making Investment Decisions, Fundamental Valuation Techniques, and
Capital Budgeting Techniques.
Learning Outcomes:
After the completion of this course, students will be able to:
 Understand basics of financial management

 Analyze financial statements.
 Conduct horizontal / vertical analysis.
 Learn concept of Time value of money.
 Understand, calculate and interpret a range of basic financial ratios appropriate to a
set of financial statements, particularly in the key areas of profitability,
solvency/liquidity and market ratios
 Evaluate proposals through Capital Budgeting Techniques.
Module Titles:
1. Introduction: The Goals of Managerial Finance, the Role of Financial Managers,

Financial Decisions, Basic Forms of Business Organizations, The Financial Institutions
and Markets, Corporate Tax Structure.
2. Financial Statements & Cash Flow: A brief history of Accounting and financial
statements: The Balance sheet, The Income Statement, Statement of retained Earnings,
Statement of cash flows.
3. Analysis of Financial Statements: The Scope and Purpose of Financial Analysis,
Financial Statement Analysis, Horizontal Analysis, Vertical Analysis, Ratio Analysis;
Liquidity Ratios, Activity Ratios, Leverage Ratios, Profitability Ratios, Market Ratios,
Summary and Limitations of Ratio Analysis, the DuPont Equation
4. Short Term Financing: Trade Credit, Bank Loans, Banker’s Acceptances, Commercial
Finance Company Loans, Commercial Paper, Receivable Financing, Inventory
Financing.
5. Time Value of Money: The Interest Rate, Simple Interest, Compound Interest,
Compounding More than Once a Year, Future Value, Present Value, Solving for interest
rate and Time, Future Value of an Annuity, Present value of an Annuity, Perpetuities,
Effective Annual Interest Rates, Amortizing a Loan.
6. Bond Valuation: Introduction of Bonds, Bond Ratings, Different types of Bonds, Bond
Markets, Yield to Maturity
7. Equity Markets and Stock Valuation: Common Stock Valuation, Some features of
Common and Preferred Stocks, The Growth Models
8. Capital Budgeting: Capital Budgeting Decision Process, Finding the Initial Investment,
Finding the Operating Cash Inflows, Finding the Terminal Cash Flow, Overview of
Capital Budgeting Techniques, Payback Period, Net Present Value, Internal Rate of
Return, Comparing NPV and IRR Techniques.
1. Gitman J. Lawrence , Principles of Managerial Finance , Harper Collins College

Publishers Latest Edition.
2. James C. Van Horne & John M. Wachowicz, JR, Fundamentals of Financial
Management, Latest Edition
3. Managerial Finance, by Jae K Shim, Joel G. Siegel (Schaum’s Outline Series)
Course Title: Money and Banking
Course Objective:
Overview of basic concepts of money and its value, credit and financial institutions, use of
currency and its implications in an advanced society, role of money in the market with
special attention to current developments in the banking industry, negotiable Instruments,
Credit Creation, Letter of Credit and E-Banking.
Learning Outcomes:
By the end of this course students will be able to:
Understand the role of money, banks and other forms of financial intermediation; recognize
the affects that commercial banking institutions on the community, the economy, and the
individual. Differentiate between various banking products and services (i.e. loans,
investments). Identify the function of the Central Bank in the Country. The students will
learn about differentiation of modern tools used in E- Banking.
Module Titles:
1. Introduction to Money: Evolution of Money, the Concepts of Money, Functions,
Importance and Role of Money, Why Study Money? Money And National Income And
Product; Money and Prices, The Distinction between Money and Credit, Money as an
Asset, Concept of near money, Economic disadvantages of Money, Principles and
methods of Note Issue, barter system.
2. Classical theory for Money and Modern Quantity Theory.
3. Money Market and Capital Market
4. Foreign Exchange
5. Introduction to Banking: Origin and evolution of commercial Banking, Concept and
its Functions, Types of Banks. Bank Accounts: Current, saving, PLS, Term Deposit,
Foreign Currency Accounts.
6. Central Bank: Origin, Objectives, and Functions of central Bank.
7. Credit Creation: Process, Limitations, of Credit Creation and the factors in Credit
analysis.
8. Letter of Credits: Kinds, Advantages, Procedures, Discrepancies, and Important Terms
of Letter Of Credit, Problems faced by Pakistani Exporters.
9. Principles of Lending, Forms of Lending, Cash Finance, Overdraft Loans, Bridge and
Participation Loans. Purchase and Discounting of Bills.
10. Securities for Advances; Classification of Securities; Banker’s Lien, Charge, Pledge,
Hypothecation, Guarantees, Indemnity.
11. Theories of Islamic Finance
12. E- Banking: Introduction, Perspectives and products of E- Banking, Issues and Future
of E- Banking.
13. Prudential Regulations
1. Riaz Ahmed Mian, Money Banking & Finance.

2. Ail Israr H. Siddiqui, Practice and Law of Banking in Pakistan, Royal Book Co,
Karachi.
3. Muhammad Irshad, Money & Banking, Naveed Publication, Lahore.
4. M Saeed Nasir, Money & Banking, Kitab Markaz, Faisalabad.
Course Title: Human Resource Management
Course Objective:
Human resource management is about the managerial and leadership processes, which
enable people to give of their best in today’s turbulent working scenarios. To that end, the
syllabus content is less concerned with the academic study of human and organizational
behavior, but concentrates more on the development of effective, pragmatic, yet innovative
solutions to the issues surrounding the need to maximize people’s productivity, efficiency
and effectiveness.
Learning Outcomes:
To develop the student’s knowledge and understanding of:
 Individual differences, especially in such fields as learning, personality, motivation

and attitudes, with particular reference to the relevance of such differences for
recruitment, selection, deployment, development, and employee performance in an
organizational setting.
 The changing nature of the ‘psychological contract’ between organizations and their
employees, together with the implications for employability, flexible working,
commitment, and managerial leadership.
 Each major dimension of human resource management in practice, i.e., human
resource planning, recruitment, selection, induction, training/development, reward
systems, and people review/appraisal.
 Techniques for effective communication in all work-related situations, i.e., with
subordinates and with seniors, through collective representational procedures, and
with teams.
Module Titles:
1. Introduction to HRM: What is HRM? Why HRM is important? Human resource

functions, Human resource department, Meeting present human resource requirements
2. Job analysis: Job Description, Job Specification, Methods and Problems of Job
Analysis, Job Design, its scope & depth, Sociotechnical approach to Job design, the
physical work environment, Alternative work schedules.
3. Human Resource Planning: How HRP relates to Organizational planning, Steps in
HRP process, Tools & techniques of HRP
4. Recruitment & Selection: Recruitment, Personnel requisition form, Sources of
qualified personnel, effectiveness of recruitment methods, Realistic job previews,
Organizational inducements in recruitment, Equal employment opportunity. The
Selection process, Selection tests, Validation of Selection procedures, Reliability,
Uniform guidelines on employee selection procedures.
5. Orientation & Employee Training: Orientation, Training employees, Methods of
training, Evaluating training, Principles of learning
6. Management and organizational development: Management development process,
determining net management requirements, establishing management development
objectives, methods used in management development, organizational development.
7. Career Development: Importance of career development, Career growth, Implementing
career development, Career self-management and career counseling.
8. Performance Management Systems: Understanding performance, Performance
management, definition & uses of performance appraisal, Performance appraisal
methods, Errors & ways to overcome errors in performance appraisals
9. Compensation Management: Defining the system of compensation, Selection of
rewards, Relating rewards to performance, Job satisfaction & rewards, Employee
compensation, The Role of manger in reward system.
10. Traditional & New incentives pay systems: Objectives, conventional job evaluation,
pricing the job, new approaches to the base wage/salary structure, individual incentives,
and group incentives.
11. Collective Bargaining: Labour relations, Labour relations framework, Goals &
strategies, Labor unions, Labor union structure, membership, Union and management
integration
1. Human Resource Management, 10th edition (International edition) by Lloyd L.

