PAMANTASAN NG LUNGSOD NG MAYNILA

COLLEGE OF HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES

“NATIONAL ARTISTS"

(ARCHITECTURE, FASHION AND DESIGN, LITERATURE AND MUSIC)

NALUZ, DAVE E.

BSCE 2-1

FEBRUARY 19, 2020

I. OUTLINE
LIST OF NATIONAL ARTISTS (Architecture, Fashion and Design, Literature and
Music)
 Architecture
 Pablo S. Antonio
 Leandro V. Locsin
 Juan F. Nakpil
 Ildefonso P. Santos
 Jose Maria V. Zaragoza
 Francisco T. Mañosa

 Fashion and Design

 Ramon Valera

 Literature
 Francisco Arcellana
 Edith L. Tiempo
 Bienvenido Lumbera
 N.V.M. Gonzalez
 Virgilio Almario
 Cirilo F. Bautista
 Nick Joaquin
 Amado V. Hernandez
 Lazaro Francisco
 F. Sionil Jose
 Carlos P. Romulo
 Jose Garcia Villa
 Alejandro Roces
 Rolando S. Tinio
 Levi Celerio
 Resil B. Mojares
 Ramon L. Munzones

 Music
 Antonino Buenaventura
 Jose Maceda
 Lucrecia R. Kasilag
 Ernani J. Cuenco
 Lucio San Pedro
 Antonio J. Molina
 Francisco Feliciano
 Levi Celerio
 Ramon P. Santos
 Jovita Fuentes
 Felipe Padilla De Leon
 Andrea Veneracion
 Honorata “Atang” dela Rama
 Ryan Cayabyab
II. CONTENT
ARCHITECTURE

 Pablo Sebero Antonio

 He pioneered modern Philippine architecture. His basic design is grounded
on simplicity, no clutter. The lines are clean and smooth, and where there are
curves, these are made integral to the structure. His prevailing style of the
time is Neoclassicism.
 Antonio is also known for his maximum use of natural light and cross
ventilation.
 Major Works/Contributions:
 Far Eastern University Administration and Science buildings;
 Manila Polo Club
 Ideal Theater; Lyric Theater; Galaxy Theater
 Capitan Luis Gonzaga Building; Boulevard-Alhambra (now Bel-Air)
apartments
 Ramon Roces Publications Building (now Guzman Institute of
Electronics).

 Leandro V. Locsin
 He reshaped the urban landscape with a distinctive architecture reflective of
Philippine Art and Culture
 “The product of two great streams of culture, the oriental and the occidental…
to produce a new object of profound harmony.”
 Major Works/Contributions:
 Istana Nurul Iman, the palace of the Sultan of Brunei
 The Cultural Center of the Philippines, Folk Arts Theater, Philippine
International Convention Center,
 Philcite and The Westin Hotel (now Sofitel Philippine Plaza).

 Juan F. Nakpil
 Architect, teacher, and civic leader is a pioneer and innovator in Philippine
architecture.
 He was known for his Philippine Architecture. Juan has integrated strength,
function and beauty in the buildings that are the country’s heritage today.
 Major Works/Contributions:
 1937 International Eucharistic Congress altar and rebuilt and enlarged
the Quiapo Church in 1930 adding a dome and a second belfry to the
original design.
 Geronimo de los Reyes Building, Magsaysay Building
 Rizal Theater
 University of the Philippines Administration and University Library,
 Reconstructed Rizal house in Calamba, Laguna.

 Ildefonso P. Santos
 Distinguished himself by pioneering the practice of landscape architecture–an
allied field of architecture–in the Philippines
 Major Works/Contributions:
 Makati Commercial Center where he introduced a new concept of
outdoor shopping with landscaped walks.
 Tagaytay Highland Resort
  Mt. Malarayat Golf and Country Club in Lipa, Batangas, and the
Orchard Golf and Country Club in Imus, Cavite.

