Вы находитесь на странице: 1из 12

Problem

Rachelle uses 3 pounds of meat to make 8 hamburgers for her family. How many pounds of meat does

she need to make 24 hamburgers for a neighborhood picnic?

Solution

Since Rachelle uses   pounds of meat to make   hamburgers, she uses   pounds of meat to make one

hamburger. To find out the pounds of meat she needs for  hamburgers, multiply   and   to obtain

the answer,  .

Problem

In the country of East Westmore, statisticians estimate there is a baby born every   hours and a death

every day. To the nearest hundred, how many people are added to the population of East Westmore

each year?

Solution

There are   births and one death everyday in East Westmore. Therefore, the population increases by   

people everyday. Thus, there are   people added to the population every year. Rounding,

we find the answer is  .

Problem

On February 13 The Oshkosh Northwester listed the length of daylight as 10 hours and 24 minutes, the

sunrise was  , and the sunset as  . The length of daylight and sunrise were correct, but

the sunset was wrong. When did the sun really set?

Solution

The problem wants us to find the time of sunset and gives us the length of daylight and time of

sunrise. So all we have to do is add the length of daylight to the time of sunrise to obtain the answer.

Convert 10 hours and 24 minutes into   in order to add easier.

Adding, we find that the time of sunset is  .


Problem

Peter's family ordered a 12-slice pizza for dinner. Peter ate one slice and shared another slice equally

with his brother Paul. What fraction of the pizza did Peter eat?

Solution

Peter ate   slices. The pizza has   slices total. Taking the ratio of the amount of slices Peter

ate to the amount of slices in the pizza, we find that Peter ate   of the pizza.

Problem

In the diagram, all angles are right angles and the lengths of the sides are given in centimeters. Note

the diagram is not drawn to scale. What is ,   in centimeters?

Solution

There is a segment of length one on the segment with length  , which creates a segment of length  ,

which is also the value of  . Thus, the answer is  .

Problem

A rectangular photograph is placed in a frame that forms a border two inches wide on all sides of the

photograph. The photograph measures 8 inches high and 10 inches wide. What is the area of the

border, in square inches?

Solution

In order to find the area of the border, we need to subtract the area of the photograph from the area

of the photograph and the frame. Right off the bat, we can see that the area of the photograph
is   square inches. The dimensions of the whole frame (including the photograph) would

be  by  . Therefore, the area of the photograph and frame would

be   square inches. Subtracting the area of the photograph from the area of both the

frame and photograph, we find the answer to be  .

Problem

Isabella must take four 100-point tests in her math class. Her goal is to achieve an average grade of

95 on the tests. Her first two test scores were 97 and 91. After seeing her score on the third test, she

realized she can still reach her goal. What is the lowest possible score she could have made on the

third test?

Solution

Since Isabella wants an average grade of   on her tests, we can say she wants the sum of here test

scores to be  . We already have two test scores which sum to  , which means she

needs   more points to achieve her desired average. In order to minimize the score on the third test,

we assume that Isabella received all   points on the fourth test. Therefore, the lowest Isabella could

have scored on the third test would be  .

Problem

A shop advertises everything is "half price in today's sale." In addition, a coupon gives a 20% discount

on sale prices. Using the coupon, the price today represents what percentage off the original price?

Solution

Apply the first discount, so the price is  % of the original. Then apply the next  % discount to find

that the price is now  % of the original. However, we need to find the percentage off the original

price, not the current percentage of the price. We then subtract  % from  % (the original price of

the item), to find the answer,  .

Problem

The Fort Worth Zoo has a number of two-legged birds and a number of four-legged mammals. On one

visit to the zoo, Margie counted 200 heads and 522 legs. How many of the animals that Margie counted

were two-legged birds?


Solution

Let the number of two-legged birds be   and the number of four-legged mammals be  . We can now

use systems of equations to solve this problem.

Make two equations:

Now multiply the latter equation by  .

Using cancellation, we find that  . Since there were   heads, meaning that

there were   animals, there were  two-legged birds.

Problem

How many 4-digit numbers greater than 1000 are there that use the four digits of 2012?