Byars & Leslie W. Rue
2. By Luis R. Gomez Mejia, David B. Balkin, Robert L. Cardy Managing Human
Resources. (Fourth ed.)
3. Keith Davis, William B Werith, Human Resource Management 5th Edition Mc-
Graw Hill International Edition
Course Title: E – Commerce
Course Objective:
The objective of this course is to provide the students a good understanding of principles on
internet service design, and usage of internet and email along with web page designing and
implementation of a complete corporate web site.
Learning Outcomes:
The outcome is becoming aware of the possible dangers to an information system and
business data. It is the first step to arming yourself effectively against virtual threats, such as
viruses, hackers, etc. Viruses have been known to shut down business operations around the
globe in seconds but the student can avoid this kind of problem with a little knowledge and
foresight. Encrypting electronic messages is another way of protecting sensitive
information. After taking this module, the student will become aware of the tools available
that are necessary for any business that uses computers regularly to store or transmit
information. The student will also become more comfortable in using the latest specialized
features that the Internet has to offer in terms of security and data protection.
Module Titles:
1. Introduction to E-Commerce: What is E-Commerce? What is E-Business?. E-

commerce Framework. Introduction, E-commerce vs. E-Business, B2B vs. B2C,
2. Business models in E-commerce: Business Models. Electronic marketplaces.
Description of different types of electronic models from storefronts to portals. Travel
and Tourism services, Online recruitment, Real estate, insurance and stock trading
online. Online banking. Role of intermediaries in E-commerce. What is E-distribution.
Concept of disintermediation and Reintermediation.
3. Consumer Behavior and online market research: Detailed description of the
consumer decision making process. One-to-one
4. marketing and personalization in online environment. Market research for E-Commerce.
Customer relationship management and types of CRM.
5. Online Advertising: what are the advertising strategies in promotional techniques in
online business. Describing several advertising methods and their effectiveness in online
business. Banner advertising, Pop ups, Interstitials, E-mail, Newspaers, URLs, Chat
rooms etc.
6. Online Supply chain management: Definitions and concepts of E-supply. What are the
parts of E-supply and how they can be managed. What is collaborative commerce and
how it contributes in improving online business.
7. E-Government and E-Learning: overview and scope of Government-to-Citizens and
Government-to-Business. The transformation process of E-Government. What are the
implementation issues in this model. Basics of E-Learning, its benefits and drawbacks.
8. Mobile Commerce: The attributes, benefits and drivers in M-Commerce. M-commerce
security issues. The different applications in M-commerce, mobile financial
applications, mobile shopping, advertising and content providing. What is L-commerce
and pervasive computing.
9. E-Commerce Security: what are the security scams in E-Commerce which forced this
industry to enhance and improve security in online dealings. Types of online threats and
attacks. How to manage security risk. How to secure E-Commerce communications.
How Public and private key authenticate the communication. What are the systems
which help in reducing security threats. Basic firewalls, personal firewalls, VPNs and
intrusion detection systems.
10. Electronic Payment System: Description of multiple E-payment methods. How to
make E-Payments secure. What are payment cards, E-Wallets, E-cash, E-checking and
E-billing.
11. Legal, Ethical and Societal issues in E-Commerce: What are the major legal and
ethical issues in E-Commerce. What are intellectual property rights in E-Commerce and
how they can be protected.
12. E-Commerce in Pakistan and Developing world: How much E-Commerce is effective
in Pakistan. Does E-Commerce prove itself as a growing side in Pakistan.
Final Project:
Students are required to make the business plan with application of IT technology. A Project
is assigned to a group of 3,4 students. Submission of written document and presentation will
be taken at the end of semester
1. Efraim Turban, Jae Lee, David King & H. Michael Chung, Electronic Commerce
(A Managerial Perspective), Pearson Education Inc.
2. Daniel Armoor: E-Business Revolution
3. Karra Kota: E-Business
Course Title: Innovation Management
Course Objectives
This course objective is to provide management students with an understanding of the main
issues in the management of innovation and the relevant skills needed to manage innovation
at both strategic and operational levels. Innovation is a fundamental driver of
competitiveness and it plays a large part in improving quality of life. It is essential that
students understand the strategies, tools and techniques for managing innovation, which
often requires a different set of management knowledge and skills from those employed in
everyday business administration. It will also show the students how this process can turn
ideas into successful products, processes or services and add economic value to the
organizations and society.
This course has following objectives
 Definitions and concepts of innovation, invention and research and development

 Discuss main models of innovation
 Applying tools for innovation management
 Diagnostic and analytical skills
 Enhance verbal skills through case studies and syndicate discussions
 Develop judgmental and interpretation skills
 How to evaluate different options
 Formulate and develop strategy
 Assess and resolve managerial challenges
 Enhance innovative thinking ability through conducting project
Learning Outcomes
 Assess and interpret innovation processes

 Develop and formulate managerial strategies to shape innovative performance
 Employ tools of innovation management to measure innovative activities
 Identify different innovation challenges and make recommendations for resolving
them
Module Titles
1. What is the Management Innovation?

2. Innovation myths and mantras.
3. Important models of innovation
4. Sources of Innovation
5. Exploring different aspects of innovation
6. Building the innovative organization
7. Technological Innovation and Innovation Strategy
8. Networks and Communities of Innovators
9. Management of Research and Development
10. Managing Product Innovation
11. Managing service management
12. Managing organizational knowledge: understanding of organizational core
capabilities
13. Diffusion and commercialization of innovative product
14. Decision making under uncertainty
Final Project:
Study the existing innovation of your interest that transformed the lives of individuals for
the better. Final Project will be based on application of concepts learned during the
coursework. Project should incorporate innovation models and how it changed the way of
doing.
Text Books/Readings
1. Tidd, J., Bessant, J. and Pavitt, K.: Managing Innovation: Integrating technological,
market and organizational change, 3rd edition, John Wiley and Sons, 2005.
2. Trott, P (2010) Innovation management and product development
3. Tidd, Bessant and Pavitt : Key Issues in Innovation Management
4. Dodgson, M. Gann, D. and Salter A. The management of technological innovation:
strategy and practice, Oxford University Press, 2008.
5. Pavitt, K (1984) Patterns of Technical Change: Towards a Taxonomy and a
Theory
Course Title: Managerial Economics
Course Objective:
The objective of this course is to extend the students understanding of neo-classical

microeconomics and to help them think and reason within this framework to solve real
world problems. The goal of this course is to analyze Macroeconomics from a firm-centric
perspective. It is geared to help students draw the connection between policy made at the
Macro-level and its direct and indirect effect on the decision-making of the manager of a
firm/business.
Learning Outcomes:
By the end of this course students should be able to:
 Assess the value of managerial theory and concepts in the context of contemporary
examples of business and public sector organizations.
 Understand the main theories of the objectives of firms, the importance of these
objectives for decision making and the factors likely to determine the objectives
followed by different firms.
 Critically evaluate theories of the product, pricing and promotional decisions of
firms using relevant empirical analysis.
 Judge the merits of economic analysis with respect to its utility in appraising
firm/organization performances
Module Titles:
1. The Fundamentals of Managerial Economics: The Economics of effective

management, Understanding incentives, understanding markets: consumer –producer
rivalry, consumer-consumer rivalry, producer-producer rivalry, government and the
market, Recognizing the time value of money, using marginal analysis.
2. Market Forces: Demand and Supply Demand shifters, the demand function, consumer
surplus, supply shifters, the supply function, producer surplus, market equilibrium, price
restrictions and market equilibrium, comparative statistics.
3. Quantitative Demand Analysis: Elasticities of demand, Cross-price Elasticity, Income
Elasticity, other Elasticities, obtaining elasticities from demand functions, regression
analysis.
4. The Theory of Individual Behaviour: Consumer Behaviour: constraints: the budget
constraint, changes in income, changes in prices, consumer equilibrium, applications of
indifference curve analysis, The relationship between indifference curve analysis and
demand curves.
5. The Production Process and Costs: The Production function, the role of manager in
the production process, long run decisions, Isoquants, Isocosts, cost minimization,
optimal input substitution,
6. The cost Function: Short run costs, Average and marginal costs, relations among costs,
fixed and sunk costs, algebraic forms of cost functions, long run costs, economies of
scale, economic costs versus accounting costs, multiple-output cost functions
7. The Organization of the firm: Methods of procuring inputs, transaction costs, types of
specialized investments, optimal input procurement
8. The nature of Industry: Market structure, firm size, industry concentration, measures
of industry concentration.
9. Managing in Competitive, Monopolistic, and Monopolistically Competitive
Markets: Perfect competition, Monopoly, Monopolistic competition, Basic oligopoly
models, Game theory- inside oligopoly, comparing oligopoly models
10. Pricing strategies for firms with market power
1. Dominick Salvatore, Managerial Economics, McGraw-Hill, Inc. Singapore, 1989

