GERUND Герундій

Аctive Passive
Indefinite writing being written
Perfect having written having been written

Зробіть завдання, використовуючи форми Герундія (див. таблицю)

Exercise 1G.
Choose the correct variant. Keep in mind that need, require, want and be
worth are combined with Gerund in Active to express the passive meaning!

Example: The shoes need/want/require repairing.

Взуття потрібно відремонтувати.
The play is worth seeing.
П’єсу варто подивитися.

1. The clothes require (mending/ being mended).

2. The room needs (being painted/painting).
3. The batteries in the radio need (being changed/changing).
4. It is a difficult problem. It needs (thinking/being thought) about very carefully.
5. His name is not worth (mentioning/being mentioned).
6. The magazine is worth (being subscribed/subscribing to).
7. The event is worth (being commented/commenting on).
8. Mr. Brook’s theories are worth (listening to/being listened to).
9. I don’t think this newspaper is worth (reading/having been read).
10. Olga got used to (driving/being driven) a car in London.
11. James objected to Alice’s (being stayed/staying) at the Astor Hotel.
12. The manager approved of the problem (being discussed/discussing) in
detail.
13. He denies (seeing/having seen) the document before.
14. Jean often mentions (being known/knowing) Mr. Anderson.
15. Mrs. Blank apologized for (being caused/having caused) so much trouble.
16. Everybody congratulated Prof. Anderson on (having carried out/having
been carried out) the experiment successfully.
Exercise 2G.
Read the passage below, and then look at the table above. Find the gerunds
and decide whether they function as the subject, the subject complement, the
object of a verb, or the object of a preposition.

You cannot create a picture simply by specifying primitives. Instead, you must
specify the primitives and their attributes, then transform them by specifying where
and how you want them placed on the screen so they create your picture.
Transformation means moving or otherwise manipulating the object by translating,
rotating and scaling the object. Translation is moving an object along an axis to
somewhere else in the viewing area. Rotation is turning the object around an axis.
Scaling is making the object larger or smaller in any of the horizontal, vertical or
depth directions (corresponding to the x, y and z axes). The term rendering
describes the techniques used to make your object look real. Rendering includes
hidden surface removal, shading, light sources and reflections.

Exercise 3G.
Complete the sentences by using a gerund from those in the box.
creating adding clicking processing printing rendering

1. Graphic artists like _____ colour and depth to their drawings and designs.
2. A 32-bit painting program has a complete palette of tools for _____
images from scratch.
3. The speed of a microprocessor is important in _____ information.
4. Before _____ a document, the user should decide on the layout.
5. You can open the colour palette by _____ on the pop-up icon.
6. _____ refers to the techniques used to make realistic images.

Exercise 4G.
Translate the following sentences paying attention to Gerund.

1. Reading technical literature in English is very important for an engineer.

2. Printing is the final stage in creating a document.
3. Ink-jet printers operate by projecting small ink droplets onto paper to
produce images.
4. It is not worth buying this monitor.
5. I remember attending his lectures on programming.
6. After graduating from the University he will be a system engineer.
7. He began testing the program immediately.
8. The organizers of the conference were informed of his having refused to
take part in it.
9. I remember his having been interested in computers in his childhood.
10. It goes without saying that they are still expensive for students.
11. Mechanical engineers use sophisticated programs for applications in
computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing.
12. Basically, computer graphics help users to understand complex
information quickly by presenting it in a clear visual form.
13. Debugging а program is а hard job.
14. Оnе of the benefits of buying а system is that it has detailed
documentation with it.
15. Ву performing different kinds of operations on а computer, people solve а
lot of different problems.
16. Programming is the process of preparing, testing, correcting instructions
for а computer.
17. Logical operations consist in comparing, selecting, sorting, matching &
determining.
18. After performing calculations а computer displays some result.
19. (His) Ivan’s being а brilliant programmer is а well known fact.
20. We saw the operator having made the machine operate.