 José María V. Zaragoza

 According to Zaragoza, his view to architecture is defined by a significant
body of modern edifices that address spiritual and secular requirements. He
is synonymous to modern ecclesiastical architecture
 His training in Rome resulted in innovative approaches, setting new standards
for the design of mid-century Catholic churches in the Philippines.
 Major Works/Contributions:
 Santo Domingo Church
 The restoration of the Quiapo Church
 Meralco Building (Pasig Cty).

 Francisco T. Mañosa
 From the 1960s in his landmark design of the Sulo Hotel until his retirement
about 2015, he courageously and passionately created original Filipino forms,
spaces with intricate and refined details.
 Major Works/Contributions:
 Metrorail Transit System Stations for LRT 1 (1980)
 Quezon Memorial Circle Development Plan
 Tahanang Pilipino (Coconut Palace)
 La Mesa Watershed Resort and Ecological Park, and the La Mesa
Dam, Quezon City.

FASHION AND DESIGN

 Ramon Valera
 This artist whose family hails from Abra, lies in the tradition of excellence of
his works, and his commitment to his profession, performing his magical
seminal innovations on the Philippine terno.
 Major Works/Contributions: Valera produced a single piece of clothing from
a four-piece ensemble consisting of a blouse, skirt, overskirt, and long scarf.
He unified the components of the baro’t saya into a single dress with
exaggerated bell sleeves, cinched at the waist, grazing the ankle, and zipped
up at the back.

LITERATURE
 Francisco Arcellana
 He is a known writer, poet, essayist, critic, journalist, and teacher, is one of
the most important progenitors of the modern Filipino short story in English.
He pioneered the development of the short story as a lyrical prose-poetic
form.
 Major Works/Contributions:
 Selected Stories
 Poetry and Politics: The State of Original Writing in English in the
Philippines Today
 The Francisco Arcellana Sampler
 The Man Who Would Be Poe

 Edith L. Tiempo
  The artist is a poet, fictionist, teacher and literary critic. She is one of the
finest Filipino writers in English. Her works are characterized by a remarkable
fusion of style and substance, of craftsmanship and insight.
 Major Works/Contributions:
 Silliman National Writers Workshop in Dumaguete City
 A Blade of Fern
 The Native Coast
 The Alien Corn
 The Tracks of Babylon and Other Poems
 The Charmer’s Box and Other Poems
 Abide, Joshua, and Other Stories

 Bienvenido Lumbera
 He introduced to Tagalog literature what is now known as Bagay poetry
 Bagay poetry - a landmark aesthetic tendency that has helped to change the
vernacular poetic tradition
 Major Works/Contributions:
 Likhang Dila, Likhang Diwa (poems in Filipino and English)
 Balaybay, Mga Tulang Lunot at Manibalang
 Sa Sariling Bayan, Apat na Dulang May Musika
 “Agunyas sa Hacienda Luisita,” Pakikiramay
 Tradition and Influences in its Development; Philippine Literature: A
History and Anthology, Revaluation: Essays on Philippine Literature,
Writing the Nation/Pag-akda ng Bansa.

 Virgilio S. Almario
 His greatest contribution is that, he has revived and reinvented traditional
Filipino poetic forms, even as he championed modernist poetics. He is also
known as Rio Alma, a poet, literary historian and a critic.
 Major Works/Contributions:
 Makinasyon and Peregrinasyon
 Doktrinang Anakpawis, Mga Retrato at Rekwerdo and Muli
 Sa Kandungan ng Lupa
 Ang Makata sa Panahon ng Makina
 Balagtasismo versus Modernismo
 Walong Dekada ng Makabagong Tula Pilipino
 Barlaan at Josaphat
 Galian sa Arte at Tula (GAT) and the Linangan sa Imahen, Retorika at
Anyo (LIRA)
 Unyon ng mga Manunulat sa Pilipinas (UMPIL)