2. Mary Louise Hatten, Macroeconomics for Management, Prentice-Hall
International, New Jersy, 1986
3. Rudiger Dornbusch, Macroeconomics, Sixth Edition, McGraw-Hill, Inc., 1994
4. Michael R. Baye, Managerial Economics and Business Strategy ,Second Edition,
IRWIN
Course Title: Supply Chain Management
Course Objectives
Supply Chain Management involves the flows of materials and information among all of the
firms that contribute value to a product, from the source of raw materials to end customers.
Elements of supply chain management have been studied and practiced for some time in
marketing, logistics, and operations management. This course will attempt to integrate these
different perspectives to develop a broad understanding of how to manage a supply chain.
Learning Outcomes
By the end of this course it is expected that the student will be able to:
 To develop an understanding of key drivers of supply chain performance and their

inter-relationships with strategy and other functions of the company such as
marketing, manufacturing and accounting.
 To impart analytical and problem solving skills necessary to develop solutions for a
variety of supply chain management and design problems and develop an
understanding for use of information technology in supply chain optimization.
 To understand the complexity of inter-firm and intra-firm coordination in
implementing programs such as e-collaboration, quick response, jointly managed
inventories and strategic alliances.
 To develop the ability to design logistics systems and formulate integrated supply
chain strategy, so that all components are not only internally synchronized but also
tuned to fit corporate strategy, competitive realities and market needs.
 To understand which information should be exchanged in a supply chain and how it
should be used to benefit the entire supply chain.
 To identify improvement opportunities that exist within supply chains in different
industries and to quantify the improvements that various supply chain strategies
offer.
Modules Titles:
1. Understanding Supply Chain: What is a supply chain; Decisions phases in a supply
chain; Process views of a supply chain.
2. Supply Chain Performance Achieving Strategic Fit and Scope: Competitive And
Supply Chain Strategies; Achieving Strategic Fit; Expanding Strategic Scope; Obstacles
to Achieving Strategic Fit.
3. Supply Chain Drivers and Matrices: Impellers of Supply Chain; Drivers of Supply
chain Performance; Framework for Strategic Drivers (Facilities, Information, Inventory,
Transportation, Sourcing, Pricing)
4. Designing Distribution Networks: Role of Distribution in the Supply Chain; Factors
influencing Distribution Network Design; Design options for a Distribution Network; E-
Business and the Distribution Networks.
5. Network Design in the Supply Chain: The role of Network Design in the supply chain;
Factors influencing Network Design Decisions; Framework for Network Design
Decisions; Making Network Design Decisions in Practice, The Impact of Uncertainty on
Network Design.
6. Designing Global Supply Chain Networks: The impact of Globalization on Supply
Chain Networks; The Offshoring Decisions: Total Cost; Risk Management in Global
Supply Chains.
7. Demand Forecasting in a Supply Chain: The role of forecasting in a supply chain;
Characteristics of forecasts; Components of a Forecast and Forecasting Methods. Basic
Approach to Demand Forecasting; Time Series Forecasting Methods.
8. Topics from Transportation in Supply Chain; Sourcing Decisions in a Supply Chain;
Co-ordination in a Supply Chain and Bullwhip effect.
Final Project:
The final project is comprised of a unique business idea. It consists if the following
components:
 Unique business plan/ product.

 Competitive edge of the business.
 Potential customers.
 Competitive strategies.
 Supply chain strategies.
 Strategic fit between competitive strategies and supply chain strategies.
 Conclusion
Note: All the material must be supported by relevant reliable reference.
1. Supply Chain Management: Strategy, Planning and Operation. 4th Edition, Sunil
Chopra, Peter Meindl and D.V. Kalra.
2. Logistics and Supply Chain Management Creating value added networks, Martin
Christopher.
3. Principles of Supply Chain Management: A Balanced Approach, Joel D. Wisor, G.
Keong Leong and Keah-Choon Tan.
Course Title: Strategic Management
Course Objectives:
The objective of this course is to investigate the role of strategy in achieving organisational
success in commercial environments. It examines the nature of organisational objectives,
capabilities and strategies and, in particular, the role of corporate and business strategies as
determinants of superior performance. Students use all the knowledge acquired from prior
business courses, coupled with new strategic-management techniques learned, to chart the
future direction of different organizations. This course also addresses corporate social
responsibility in strategic management.
Learning Outcomes:
At the completion of this course students will be able to:
Analyse and evaluate an organization in its context from a strategic perspective;

Determine appropriate strategic directions for an organization; define and recommend a
course of action that is consistent with the recommended strategic direction.
Module Titles:
1. Nature of Strategic Management

a. The Nature of Strategic Management
2. Strategy Formulation
a. The Business Vision and Mission
b. The External Assessment
c. The Internal Assessment
d. Strategies in Action
e. Strategy Analysis and Choice
3. Strategy Implementation
a. Implementing Strategies: Management and Operations Issues
4. Strategy Evaluation
a. Strategy Review, Evaluation, and Control
5. Key Strategic Management Topics

Business Ethics/ Social Responsibility /Environmental Sustainability.
1. Strategic Management (2011) by Fred R. David, 13th Edition. PHI Learning Private
Limited
2. Hubbard, G and P Beamish, 2011 “Strategic Management: Thinking, Analysis,
Action”, 4th Ed, Pearson Australia. (H&B)
3. Grant, R, 2011 “Contemporary Strategy Analysis”, 7th Ed, Wiley (RG)ement &
Business Policy By Tom Wheelen & J. Hunger
Course Title : Financial Institutions
Course Code: Maj/MGT- 403
Course Objective:
This course introduces the theory and practice of financial markets to students who are
largely unfamiliar with financial operations. The course covers the money markets and
capital markets tools and techniques for doing business in financial markets. The
introduction to the role of central banks and its working in distinction to other commercial
banks it also enables students to get in hand knowledge about their activities in supply of
funds.
Learning Outcomes:
After the completion of this course, students will be able to:
 Analyze financial markets

 Conduct trend analysis.
 Understand basics of financial markets
 Make calculation associated with risk and return.
Module Title:
1. Why study financial markets and institution: Debt Markets and Interest Rates, the
Stock Market, the Foreign Exchange Market, financial institutions
2. Overview of the financial system: Functions of financial markets, structure, function of
financial intermediaries, risk sharing, Asymmetric Information: Adverse Selection and
Moral Hazard, types of financial intermediaries, ensuring the Soundness of Financial
Intermediaries
3. Interest rate mean and its role in valuation: Measuring interest rate, four Types of
Credit Market Instruments, Yield to Maturity, the distinction between nominal and real
interest rate, the distinction between interest rate and return, Reinvestment Risk
4. Interest rate changes: Determinants of Asset demand, supply and demand in bond
market, changes in equilibrium interest rate
5. Monetary policy: tools, goals, strategy and tactics: The federal reserve balance sheet,
the market for reserve and federal fund rate, tools of monetary policy, discount policy,
reserve requirements, other goals of monetary policy, inflation targeting
6. The Money Market: The money market defined, the purpose, participants, money
market instruments, treasury bills, Federal Funds, Repurchase Agreements, Negotiable
Certificates of Deposit, Commercial Paper, Banker’s Acceptances, Eurodollars,
comparing money market securities
7. The Bond market: Purpose of capital market, capital market participant and trading,
types of bonds, treasury notes and bonds, municipal bonds, corporate bonds, financial
guarantee for bonds, current yield calculation, finding the value of coupon bonds
8. The stock market: Investing in stocks, computing the price of common stock, how
market sets security prices, errors in valuation, stock market indexes, buying foreign
stocks
9. The mortgage Market: What are mortgage, characteristics, types of mortgage loans,
mortgage lending institutions, loan servicing
10. Banking and Management of financial institution: The Bank Balance sheet, basic
banking, general principles of banking management, measuring bank performance
1. Fundamentals of Financial Institutions & Markets by Mishkin, 11th edition