Solution

For this problem, all we need to do is find the amount of valid 4-digit numbers that can be made from

the digits of  , since all of the valid 4-digit number will always be greater than  . The best way

to solve this problem is by using casework.

There can be only two leading digits, namely   or  .

When the leading digit is  , you can make   such numbers.

When the leading digit is  , you can make   such numbers.

Summing the amounts of numbers, we find that there are   such numbers.

Problem

The mean, median, and unique mode of the positive integers 3, 4, 5, 6, 6, 7, and   are all equal. What

is the value of  ?

Solution
Since there must be an unique mode, we can eliminate answer choices   and  . Now we

need to test the remaining answer choices.

Case 1: 

Mode: 

Median: 

Mean: 

Since the mean does not equal the median or mode,   can also be eliminated.

Case 2: 

Mode: 

Median: 

Mean: 

We are done with this problem, because we have found when  , the condition is satisfied.

Therefore, the answer is  .

Problem

What is the units digit of  ?

Solution

The problem wants us to find the units digit of  , therefore, we can eliminate the tens digit of  ,

because the tens digit will not affect the final result. So our new expression is  . Now we need to

look for a pattern in the units digit.

We observe that there is a pattern for the units digit which recurs every four powers of three. Using

this pattern, we divide can subtract 1 from 2012 and divide by 4. The remainder is the power of three

that we are looking for, minus 1.   divided by   leaves a remainder of  , so the answer is the units

digit of  , or  . Thus, we find that the units digit of   is  .
Problem

Jamar bought some pencils costing more than a penny each at the school bookstore and paid  .

Sharona bought some of the same pencils and paid  . How many more pencils did Sharona buy

than Jamar?

Solution

We assume that the price of the pencils remains constant. Convert   and   to cents. Since the

price of the pencils is more than one penny, we can find the price of one pencil (in cents) by taking the

greatest common divisor of   and  , which is  . Therefore, Jamar bought   pencils

and Sharona bought   pencils. Thus, Sharona bought   more pencils

than Jamar.

Problem

In the BIG N, a middle school football conference, each team plays every other team exactly once. If a

total of 21 conference games were played during the 2012 season, how many teams were members of

the BIG N conference?

Solution

This problem is very similar to a handshake problem. We use the formula   to usually find the

number of games played (or handshakes). Now we have to use the formula in reverse.

So we have the equation  . Solving, we find that the number of teams in the BIG N

conference is  .

Problem

The smallest number greater than 2 that leaves a remainder of 2 when divided by 3, 4, 5, or 6 lies

between what numbers?

Solution

To find the answer to this problem, we need to find the least common multiple of  ,  ,  ,   and add   

to the result. The least common multiple of the four numbers is  , and by adding  , we find that that
such number is  . Now we need to find the only given range that contains  . The only such range is

answer , and so our final answer is  .

Problem

Each of the digits 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9 is used only once to make two five-digit numbers so

that they have the largest possible sum. Which of the following could be one of the numbers?

Solution

In order to maximize the sum of the numbers, the numbers must have their digits ordered in

decreasing value. There are only two numbers from the answer choices with this property:   

and  . To determine the answer we will have to use estimation and the first two digits of the

numbers.

For   the number that would maximize the sum would start with  . The first two digits of   

(when rounded) are  . Adding   and  , we find that the first three digits of the sum of the two

numbers would be  .

For   the number that would maximize the sum would start with  . The first two digits of   

(when rounded) are  . Adding   and  , we find that the first three digits of the sum of the two

numbers would be  .

From the estimations, we can say that the answer to this problem is  .

Problem

A square with integer side length is cut into 10 squares, all of which have integer side length and at

least 8 of which have area 1. What is the smallest possible value of the length of the side of the

original square?

Solution

The first answer choice  , can be eliminated since there must be   squares with integer side

lengths. We then test the next largest sidelength which is  . The square with area   can be

partitioned into   squares with area   and two squares with area  , which satisfies all the conditions of

the problem. Therefore, the smallest possible value of the length of the side of the original square

is  .
Problem

What is the smallest positive integer that is neither prime nor square and that has no prime factor less

than 50?