 Cirilo F. Bautista
 Bautista is an acknowledged poet, fictionist and essayist with exceptional
achievements and significant contributions to the development of the
country’s literary arts. Also being acknowledged by peers and critics, and the
nation at large as the foremost writer of his generation.
 He also taught literature, in De La Salle University, realizing that a classroom
is an important training ground for Filipino writers.
 Major Works/Contributions:
 Philippine Literary Arts Council in 1981
 The Iligan National Writers Workshop in 1993
 Baguio Writers Group
 S.ummer Suns, Words and Battlefields, The Trilogy of Saint Lazarus,
Galaw ng Asoge.
 Nick Joaquin
 Regarded by many as the most distinguished Filipino writer in English writing,
Nick Joaquin has also enriched the English language with critics coining
“Joaquinesque”
 Joaquinesque - to describe his baroque Spanish-flavored English or his
reinventions of English based on Filipinisms
 Pen name of Nick Joaquin as a journalist: Quijano de Manila
 Major Works/Contributions:
 Doña Jeronima, Candido’s Apocalypse and The Order of Melchizedek
 The Woman Who Had Two Navels
 A Portrait of the Artist as Filipino
 Manila, My Manila: A History for the Young
 The Ballad of the Five Battles
 Rizal in Saga
 Almanac for Manileños
 Cave and Shadows

 Amado V. Hernandez
 Among the national artists, Amado V. Hernandez is a Filipino writer who
practiced “committed art.” In his view, the function of the writer is to act as the
conscience of society and to affirm the greatness of the human spirit in the
face of inequity and oppression.
 He stripped Tagalog of its ornate character and wrote in prose closer to the
colloquial than the “official” style permitted.
 Major Works/Contributions:
 Mga Ibong Mandaragit
 Bayang Malaya
 Isang Dipang Langit
 Luha ng Buwaya
 Tudla at Tudling: Katipunan ng mga Nalathalang Tula
 Langaw sa Isang Basong Gatas at Iba Pang Kuwento
 Magkabilang Mukha ng Isang Bagol

 Lazaro Francisco
 He developed the social realist tradition in Philippine fiction. His eleven
novels, now acknowledged classics of Philippine literature, embodies the
author’s commitment to nationalism.
 Francisco gained prominence as a writer not only for his social conscience
but also for his “masterful handling of the Tagalog language” and “supple
prose style”.
 He put up an arm to his advocacy of Tagalog as a national language by
establishing the Kapatiran ng mga Alagad ng Wikang Pilipino (KAWIKA) in
1958
 “Master Tagalog Novel”
 Major Works/Contributions:
 Ama, Bayang Nagpatiwakal
 Maganda Pa Ang Daigdig
 Daluyong

 F. Sionil Jose
 His writings put him on the forefront of Philippine writing in English. But
ultimately, it is the consistent espousal of the aspirations of the Filipino–for
national sovereignty and social justice–that guarantees the value of his work.
  Major Works/Contributions:
 Rosales saga: The Pretenders, Tree, My Brother, My Executioner,
Mass, and Po-on
 Founder of the Philippine chapter of the international organization
PEN

 Carlos P. Romulo
 This national artist spent 50 years of public service as an educator, soldier,
university president, journalist, and diplomat. It is common knowledge that he
was the first Asian president of the United Nations General Assembly, then
Philippine Ambassador to Washington, D.C., and later minister of foreign
affairs.
 Major Works/Contributions:
 The United (novel)
 I Walked with Heroes (autobiography)
 I Saw the Fall of the Philippines, Mother America, I See the
Philippines Rise (war-time memoirs)
 Forty Years: A Third World Soldier at the UN, and The Philippine
Presidents

 Jose Garcia Villa

 He is considered as one of the finest contemporary poets regardless of race
or language, he introduced the reversed consonance rime scheme, including
the comma poems that made full use of the punctuation mark in an
innovative, poetic way.
 He used Doveglion (Dove, Eagle, Lion) as pen name, the very characters he
attributed to himself
 Villa (Doveglion, Adventures in Value). Villa is also known for the tartness of
his tongue
 Major Works/Contributions:
 Footnote to Youth,
 Poems by Doveglion