2. Foundation s of Financial Markets and institutions by Frank Fabozzi, Fran
Jones, 4th edition
3. Modern Financial Market and institutions by Glen Arnold A practical
perspective.
Course Title: Management Information Systems
Course Objective:
The course is designed to provide the basic understanding to the upcoming Business and IT
professionals to help make them understand the use of information systems. Managers and
executives must possess excellence in handling and working of Computer systems. This
course seeks to develop the necessary skills needed for the student seeking her place in the
executive world.
Learning outcomes:
This course is designed to introduce students to computer-based information systems and

their role in business organizations. Topics to be covered include a discussion of the nature
of information and its contribution to the strategic, managerial, and operational aspects of
business, the role of information technology in business process reengineering. The
planning, analysis, design, and implementation needed achieve successful information
systems, and telecommunications - that underlie these systems. However, the emphasis of
the course will be on the managerial used of computer information systems, not the
technology by itself.
Module Titles:
1. Introduction the concept of management: What is management? management

function, Management Roles, Management Skills
2. Management Information System : introduction of management information
system ,Types of management information system ,Uses of management
information system
3. Challenges in MIS
4. CBIS: Introduction of CBIS, Data, Information, System, Information System,
Based Computers, Working of a CBIS, Sub-System of Computer-Based Information
System, CBIS Contribution
5. Network Computing: Types of Networks ,Internet, The World Wide Web, Network
Applications, E-Learning and Distance Learning, Telecommuting
6. System Approach
7. Data and knowledge management: Managing Data, The Database Approach,
Database Management Systems, Data Warehousing, Data Visualization, Knowledge
Management
8. Types of computer: analog computer. Digital computer, Hybrid computer
9. Information Resource management: introduction of IRM, Benefits of
implementing an IRM Strategy
10. Responsibilities of a CIO
11. Acquiring IT applications: Planning for and Justifying IT Applications, Strategies
for acquiring IT Applications, Traditional Systems Development Life Cycle,
Alternative Methods and Tools for Systems Development, Outsourcing and
Application Service Providers, Vendor and Software Selection
12. Impact of IT on organizations, individuals and society
13. Multinational Issues in MIS
Final Project:
Students are required to make the MIS System of any organization. A project is assigned to
a group of 3, 4 students. Submission of written document and presentation will be taken at
the end of semester
1. Management Information Systems, 2nd ed. By Thomas Case and Charles Parker
2. Management Information Systems by Ovais Ahmed
3. James O’ Brein: Mangement Inmformation System
4. Raymond Mcloed, Jr. published: Magement Information Sdystems, Prentice Hall
Finance Specialization I
Course Title: Corporate Finance
Course Code: EC/Fin-401
Course Objectives:
Corporate finance is a goal-oriented activity that involves financial planning, decision

making and financial investment. This course is intended to guide the students regarding the
overall structure and application of financial corporate sector.
Learning Objectives:
This course is designed to help students develop a deeper understanding of the issues and
the basic tools needed for corporate manager. After studying this course the students should
be able:
 To evaluate and formulate effective working capital polices in day to day operations.
 To make effective use of financial resources available to an organization.
 To evaluate various alternatives available to acquire fixed assets.
 To perform Sensitivity and Scenario analysis for decision making.
Module Titles:
1. Working Capital Management: Float and Cash Management, Cash Collection,

Disbursement, Credit and Receivables. Inventory Management Techniques
2. Risk and Return: Expected Returns and Variances, Portfolios, Expected Return,
Systematic and Unsystematic Risk, Diversification and Portfolio Risk, Capital Asset
Pricing Model, Beta, The Security Market Line
3. Cost of Capital: The Cost of Capital: Some Preliminaries, The Cost of Equity, The Cost
of Debt and Preferred Stock, The weighted Average Cost of Capital
4. Leverage and Capital Structure: The Effect of Financial Leverage, Capital Structure,
Corporate Taxes and the Capital Structure, Bankruptcy Costs, Optimal Capital Structure,
Observed Capital Structure.
5. Dividends and Dividends Policy: Cash Dividends and Dividend Payments, Dividend
Policy Theory, Stock Repurchase, Stock Dividends and Stock Splits
6. Raising Capital: The Financing Life Cycle of a Firm: Early Stage Financing and
Venture Capital, Selling Securities to the Public, Alternative Issue Methods,
Underwriters, IPOS and Underpricing, New Equity Sales and the Value of the Firm, The
Cost of Issuing Securities, Issuing Long –Term Debt
1. Financial Management and Policy by James C. Van Horne

2. Principles of Corporate Finance by Brealey, Myers & Allen, Latest Edition.
3. Gitman J. Lawrence, Principles of Managerial Finance, Harper Collins College
Publishers (Latest Edition)
Ross, Westerfield, Jordon, Fundamentals of Corporate Finance, Mc Graw Hill
Marketing Specialization I
Course Title: International Marketing
Course Code: EC/Mkt-401
Course Objective:
This course provides an opportunity for learning about marketing in the international
context. Students will experience the customer value creation cycle from market intelligence
to the selection of markets and customers, through to the actual delivery of products and
services. Major emphasis of this course will be on developing international marketing
strategies and the application of the marketing concepts in the global context. Develop
relevant international marketing skills for planning and expanding business activities in
global markets, by providing students with the opportunity to deepen their understanding of
a country and the business opportunities that it offers, and finally preparing a comprehensive
and compelling international market entry strategy .
Learning Outcomes:
 Upon successful completion of this course, the student should be able to learns basic
terms, concepts, and principles of international marketing.
 Develops an awareness of international market environment and global marketing
practices
 Assess a country's market potential, Identify and develop an international market entry
strategy.
 Analyze a firm's marketing mix and adapt it for new foreign markets to maximize profit
potential.
 Appreciate the international business cultural etiquette in greetings and negotiations
 Explain the various ways an organization can build and maintain a competitive
advantage in the global market arena.
Module Titles:
1. Introducing the basic concepts, Definition of International marketing, the International

marketing task, Self-reference Criterion, Ethnocentrism and Development of Global
awareness. Defining the stages of International marketing involvement and the three
international marketing management concepts: Domestic Market Expansion,
Multidomestic Market, and Global Marketing. (CHAP1)
2. Understanding the dynamic environment of international trade and the competitive
challenges and opportunities confronting today's international marketer. Detailed study
of topics of Balance of payments & Protectionism. The importance of the creation of the
World Trade Organization (WTO), the successor to GATT, the International Monetary
fund and the World Bank are explored. (CHAP2)
3. Assessing the cultural environment of global marketing, recognition of cultural
differences, impact of culture on human behavior, Ethics and social responsibility,
balance between corporate profits and the social and ethical consequences of
International Manager’s decisions.
4. Assessing global market opportunities, segments within markets, market segments
across country markets, understanding market behavior within and across different
cultural contexts, Multicultural research and qualitative and quantitative research and a
discussion of the Internet as a tool in the research task.
5. Developing Global Marketing Strategies, planning and organizing for global marketing.
Collaborative relationships, including strategic alliances, the importance of relational
collaborations among firms, suppliers, and customers in the success of the global
marketer. Benefits of such collaborations in the areas of technology, innovations,
productivity, capital, and market access that strengthen a company's competitive
position.
6. Focusing the product and services management, reflecting the differences in strategies
between consumer and industrial offerings and the growing importance in world markets
for both consumer and business services. The competitive importance in today's global
market for quality, innovation, and technology
7. Analyzing Price escalation and ways it can be lessened, countertrade practices, and price
strategies to employ when the dollar is strong or weak relative to foreign currencies.
8. Agreements of WTO
Final Project:
Students are expected to visit TDAP (Previously known as EPB) regional office and get
detail information regarding the export process of any product. The members of the group
will make a 30 minute presentation. The presentation will cover a detailed analysis of export
process followed in Pakistan.
1. International Marketing 11th Edition by Philip R. Cateora

Department of Public Administration
Syllabus BPA Program
Year – 4 (7thSemester)
Human Resource management Specialization 1
Course Title: Performance management
Course Code: EC/Hrm-401
Course Objective:
This course addresses the issues regarding employee motivation and management of their
performance, performance measurement and devising appropriate tools to assess employees’
performance and ways to align performance with the organization’s strategic objectives.
Course is designed to expose students to the methods, theories and issues regarding
employee performance and making them able to use right strategies at right time to motivate
employees to enhance organizational performance. Design and implementation of
performance management systems will be the core area to be addressed.
Learning Outcomes:
Upon successful completion of this course, the student will have reliably demonstrated the
ability to:
 Explain performance management system including criticisms of the process and

suggestions to improve it.
 Develop key performance areas and indicators for individual employees in the light
of their job descriptions and strategic role in the company
 Identify and use behaviors, values, objectives and results in performance
management systems
 Handle issues in trying to develop and assess performance
 Manage and handle employee performance & development
 Identify and communicate appropriate actions with employees (e.g. training and
development, wage increase, promotion, bonus etc.) based on their performance
strengths and weaknesses.
 Develop and implement performance management system for organization.
Module Titles:
1. The process of Performance Management: Focus on performance management

cycles.KPI, KRA and KPA and their measurement.
2. Performance management and rewards system in context
3. Performance management and strategic planning
4. Performance Management system and choosing a measurement approach
5. Measuring results and behaviors
6. Gathering performance information
7. Implementing a Performance management system
8. Performance management and employee development
9. Reward system and legal issues
10. Related case studies
Final term Project:
The project is mandatory for qualifying the final term paper and is comprises of a
comprehensive report or a presentation or both of Performance management system
implemented in any company operating in public or private sector.
1. Performance Management ,3rd edition (2013) by Herman Aguinis

