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Abstract--Dry-type transformer temperature controllers are the problems of breakdown automatically and so on. In this
installed on transformers and located in different sites outside, way ,we realize the safe and stable operaton of the entire
which brings inconvenience to the management and operation. electrical power distribution system that consist of 32
The HCI(Human Computer Interface) in monitor and control
transformers and others . And sovle the problem of the
centre whose function is complete and direct-viewing can be
operated simply and easily, and it can manage and operate many inconvenient operation on temperature controllers located in
temperature controllers inside the monitor and controller centre. different sites,realizing the real-time controlling and setting to
Using RISC(Reduced Instruction Set Computer) high speed each controller[6].
MCU(Micro Control Unit) ATmega128, a dry-type temperature
controller is designed, and then embedding ModBus-RS485 II. HARDWARE STRUCTURE AND PRINCIPLE OF
protocol, realizing the data communication between 32 CONTROLLER[7-9]
temperature controllers and HCI in monitor and control centre.
The temperature controller of dry-type transformer based on
In this way, a temperature control system is designed. The
hardware design and principle of temperature controller are ATmega128 is mainly composed from 4 parts[3-4]: MCU(Micro
introduced, main functions of HCI system that is designed with Control Unit) processor, temperature sensor, A/D module,
Delphi in monitor and control centre are described and design display and control module; while as one of the controllers, it
block diagram of the main program is given, with the communicates with HCI(Human and Computer Interface) in
introduction of embedded Modbus-RS485 protocol and CRC-16 monitor and control centre through RS485 just as others do.
checking. Practice proves that the whole system that consist of
Figure 1 shows system structure schematic diagram. Selecting
temperature controller and HCI in monitor and control centre
runs well. MCP3204 which is produced by Microchip Corporation as AD
chip, using TLC5620 which Texas Instruments Corporation
produces as DA chip, choosing Max485 which Maxim
Key words--dry-type transformer;HCI(Human and Computer
Interface); ModBus; monitor and control centre ; temperature Corporation produces as 485 correspondence , using chip
controller LM324 to make the signal enlargement, using LM7812 and
L7805 to make three-end manostat, a dry-type transformer
I. INTRODUCTION temperature controller with high performance and low cost is
Send dada to
controller
Function
Address accord
code =10h
Y
Y
Function
N
code=03h
Controller modify
control temperature
and reply
Y Function
code= 05h
C ontroller reply˖
tem peratureǃ
pow er-cut records Y
R eceived
C RC =send C R C
Start or stop blowers
a nd reply
controllerÿ s
w orking state N N
R eceived C RC = send
N
CRC Y
N
Y W rite control
R eceived C RC =send tem perature into
CR C C urre nt-State shee t
Power-c ut N
records change
N Y
ᰃ
W rite corresponding
W rite corresponding
value into 2
value into C urrent-
datashee ts,corre spon
Sta te datasheet,light Send next data
ding indication light
bright or dark
bright or dark
C.Modbus-RS485 Protocol Introduction[10] the Modbus protocol. This protocol defines a message
structure that controllers will recognize and use, regardless of
1. Modbus Protocol the type of networks over which they communicate. It
The common language used by all Modicon controllers is
describes the process a controller uses to request access to make the whole system of temperature control superior are
another device, how it will respond to requests from the other the low cost and high reliability of hardware choice and the
devices, and how errors will be detected and reported. It perfect software(HMI) functions. It realizes the
establishes a common format for the layout and contents of transformation from the safe protection of single transformer
message fields. to the monitoring and controlling safe operation of entire
Controllers can be setup to communicate on standard electrical power distribution system. The biggest merit of the
Modbus networks using either of two transmission modes: temperature control system is HCI system in monitor and
ASCII or RTU. control centre whose function is complete and direct-viewing
This paper has used the Modbus-RS485 correspondence and which is operated by user simply and easily .Another
protocol to implement the correspondence between lower merit is that it is very convenient for user to exert real-time
position machine(controller) and on the position study on the working temperature of transformers through the
machine(HCI),having taken Modbus-RTU (Remote Terminal setting of display time and address. The principle of design
Unit) query-response way, with the baud rate 9600 BPS, 8-bit and the programming thought, could be applied in other
data as well as non-parity check bit ,and the outset and stop bit situations of temperature monitoring and controlling , which
each having 1 .The user can also select another makes it have very high promoted value.
communication way(Correspondence Port Setting). V. REFERENCES
[1] H.G. Zhu, S.G.Liu, “Design of temperature controller for dry-type
2. Modbus Message Framing transformer,”Transformer, vol. 44, pp. 74-76, 2007.
A typical RTU message frame is shown below as Table 1. [2] A.P. Zhang, J.J. Wu, “Development of temperature control instrument
for dry-type transformer,” Engineering Journal of Wuhan University,
TABLE 1 vol. 34,pp. 86-89,2001.
RTU MESSAGE FRAME [3] C. Ma, “Principle and application guide of advanced 8-bit MCU
Atmega128,”Beijing:Beijing Aerospace University Press,2004.
[4] [4](2004).ATMEL.Atmega128datasheet.[Online].
Start Address Function Data CRC End Available:http://www.atmel.com/dyn/resources/prod_documents/doc2
T1-T2- 8bit 8bit n x 16bit T1-T2- 467_cn.pdf
T3-T4 8bit T3-T4 [5] C. Ji, “Application of PLC in distributed supervisory system of dry
transformer,” Electric Power Automation Equipment, vol. 23, pp.
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The CRC field checks the contents of the entire message. The Electric Times, vol. 16, pp. 86-87, 2005.
[7] F.Y. Zhang,C.J. Chen, Q.W. Lai, “Design of temperature measurement
CRC value is calculated by the transmitting device, which controller for DTC-4305 three-phase dry transformer,”Journal of
appends the CRC to the end of the message. The receiving Nanchang University(Natural Science),vol. 22,pp. 239-244,1998.
device recalculates the CRC of the received message, and [8] Y.K. Zhao,J.Q. Wang, “Intelligent temperature controller design on
comparing the two CRC, if they are different from each other, dry-type transformer based on Atmega16,”Instrumentation Technology,
vol. 1, pp. 47-48, 2005.
that means the transmission has errors. [9] Q.X. Zhu, M.Chen, “Instrument with single - chip microcomputer for
monitoring temperature of dry–type transformer ,” Transformer, vol. 5,
Č.CONCLUSION pp. 20-22, 1998.
[10] X.H. Yang,“Industrial data communication and control networks,”
Embedded ModBus-RS485 protocol, we enhance the
Beijing:Tsinghua University Press,2003.
liability of data communication and compatibility of the [11] (2004). ModBus Communication Protocol [Online].Available:
system, which makes HCI givethe real-time monitoring and
controlling to 32 dry-type transformers successfully .What