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Практическое задание № 9 09.04.2020

В случае возникновения вопросов обращайтесь в Skype по ссылке:

https://join.skype.com/invite/aYPoiq7q4dR1
 Студент: Кузенков В.А Группа: ИМ-791
Практическое задание № 9
1. Прочитайте и будьте готовы перевести текст.
 Ответьте на вопросы:

Horses and oxen

Wheels were solid discs

1. Make wheel light and hard; 2.wheel with spokes; 3. Wheel covered with iron and
then rubber.

Two people

George Stephenson

the government had little interest, but after the debate, Russia decided to invite foreign
engineers

Skillful mechanics and serfs, who invented and built the first steam locomotive

“baby” he have under the boiler two cylinder which turned the locomotive two driving
wheels.At the front there was a smoke stack ,while at the back there was a platform
for the driver
широко ли используются
локомотивы в россии
Yes,wide
Найдите английские эквиваленты в тексте:
Например:
колесо wheel
одно из величайших изобретений One of mankind’s earliest and greatest
inventions was the wheel
проблема, которую нужно решить The problem to be solved was to make the
wheels lighter
четырехколесное транспортное средство Latter people joined together a pair of
two-wheeled carts into a four wheeled
vehicle
дальнейшее развитие Their further development was prevented
by railway comp.
 ж/д перевозки In Russia the tsar’s government showed
little interest in railway transportations

2. Изучите следующее правило:

Passive Voice (Cтрадательный залог)
Роль лица или предмета, выраженного подлежащим в предложении, может быть
различна: лицо или предмет могут быть активными, т.е. сами производить действие,
либо пассивными, т.е. подвергаться действию со стороны другого предмета. В
зависимости от того, что является в данном высказывании более существенным –
деятель или предмет, на который направлено действие, сказуемое получает различное
грамматическое оформление: оно может быть выражено действительным залогом
(активной формой глагола) или страдательным (пассивной формой глагола).
В английском языке пассивная форма глагола состоит из вспомогательного глагола to
be и смыслового глагола в третьей форме (второго причастия). Глагол to be
является личной глагольной формой и изменяется в зависимости от лица и числа
подлежащего и времени действия. Третья форма основного глагола остается
неизменной.
to be + III (форма глагола)
или to be + глагол с окончанием -ed
Например:

Active Passive

1. I bought this book yesterday. 1. This book was bought (by me)

yesterday.
2. Snow will cover the ground  2. The ground will be covered with snow.
3. I am writing a new book. 3. A new book is being written by me.
4. They usually sing such songs in class. 4. Such songs are usually sang by them
in class.
5. Has the manager checked up your 5. Has your report been checked
report? up by the manager?
6. Jane’s friends gave her many presents 6. Jane was given many presents for her
for her birthday. birthday.

7. Everybody listened to the lecturer 7. The lecturer was listened to with great
with great attention. attention.

3. Выполните упражнения
Перепишите предложения, используя passive voice.
0. People build houses. Houses are built by people
1. People drive cars. the cars is drived people
2. Workers built the garage in one week. -in one week workers the built garage
3. The teacher often speaks to me. -teacher often tallked me
4. My brother is writing an email in his -
room.
5. The policeman stopped Jim when he was -
crossing the street yesterday.
6. We can’t see the ship anywhere now. -
7. I have been making cakes all the morning. -

Дополните предложения по образцу:

0. Thousands of new houses (to build) ... every year.
Thousands of new houses are built every year.
1. I’m not wearing my black suit today. It (to repair) ... .
I’m not wearing my black suit today. It is beginning repaired
2. Why the car (not to lock) ... ?
Hasn’t been locked
3. Bags must not (to leave) ... in the hall.
Be left
4. He (to take) ... to hospital this afternoon.
Was taken
5. It was midnight, and the girl was afraid; she thought she (to follow) ... .
Was begin folowed
6. This wallet (to leave) ... in a classroom yesterday, it (find) ... by the teacher.
Was left; was found
Дополните предложения по образцу:
0 The Chairman of the Board asked the Managing Director to remain in charge for another
year.
The Managing Director was asked to remain in charge for another year.