2. Grote. D. (2011). How to be good at performance appraisals. Boston, MA: Harvard
University Press.
3. Grote. D. (1996). The Complete guide to performance appraisals. AMACOM
Books.
4. Amstrong. M. (2009). Amstrong’s Handbook of performance management. An
evidence based guide to delivering high performance. 4th Edition. Kogan Page

Finance Specialization II
Course Title: Financial Reporting and Analysis
Course Objective:
The course is designed to provide the introduction to the analysis of financial statements,
involving students in actual financial statements and their analysis and interpretation. Its
premise is that students are better prepared to understand and analyze real financial reports
when learning is not based on oversimplified financial statements.
Learning Outcomes
Successful completion of this course build in students an ability to collect and perform
analysis of data from published financial statements and other sources in order to produce a
report on the financial status of the organizations. On completion of the course, students are
expected to:
 Understand the historical development of financial reporting.
 Understand the theoretical underpinning of conceptual framework.
 Be able to analyze the financial statements for economic decision making.
 Be able to understand the issues and controversies in financial statements.
Module Titles:
1. An Overview of Financial Statement Analysis: Business Analysis its different types

and relation to Financial Statement Analysis, Purpose of each Financial Statement and
linkages between them, Analyze and interpret Financial Statements and Application of
several basic financial statement analysis tools.
2. An Overview of Financial Reporting and Analysis: The history and objective of
Financial Accounting, Financial reporting and analysis environment, Qualitative
characteristics of Financial Statements, Development of Accounting Standards,
Introduction to International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS).
3. Introduction to Accounting Analysis: Need for accounting analysis, Accounting
distortions, Earnings Management, Incentives that might induce the company
management to manipulate earnings and mechanics of earning management.
4. Analyzing Financing Activities: Identify and access the principal characteristics of
liabilities and equity, Analyze and interpret lease disclosures, Analyzing the impact of
operating and capital leases, Explain implications and adjustments of lease disclosures to
financial statements, Identify off-balance sheet financing and its consequences to risk
analysis.
5. Important IAS and IFRS: IAS 1 (Presentation of Financial Statements), IAS 32
(Financial Instruments: Presentation), IFRS 7 (Financial Instruments: Disclosures), IAS
16 (Property Plant and Equipment), IAS 23 (Borrowing Cost)
6. Analyzing Investing Activities: Inter-corporate Investments, Analyze financial
reporting for inter-corporate investments, Analyze financial statement disclosures for
investment securities, Interpret consolidated financial statements, Analyze implications
of the purchase (and pooling) method of accounting for business combinations, Interpret
goodwill arising from business combinations.
7. Return on Invested Capital and Profitability Analysis: Usefulness of return measures
in financial statement analysis, Return on invested capital and variations in its
computation, Relation between profit margin and asset turnover, Analyze return on
common shareholders’ equity and its role in analysis.
8. Prospective Analysis: Importance of prospective analysis, Process of projecting the
income statement, the balance sheet, and the statement of cash flows. Cash flow
forecasting with pro forma analysis.
Final Project:
Company’s Past Financial Performance Evaluation and Finding Company’s Strategy

reflected in Past Financial Performance. Following contents should be incorporated in final
project report.
1. Executive Summary
2. Preliminary Business Analysis (Evaluating the Business Environment of Company
and Strategies)
3. Financial Health of Company (Based upon Common Size and Trend Analysis of
Financial Statements)
4. Evaluation and Inferences (Based on Ratio analysis, Liquidity of short-term assets:
Related Debt-Paying Ability, Profitability: Profitability Measures, Trends in
profitability, Analysis for the investor: Leverage and its effects on earnings, Earning
Per common Share, Price/ Earnings Ratio, dividend Yield, Dividend Payout, Stock
Options)
5. Credit and Equity Analysis
6. Recommendation and Conclusion
7. Appendix (Financial Statements, Ratio Analysis Computations, Selected News
stating the company’s trend in industry, its business strategies etc)
Note: At least 3 years Financial Statements should be selected for Financial Analysis.
Text Books/Readings
1. Financial Statement Analysis by John J. Wild, K.R Subramanyam and Robert F.
Halsey.
2. Readings and Notes on Financial Accounting: Issues and Controversies by
Stephen A. Zeff, Bala G. Dharan
3. The Analysis and Use of Financial Statements by Gerald I. White, Ashwinpaul C.
Sondhi, Haim D
4. Ralph Dale Kennedy, Stewart Yarwood McMullen, Financial statements Form,
analysis, and interpretation.
5. Fundamentals of Financial Management by James C. Vanhorne
6. Financial Statement Analysis by Charles J. Gibson
7. The Analysis and Use of Financial Statements, by Ashwinpaul C. Sondhi and Haim
D. Fried
8. Accounting, the basis for business decisions by Meigs & William Haka, Bettner
Marketing Specialization II
Course Title: Sales Management
Course Objective:
The focus of this course is on the specific skills required by the modern Sales Manager to
achieve results through the efforts of the sales team - the essence of management. To
broaden the appeal of selling and management of sales as a profession for marketing
graduates, and to give those who opt for a mainstream marketing career an understanding of
these areas, thereby making them more effective and multi-skilled marketing people.
Learning Outcomes:
It is intended that the student will:
 Understand the role and importance of selling as an element of the marketing mix.
 Have a framework for making an effective and planned sales call in a number of
different sales situations.
 Understand the impact of strategic planning on selling and sales management.
 Ability to develop the Sales Force Time and Territory Management, Quotas,
Compensation, Motivation, Leading Controlling.
Module Titles:
1. Introduction to Selling & Sales Management: Introduction, The Sales Management

Process, and Total Quality Management, The Field Sales Manager’s job.
2. Strategic Planning & Budgeting: Strategic Management Planning, Strategic Marketing
Planning, Strategic Sales Force Decisions, The Sales Budget, Quality Sales
Management, And Ethical Situations.
3. Personal Selling: Basic Types of Selling Approaches, Preinteraction Phase, The
Interaction Phase, The Post interaction Phase, Ethical Situations and Sales force
Automation
4. Account Relationship Management: Organizational Purchasing Process, Buying
Center, Building Relationships, Relationship Binders, And Ethical Situations
5. Territory Management: Sales Force Productivity, Locating and Qualifying Prospects,
Minimum Account Size, Account Analysis and Time Allocation, Managing Territory
Profitability, Territory Coverage, Personal Time Management, Management’s Role.
6. Recruiting and Selecting Personnel: Planning Cycle, Recruiting, Selecting Prospects,
Validating the Hiring Process
7. Sales Training: Why Train Salespeople, Planning for Sales Training, Developing the
Training Program, Evaluating Sales Training, Follow-Up
8. Organization: Organizational Principles, Specialization, Major Accounts Program,
Telemarketing and Number of Salespeople
Final Project:
1. Introduction of Organization and sales department

2. Hierarchy of department
3. Territory Management and Selling approaches
4. Customer categorization and issue handling
5. Hiring and Training Programs for Employee
6. Employee Incentive and compensation Programs
7. Recommendations
8. Conclusion
Note: Organization to be chosen should be practicing above concepts.
Text book/Readings
1. Sales management, Concepts & Cases (Eighth edition) by Douglas J. Dalrymple &
William L. Corn
Year – 4 (7thSemester)
Human Resource Management II
Course Title: Organizational change and development
Course Objectives:
This course treats the contemporary theory and practice of organization development while
also focusing on organizational culture. Organizations face many challenges and pressures,
the most significant of which is survival and survival requires constant adaptation,
innovation and change. This course offers insights and applications pertinent to
organizations around the globe. The course examines the organization development process,
including intervention strategies, and the role of organization development in creating the
changes that improve individuals, teams, and organizations. This is a practical course that
addresses the issues, basic theories and methods associated with organizational change and
development in contemporary organizations.
Learning Outcomes:
 Understand the role of organization development in anticipating and effecting

change in organizations.
 Understand and make use of OD as a diagnostic and intervention process,
particularly in terms of the roles and styles of the OD practitioner.
 Examine the use of the OD process in developing excellence in individuals in a real
organization.
 Examine the use of the OD process in developing high performance teams in a real
organization.
 Compose an OD diagnostic (and potentially also implementation) report based upon
experience with a real organization.
Module Titles:
1. Introduction to organization development: Organization development defined,