Solution

The problem states that the answer cannot be a perfect square or have prime factors less than  .

Therefore, the answer will be the product of at least two different primes greater than  . The two

smallest primes greater than   are   and  . Multiplying these two primes, we obtain the

number  , which is also the smallest number on the list of answer choices. So we are done, and the

answer is  .

Problem

In a jar of red, green, and blue marbles, all but 6 are red marbles, all but 8 are green, and all but 4 are

blue. How many marbles are in the jar?

Solution

Let   be the number of red marbles,   be the number of green marbles, and   be the number of blue

marbles.

We have three equations:

Now we use some algebraic manipulation.

We add all the equations to obtain a fourth equation:

Now divide by   on both sides to find the total number of marbles:

. The total number of marbles in the jar is  .

Problem

What is the correct ordering of the three numbers  ,  , and  , in increasing order?
Solution

The value of   is  . Now we give all the fractions a common denominator.

Ordering the fractions from least to greatest, we find that they are in the order listed. Therefore, our

final answer is  .

Problem

Marla has a large white cube that has an edge of 10 feet. She also has enough green paint to cover

300 square feet. Marla uses all the paint to create a white square centered on each face, surrounded

by a green border. What is the area of one of the white squares, in square feet?

Solution

The surface area of this cube is   square feet. Maria's paint can cover a total of   square feet.

Since all the faces of the cube have an identical design, Maria's paint covers half of every face of the

cube. The surface area of one of the faces of the cube is   square feet. Then, her paint will cover   

square feet of every face. Thus, the area of one of the white squares will be   

square feet.

Problem

Let   be a set of nine distinct integers. Six of the elements are 2, 3, 4, 6, 9, and 14. What is the

number of possible values of the median of   ?

Solution

First, we find that the minimum value of the median of   will be  .

We then experiment with sequences of numbers to determine other possible medians.


Median: 

Sequence: 

Median: 

Sequence: 

Median: 

Sequence: 

Median: 

Sequence: 

Median: 

Sequence: 

Median: 

Sequence: 

Any number greater than   also cannot be a median of set  .

There are then   possible medians of set  .

Problem

An equilateral triangle and a regular hexagon have equal perimeters. If the area of the triangle is 4,

what is the area of the hexagon?

Solution

Let the perimeter of the equilateral triangle be  . The side length of the equilateral triangle would

then be   and the sidelength of the hexagon would be  .

A hexagon contains six equilateral triangles. One of these triangles would be similar to the large

equilateral triangle in the ratio  , since the sidelength of the small equilateral triangle is half the

sidelength of the large one. Thus, the area of one of the small equilateral triangles is  . The area of the

hexagon is then  .

Problem

A circle of radius 2 is cut into four congruent arcs. The four arcs are joined to form the star figure

shown. What is the ratio of the area of the star figure to the area of the original circle?
Solution

Draw a square around the star figure. The sidelength of this square is  , because the sidelength is the

diameter of the circle. The square forms  -quarter circles around the star figure. This is the equivalent

of one large circle with radius  , meaning that the total area of the quarter circles is  . The area of

the square is  . Thus, the area of the star figure is  . The area of the circle is  . Taking the

ratio of the two areas, we find the answer is  .

Problem

A square with area 4 is inscribed in a square with area 5, with one vertex of the smaller square on

each side of the larger square. A vertex of the smaller square divides a side of the larger square into

two segments, one of length  , and the other of length  . What is the value of  ?

Solution 1

The total area of the four congruent triangles formed by the squares is  . Therefore, the area of one of

these triangles is  . The height of one of these triangles is   and the base is  . Using the formula for

area of the triangle, we have  . Multiply by   on both sides to find that the value of   

is  .

Solution 2
To solve this problem you could also use algebraic manipulation.

Since the area of the large square is  , the sidelength is  .

We then have the equation  .

We also know that the sidelength of the smaller square is  , since its area is  . Then, the segment of

length   and segment of length   form a right triangle whose hypotenuse would have length  .

So our second equation is  .

Square both equations.

Now, subtract, and obtain the equation  . We can deduce that the value of   is  .

Вам также может понравиться