1. Someone told me that you bake the best bread in town, sir.
I __ впечатывать сюда __ that you bake the best bread in town, sir.
2. They have planted thousands of trees alongside the E19 motorway.
Thousands of trees __ впечатывать сюда __ alongside the E 19 motorway.
3. They will crown Eddy Murphy sportsman of the century.
Eddy Murphy __ впечатывать сюда __ sportsman of the century.
4. They have to work out a publicity campaign to restore the image of Belgium in the
world.
A publicity campaign __ впечатывать сюда __ to restore the image of Belgium in the
world.
5. They should do everything to bring war criminals to justice.
Everything __ впечатывать сюда __ to bring war criminals to justice.
6. We require suitable candidates to be bilingual.
Suitable candidates __ впечатывать сюда __ to be bilingual.

4. Прочитайте и будьте готовы перевести текст.

The United Kingdom is a constitutional or parliamentary monarchy. It is known as
the land of law and order. The British Constitution is unwritten and is not contained in any
single document. It is based on Acts of Parliament (laws). The Queen is the head of the
state. The monarch, Queen Elizabeth II, who succeeded to the throne in 1952, is officially
head of all three branches of power. Everything is done in the queen’s name. It is her
government, her law courts, her armed forces and so on. She appoints all the Ministers,
including the Prime Minister. But according to the Constitution, power in the country
belongs to Parliament, which is responsible for the national policy. Everything is done on
the advice of the elected government, and the monarch takes no part in the decision-making
process. So it is often said that the Queen reigns (царствует) but doesn't rule.
The remaining powers of the monarch are basically:
▪ to open and close the Parliament;
▪ to approve the appointment of the Prime Minister, government ministers, officers
of the armed forces, governors and diplomats;
▪ to appoint bishops and judges;
▪ to give Royal Assent to legislation;
▪ to give honours such as peerages, knighthoods and medals;
▪ to give mercy, remit sentences (смягчать приговоры) passed on convicted
criminals.
The system of state power includes 3 branches: Parliament, which makes laws (the
legislative branch); the Government, which puts laws into effect (the executive power);
and the law courts, which interpret Acts of Parliament (the judicial branch).
The British Parliament consists of the House of Lords and the House of
Commons, which is the main law-making body.
The House of Commons consists of 659 members known as Members of
Parliament (MPs for short). Each of them represents an area in England, Scotland, Wales
and Northern Ireland. MPs are elected by the adult population at a general election every
five years. The Head of the Commons is the Speaker.
The House of Lords consists of more than 1,000 hereditary (наследственный) and
life peers, including the law lords appointed to undertake the judicial duties of the House.
But only about 250 take an active part in the work of the house, including the Lords
Spiritual (26 bishops of the Church of England) and the Lords Temporal (светский), who
undertake the judicial duties. The chairman of the House of Lords is Lord Chancellor, who
sits on a special seat called The Woolsack (a symbol of British welfare). The monarch’s
throne is in the Lords. The Queen sits on it once to make her speech at the opening of a new
session of Parliament.

Дополните фразы:
0. The United Kingdom is a constitutional or parliamentary __________.
The United Kingdom is a constitutional or parliamentary monarchy.
1. The British Constitution is based on _____________.
Ответ впечатывать сюда
2. ____________ is the head of the state.
Ответ впечатывать сюда
3. The Queen appoints all ______________________.
Ответ впечатывать сюда
4. The Queen reigns but doesn't _________________.
Ответ впечатывать сюда
5. The British Parliament consists of______________.
Ответ впечатывать сюда
6. The House of Commons consists of _____________.
Ответ впечатывать сюда
7. The House of Lords consists of ________________.
Ответ впечатывать сюда
8. Only about 250 peers take an active part in the work of the house, including _________.
Ответ впечатывать сюда