Growth and relevance of organization development, Short history of organization
development, Evolution in organization development, Role of the organizational
development (od) practitioner
2. The nature of planned change: Cultural change, Theories of planned change,
General model of planned change, Different types of planned change, Critique of
planned change, Resistance to change
3. Diagnosis issues of organizations: Diagnosis defined, Action Research, diagnosis
process.
4. Designing interventions: What are effective interventions, How to design effective
interventions, Types of interventions, Od intervention strategies
5. Interpersonal and group process approaches: process consultation, third-party
interventions, team building, empowerment and interpersonal interventions
6. structural interventions- organization process approaches: organization confrontation
meeting, intergroup relations interventions, large-group interventions, intergroup
development and goal setting, work team development: high performing systems and the
learning organization
7. Structural Interventions- restructuring organizations: Structural Design, Downsizing,
Reengineering, employee involvement, work design: The Engineering Approach, The
Motivational Approach, The Sociotechnical Systems Approach
8. Human Resource Management Interventions: Goal Setting, Performance Appraisal,
Rewards Systems, developing talent, managing workforce diversity, employee wellness
interventions
9. Strategic Change Interventions –transformational change: Characteristics of
Transformational Change, Integrated Strategic Change, Organization Design, Culture
Change
Text book/Readings
1. Cummings, T. G. & Worley, C. G. (2009).Organization development and change

(9th edition). Canada: South-Western Cengage Learning
2. Brown, D. R., & Harvey, D. (2006). An experiential approach to organization
development.Pearson/Prentice-Hall: Upper Saddle River, NJ.
3. Rothwell, W. & Sullivan, R. (2005). Practicing Organizational Development: A
Guide forConsultants. 2nd Edition.Pfeiffer.
Course Title: Project Management
Course Objective:
Project management has become a means to achieve organizational objectives. It provides

an organization with powerful tools that improves ability to plan, implement, and control its
activities as well as the ways in which it utilizes its people and resources.
Learning Outcomes:
On successful completion of this subject, students will be able to:

 Acquire a broad background and specific management skills in project
management.
 Understand the importance of project management in business organizations.
 Understand the strategies to integrate and manage scope, schedule, cost and quality
for successful project outcomes.
 Understand the principles of effective management and apply them to manage
projects and project teams.
Modules Titles:
1. Introduction: Projects in Contemporary Organization, The Definition of a “Project”,

Why Project Management? The Project Life Cycle.
2. Part I: Project Initiation: Strategic Management and Project Selection: Project
Management Maturity, Project Selection and Criteria of Choice, The Nature of Project
Selection Models, Types of Project Selection Models, Project Portfolio Process, Project
Proposals
The Project Manager: Project Management and the Project Manager, Special demands
on the Project Manager, Selecting the Project Manager, Problems of Cultural differences
Project Organization: The Project as part of the Functional organization, Pure Project
Organization, The Matrix Organization, Mixed Organizational systems, choosing an
Organizational Form.
Project Planning: Initial Project Coordination, Systems Integration, The Work
Breakdown Structures and Linear Responsibility Charts.
Conflict and Negotiation: The Nature of Negotiation, Partnering, Chartering, and
Change, Conflict and the Project Life Cycle, Some Requirements and Principles of
Negotiation.
3. Part II: Project Implementation:
Budgeting and Cost Estimation: Estimating Project Budgets
Scheduling: Network Techniques: PERT (ADM) AND CPM (PDM)
Resource Allocation: Critical Path Method- Crashing a Project, Resource Allocation
Problems, Resource Loading, Resource Leveling.
Monitoring and Information Systems: The planning-Monitoring-Controlling Cycle,
Earned Value Analysis.
4. Part III: Project Termination.
Project Auditing: The Project Audit Life Cycle
Project Termination: The Varieties of Project Termination, When to Terminate a
Project.
Final Project:
Students are required to conduct a thorough literature search (books, journals, trade
magazines, newspapers, websites etc.) in order to prepare the research project. It is
expected that the project covers all the phases of Project starting from Selection and
leading to Initiation, Planning, Execution and Termination.
Text book/Readings
1. Project Management: A Managerial Approach, Jack R. Meredith, Samuel J.

Mantel, 7th edition, John Wiley & Sons Publication.
2. Managing Projects in Organizations: How to Make the Best Use of Time,
Techniques, and People ; J. Davidson Frame, 3rd edition, Jossey-Bass Publications.
3. Project Management: A Systems Approach to Planning, Scheduling, and
Controlling , Harold Kerzner, 10th edition, Wiley Publications.

Course Title: International Relations and Current Affairs
Course Objective:
This course provides students an introduction to the theoretical background to international

relations and examines a range of contemporary and historical topics through which it is
possible to explore the behaviour of states and international organisations.This module
provides a survey and analysis of international relations and foreign policies as they impact
on international economics and international business. It presents different theoretical
perspectives and case studies to engender an appreciation of the complexity of international
relations.
Learning Outcomes:
On completion of this course, students should be able to:
 Identify the different ways in which states and international organization operate and
how their policies impact on the conduct of international economics and business.
 Appreciate the political forces underlying international theories and prescriptions in
such contested areas as trade and resource rivalry and multilateral economic
cooperation.
 Discuss legal and moral issues in global economic management and explain ways in
which cultural differences influence managers and managerial decision-making.
 Anticipate the sort of information that will be necessary, and the means for obtaining
it, in order to conduct international economic policy-making and business in the
modern state-centric world.
 Appreciate the types and extent of changes in the current inter-state system induced
by processes encompassed by what we call globalisation.
Module Titles:
1. International Relations: Meaning, Definition, Scope of International Relations

2. Nature, Significance and evolution of International Relation as separate discipline.
3. The nation State System: Characteristics and Challenges
4. National Interest: Meaning, Significance, Instrument of National Interest
5. Diplomacy: Meaning, Significance, Role of Diplomats
6. Foreign Policy & its determinants.
7. Power: Definition elements Determinants of Power, Balance of Power
8. Regionalism and Globalization
9. States and Non State Actors
10. International Law: Meaning definition and sources
11. International Organizations: Meaning, definition and role
Text book/Readings
1. Parkesh Chandra, International Relations, Book land Publishers

2. Peu Gosh, Theories of International Relations.
3. Hans. j. Morganthau, Politics among Nations, 6th Ed, 1984.
4. Norman D. Palmer and Howard C. Perkins, International Relations, New York:
Houghton and Company, 1984 (there might be latest edition in National Book
Foundation)
5. William c. Olson. The Theory and Practices of International Relations, New
Jersey, Prentice Hall, Inc.
6. Convey W. Henderson, International Relations: Conflict and Cooperation at the
Turn of the 21st Century, New York: McGraw Hills, 1998.
7. John T. Rouke International Relations on the World Stage, N.Y.McGraw Hill.
2003
8. Karen Migest Essential of International relations, N.Y. Norton and Company.2001
9. Joseph S Nye Understanding International Conflicts, N.Y Long Man, 2002
10. George Sorenson Changes in Statehood, Transformation of International
Relations N.Y, Pal grave , 2001

Finance Specialization I
Course Title: Investment & Portfolio Management
Course Objectives:
The course is designed to provide good understanding of the field of investment. This
understanding can be quite valuable as every investor has to make various investment
decisions during his life time. Therefore, background and advance level knowledge of
different investment concepts is essential at this point of learning.
Learning Outcomes:
The module aims to provide an understanding of the Investment. By the end of the module,
students will have complete understanding of the key decision making areas of Investment
Finance like Capital Asset Pricing Model, Capital Allocation Line and Capital Market Line,
Portfolio Management, Efficient Market Hypothesis, Derivatives etc.
Module Titles:
1. Introduction to Investments: Investment Basics, Risk and Return, Trade-Off between

Risk and Return, Efficient Market Hypothesis, Individual & Institutional Investors.
2. Investment Alternatives: Money Market Securities, Fixed Income Securities, Equity
Securities, Direct & Indirect Investment, Mutual Funds
3. Derivative Securities: Forwards, Futures, Options, Option Strategies
4. Securities Trading: Brokerage Accounts, Order Types, Margin, Short Sales
5. Risk & Return: Measurement of Risk & Return of Individual Securities and Portfolio.
Cumulative Wealth Index.
6. Portfolio Construction: Portfolio Risk & Return, Markowitz Portfolio Theory,
Efficient Frontier, Capital Allocation Line and Capital Market Line, Sharpe Ratio,
Single & Multi –Index Model, Diversification.
7. Investment Theories: Capital Assets Pricing Model, Arbitrage Pricing Theory, Security
Market Line
8. Security Markets in Pakistan
Final Project:
The Investment Activities/Operations Incorporated by Different Investment Companies of

Pakistan (Insurance Companies, Investment Trusts, Mutual Funds/Pension Funds
Companies, Banks)
1. Introduction
2. Type of Investment (Direct, Indirect)
3. Investment Activities
4. Investment Products (Mutual Funds, Load Funds, No-Load Funds, Derivatives
Securities, Hybrid Securities)
5. Concluding Remarks on Companies Operations
Text book/Readings
1. Investment Analysis and Management by Charles P. Jones (Latest Edition)

2. Investment by Mandel, L. and Thomas J. O’Brian.
3. William F. Sharpe Gordon. Investment
4. Robert A. Haugen. Modern Investment Theory
5. Lawrence J. Gitman. Fundamentals of Investment.

Marketing Specialization I
Course Title: Consumer Behavior
Course Objective:
This course is a survey of noteworthy contributions of the behavioral sciences to the

understanding and prediction of consumer behavior. Marketing begins and ends with the
consumer – from determining consumer needs to providing consumer satisfaction. Thus, a
clear understanding of consumers is critical in successfully managing the marketing
function. The study of consumer behavior is intended to acquaint students with both what it
means to be a consumer in a market-orientated society and what, as a marketer, they need to
know to understand the role of meeting the consumer’s needs in the development of
marketing strategy.
Learning Outcomes:
Upon successful completion of this course, the student should be able to
 Understand current psychological, sociological and anthropological theories that

provide insight into consumer behavior
 Understand people’s consumption-related behaviors
 Create an appreciation of the potential input of consumer behavior into the
formulation of marketing tactics and strategy
 Be able to apply theory to address real world marketing problems
Module Titles:
1. Course Overview: The definition and scope of Consumer behavior, Development of

marketing concepts and disciplines of consumer behavior, Customer value, satisfaction
and retention, Marketing ethics & social responsibility, Consumer behavior and decision
making.
2. Market Segmentation: Defining market segmentation, Bases for segmentation, Criteria
for effective targeting of market segments, implementing segmentation strategies.
3. Consumer Research Process: Developing research objectives, collecting secondary
data, designing primary research, quantitative research and data collection instruments.
4. Consumer Motivation: Analyzing motivation as a psychological force, the dynamics of
motivation, Types and systems of needs.
5. Personality & Consumer behavior: Study of nature and theories of personality,
Personality and understanding consumer diversity, Brand personality.
6. Consumer Perception: Sensory Dynamics of Perception, elements of perception,
consumer imagery.
7. Influences On Consumer Behavior: Cultural influence on CB, Social class influence
on CB, Family life cycle and their influence on CB, Demographics and their influence
on CB.
8. Consumer Influence & Diffusion of innovation: Opinion leadership, Opinion
leadership and firm are marketing strategy, the diffusion process, The adoption process.
9. Characteristics of B2B Buying Behavior: Organizational Buying Behavior -
Consumer Markets
Final Project:
Students are expected to select any one print or electronic media advertisement and identify
at least 10 major concepts which are applicable in chosen advertisement. The members of
the group will make a 30 minute presentation. The presentation will cover a detailed
analysis of the project.
1. Consumer Behavior (International edition) 9th Edition, By Leon G. Schiffman &

Leslie Lazar Kanuk
2. Wilkie William: Consumer Behaviour
3. Louden David L. and Della Bitta , Albert J. : Consumer Behaviour

Human Resource Management I
Course Title: Strategic Human Resource Management
Course Objective:
Many managers and organizations now recognize that a critical source of competitive
advantage often comes not from having the most ingenious product design, the best
marketing strategy, or the most state-of-the-art production technology, but rather from
having an effective system for obtaining, mobilizing, and managing the organization’s
human assets. A number of recent developments, including demographic changes in the
labor force, increased global competition, experiments with new organizational
arrangements, and public policy attention to work force issues have made human resource
management increasingly important for organizations.
Although many managers and organizations recognize the importance of managing the work
force effectively and even "know" what effective approaches are, it is remarkable how
frequently firms fail to implement effective human resource management analysis and
practices.
Learning Outcomes:
The students should be able to:
 Understand the origin and evolution of the field of strategic human resource
management (SHRM).
 Understand the importance of SHRM in context of the overall organizational
strategy.
 Comprehend the competing SHRM viewpoints and issues related to its practical
application.
 To think systematically and strategically about aspects of managing the
organization's human assets
 To understand what really needs to be done to implement these policies and to
achieve competitive advantage through people.
 Evaluate the contemporary system of SHRM and its significance in the modern
organizations.
 Evaluate the nature and contributions of SHRM in in different contexts for better
understanding and overall organizational performances.
Module Titles:
1. The Concept of HRM: Introduction, Philosophy of HRM, Underpinning Theories
of HRM, Goals, Characteristics and Diversity of HRM.
2. The Concept of Strategy: Introduction, Development of the concept of Strategy,
Nature, Formulation and Implementation of Strategy.
3. The Concept of Strategic Human Resource Management: Introduction, Nature of
SHRM, Strategic Fit, Resource-Based View of Strategic HRM, Perspective on
SHRM, Best Practice Approach, Best Fit Approach
4. The Strategic Role of HR: Introduction, Strategic Role of; HR Practitioners, HR
Directors, Heads of HR Functions, HR Business Partners.
5. The Impact of Strategic HRM: Introduction, the Concept of Performance, How
Strategic HRM makes an Impact.
6. Strategic HRM in action: Introduction, Formulating HR Strategy, Philosophy on
Managing People, Corporate Issues, Achieving Integration.
7. The Framework of HR Strategy: Introduction, What are the HR Strategies? What
is the Purpose of HR Strategies? The Nature of HR Strategies, Types of HR
Strategies, Evaluating HR Strategy, Developing HR Strategies, Implementing HR
Strategies.
8. Human Capital Management Strategy: Introduction, Aims of Human Capital
Management, Role of Human Capital Management Strategy, Link between Human
Capital Management and Business strategy, Developing a Human Capital
Management Strategy.
9. Corporate Social Responsibility Strategy: Introduction, Corporate Social
Responsibility Defined, Rationale for Corporate Social Responsibility, Strategic
Corporate Social Responsibility defined, Corporate Social Responsibility Activities,
Role of HR, Developing a Corporate Social Responsibility Strategy.
10. Knowledge Management Strategy: Introduction, Process of Knowledge
Management, Sources and Types of Knowledge, Approaches to the Development of
Knowledge Management Strategies, Strategic Knowledge Management Issues,
Components of Knowledge Management Strategy.
Final Project:
Students are supposed to submit a final term project. The project will comprise of following
components:
 Form a fictitious Organization
 Develop a strategic plan
 Make an analysis of internal and external environment
 Draw HR policies
 Make alignment of strategic planning with HR policies
Note: All documents must be supported with authenticated reference.

Text book/Readings
1. “Armstrong’s Handbook of Strategic Human Resource Management” by Micheal

Armstrong, Latest Edition.
2. "Strategic Human Resource Management” by: Alan Nankervis, Robert Compton &
Marian Braid, 4th Edition.
3. “Strategic Human Resource Management” by Jeffery A. Mello and Human
Resource Management,2nd edition, Excel Books, N. Delhi
Finance Specialization II
Course Title: Taxation Management
Course Objective:
The basic objective of this course is to provide the students an overall view of the economic
structure of the country and to explain the salient features of Federal, Provincial and Local
taxation Laws. This course intends to develop skill in understanding the application of the
above legislation. To educate the students about availing all exemptions under the tax laws
is one of the main objectives along with enabling the students to plan and manage the
taxation matters in the best possible manner.
Learning Outcomes:
After completion of the course students will be able:
 To familiarize the students with the Income Tax Laws in Pakistan.

 To introduce to students the important elements and aspects of tax system and
authorities and their limits.
 To equip the students with necessary skills to deal with the situations concerning the
field of taxation.
Module Titles:
1. History of Income Taxation in Pakistan

2. Terminologies of income tax
3. Income exempt from tax
4. Heads of Income: Salary, Income from Business or Profession, Income from, House
Property, Income from Capital Gains, Income from Other Sources
5. Calculation of Tax: Tax rates, Rebates, Exemptions, Deductions
6. Assessment procedure
7. Practical Problems
Text Books/Readings (Latest Editions)
1. Income Tax: Principles and Practice, by Muhammad Muazzam Mughal

2. Income Tax: Problems & Solutions by Luqman Baig
3. Synopsis of taxes in Pakistan, by Munawer Hussain Mirza

Marketing Specialization II
Course Title: Advertising & Promotion
Course Objective
This course introduces students to the management, planning, evaluation, and use of
advertising and sales promotion. Specific topics include identifying promotional
opportunities, corporate and brand image, advertising management, advertising design,
media selection, consumer promotions, public relations and sponsorship.
This course is a required course for the Marketing major. The course has a managerial
orientation. Students take an analytical approach and apply advertising principles to solve
“real world” problems. This course seeks to bridge the gap between advertising theory and
practical application. Analytical advertising methods are examined from the managerial
perspective.
Learning Outcomes:
 To understand that advertising is oriented toward building market share and increasing
sales through the development of brand image and long-run consumer loyalty.
 To analyze the many elements of an advertising campaign, it’s planning, budget and the
execution of message strategy and media selection.
 To apply communication concepts: signs, field of experience, and meaning.
 To understand the ever-changing role of advertising and promotion along the products
lifecycle and extension strategy.
 To understand the importance of sale promotion and diversity of methods which can be
used by a company to promote its products for short or long term impact.
 To attain the position desired by the company in the market by advertising and
promotion, product innovation and customer services.
 To integrate ethical considerations into discussion of advertising topics throughout the
course.
Module Titles:
1. Introduction and Course Overview, Overview of integrated marketing communications
(IMC), the dimensions of Advertising, the evolution of modern advertising, Advertising
agencies and the media.
2. The marketing mix and advertising: Advertising and the product, price, place and the
promotion.
3. The advertising research stages: Advertising strategy determination, Concept
development and testing, Testing and evaluation of advertising.
4. Media planning and selection: Role of media in marketing framework, Defining media
objectives, Developing media strategies, Media selection and scheduling. Above the line
Advertising media: Print media: Newspapers and magazines, Electronic media:
Television, radio, internet, cable and its limitations. Broadcast and Interactive online
media.
5. Promotional mix: Below the line promotion. Innovative methods of promoting product
and services i.e. packaging, point-of-purchase, direct mail etc.
6. Sponsorship and Event marketing
7. How Brands work, Brand names, logos.
8. Advertising and Society: Environmental, regulatory, and ethical issues
9. Cultural and social Influences on consumers: Demographic, psychographic, and geo-
demographic targets,
10. Evaluative Research: Before, During, and after execution,
11. Marketing and Advertising Planning: Top-Down, Bottom –Up, and IMC,
12. Business to business advertising ,
Text book/Readings:
1. Contemporary Advertising, 8th Edition by William F. Arens

2. Advertising Principles and Practices, Sixth Edition by Wells, Burnett, Moriarty
Human Resource Management II
Course Title: Training and Development
Course Objective:
This course provides an overview of the importance of Training and Development in

Human Resource Management and for the overall organization. With the changing trends in
the market, organizations have recognized the significance of training and development
initiatives for their employees. Students will learn the implication of the concepts of training
and development in organizations.
Learning Outcomes:
Upon successful completion of this course, the students will be able to:
 Explain the role of training and development in human resources management,

Demonstrate the understanding of the issues in managing the training and
development function and its relation to organizational strategies and corporate
objectives
 Demonstrate the understanding of the training needs analysis process and write
measurable training objectives incorporating expected learning outcomes for skills
or attitude related training and development programs.
 Awareness of a variety of training and development methods and ability to select

and use appropriate methods to design an effective learning experience, Ability to
design a training program and successfully implement it.
 Understanding of issues in training evaluation and different methods available to

evaluate training and development programs.
 Make recommendations regarding special training and development issues such as

career paths, managing diversity, and work/life programs.
Module Titles:
1. Training in Organizations: overview of training, Trends in Training, Important
concept and meanings. Career opportunities in training.
2. Learning & Motivation and Performance: Understanding motivation and
performance, understanding learning. Aligning training design with learning process.
3. Aligning training to strategy: Strategic planning, OD, Strategy and training.
4. Training Need Analysis, conducting TNA for any organization. The TNA model.
Approaches to TNA and design. When to conduct a TNA and its framework.
5. Training Design and transfer: Developing objectives, Organizational constraints,
Design theory.
6. Training methods: Off-the-job training methods, On-the-job training methods,
traditional and computer based training methods, costs and benefits of each method,
Choosing right methods for training according to the predefined area and objectives
7. Development & Implementation of Training: Development, Implementation and
Transfer of training. Major players in Training and development.
8. Employee & Management Development: Employee development, Management
development. Training for executive level management.
Final Project:
The project is mandatory for qualifying the final term paper and is comprises of a
comprehensive report or a presentation of training need analysis and methods of training
implemented in any company operating in public or private sector.
Text book/Readings:
1. Blanchard, Nick P; Thacker, James W. (2010). Effective Training: Systems,

Strategies and Practices. (4th Edition).Pearson Education. Prentice Hall.
2. Saks, A.M. &Haccoun, R.R. (2010). Managing Performance through Training
and Development (5th ed.). Scarborough, ON: Nelson Canada.
3. Noe, Ramyond. A. (2010).Employee Training and Development. (6th edition), New
York: McGraw-Hill/Irwin.

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STRUCTURE OF SCHEME OF STUDY

Nature of Courses Numbers of Course Credits Hours

Course No Course Title Credits

Course No Course Title Credits

Course No Course Title Credits

Course No Course Title Credits

Course No Course Title Credits

Total Credit Hours: 17+17+18+15+15+18+18+18=136

Department of Management Sciences

Syllabus BBA Program

Year – 1 (1st Semester)

Course Title: Financial Accounting-I

Course Code: Maj/MGT-101

Introduce students accounting fundamentals with a view to understand the technicalities of

1. Accounting Information: A means to an end, Accounting from a User’s perspective,

Department of Management Sciences

Syllabus BBA Program

Year – 1 (1st Semester)

Course Title: Introduction to Management

Course Code: Maj/MGT-102

1. Introduction to Management. What is meant by Organization, The management

4. Decision Making: Managerial decision making, managers as decision makers, steps in

1. Stephen P. Robbins & Mary Coutler, Management, International Edition.

Department of Management Sciences

Syllabus BBA Program

Year – 1 (1st Semester)

Course Title: Business Ethics

Course Code: Maj/MGT-103

 “An Introduction to Business Ethics” by Mian Muhammad Akram

Department of Management Sciences

Syllabus BBA Program

Year – 1 (1st Semester)

Course Title: IT in Business-I

Course Code: Min/CS-101

This is the elementary course of computer sciences to give an introduction of computer

The student will be able to:

1. Introduction: Definition and characteristics of computers, Evolution of computers,

a. An Orientation to PowerPoint and Presentation: The PowerPoint Environment,

1. “Introduction to Computers” by P.K. Sinha.

Department of Management Sciences

Syllabus BBA Program

Year – 1 (2nd Semester)

Course Title: Financial Accounting-II

Course Code: Maj/MGT-104

1. Forms of business organization: sole proprietorships, partnerships, corporations:

Department of Management Sciences

Syllabus BBA Program

Year – 1 (2nd Semester)

Course Title: Business Communication and Technical Writing

Course Code: Maj/MGT-105

This course will help students to:

1. Importance of Effective Business Communication: components of

Books Recommended (Latest Editions)

1. Hert A. Murphy & Herbert W. Hildebrandt , Jane P. Thomas, Effective Business

1. Economic and Business Review (DAWN)

Department of Management Sciences

Syllabus BBA Program

Year – 1 (2nd Semester)

Course Title: Micro Economics

Course Code: Min/Eco-102

After completing the program the student should be able to:

1. The principals of Economics: How people make decision.