 Alejandro Roces
 A short story writer and essayist and considered as the country’s best writer
of comic short stories. He is known for his widely anthologized “My Brother’s
Peculiar Chicken.”
 He led the campaign to change the Independence Day from July 4 to June
12, and also causing the change of language from English to Filipino in the
country’s stamps, currency, and passports
 He led the recovery of Jose Rizal’s manuscripts when they were stolen from
the National Archives.
 Major Works/Contributions:
 My Brother’s Peculiar Chicken
 Something to Crow About
 Of Cocks and Kites

 Rolando S. Tinio
 Rolando S. Tinio is a playwright, thespian, poet, teacher, critic, and translator
marked his career with prolific artistic productions.
 Major Works/Contributions:
  Theater: Teatro Pilipino, re-staging of old theater forms like the
Sarswela and opening a treasure-house of contemporary Western
drama.
 Poetry: Sitsit sa Kuliglig, Dunung – Dunungan, Kristal na Uniberso, A
Trick of Mirrors
 Film/Scripts: Now and Forever, Gamitin Mo Ako, Bayad Puri and
Milagros; sarswelas Ang Mestisa, Ako, Ang Kiri, Ana Maria; the
komedya Orosman at Zafira; and Larawan, the musical

 Resil B. Mojares
 Aside from being an essayist and fictionist, Mojares is also a teacher, scholar
and cultural and literary historian, Resil Mojares is acknowledged as a leading
figure in the promotion of regional literature and history.
 Major Works/Contributions:
 Founding director of the Cebuano Studies Center
 Origins and Rise of the Filipino Novel: A Generic Study of the Novel
Until 1940
 Waiting for Mariang Makiling: Essays on Philippine Cultural History

 Ramon L. Muzones
 He was a Hiligaynon poet, essayist, short story writer, critic, grammarian,
editor, lexicographer, and novelist who authored an unprecedented 61
completed novels. A number of these represent groundbreaking “firsts’ in
Hiligaynon literature.
 Major Works/Contributions:
 Ang Bag-ong Maria Clara
 Maambong Nga Sapat (Magnificent Brute)
 Si Tamblot
 Dama de Noche
 Shri-Bishaya
 Malala nga Gutom (Malignant Hunger)
 Babae Batuk sa Kalibutan (Woman Against the World)
 Ang Gugma sang Gugma Bayaran (Love with Love Be Paid)
 Margosatubig

MUSIC
 Antonino Buenaventura
 Buenaventura composed songs, compositions, for solo instruments as well as
symphonic and orchestral works based on the folksongs of various Philippine
ethnic groups. He was also a conductor and restored the Philippine Army
Band to its former prestige as one of the finest military bands in the world
making it “the only band that can sound like a symphony orchestra”.
 Major Works/Contributions:
 Triumphal March
 Echoes of the Past
 History Fantasy
 Second Symphony in E-flat
 Echoes from the Philippines
 Ode to Freedom

 Jose Maceda
 Maceda embarked on a life-long dedication to the understanding and
popularization of Filipino traditional music. Maceda’s researches and
 fieldwork have resulted in the collection of an immense number of recorded
music taken from the remotest mountain villages and farthest island
communities. He wrote papers that enlightened scholars, both Filipino and
foreign, about the nature of Philippine traditional and ethnic music.

 Major Works/Contributions:
 Ugma-ugma
 Pagsamba
 Udlot-udlot

 Lucrecia R. Kasilag
 Kasilag’s pioneering task to discover the Filipino roots through ethnic music
and fusing it with Western influences has led many Filipino composers to
experiment with such an approach.
 Major Works/Contributions:
 Orchestral Productions: Toccata for Percussions and Winds,
Divertissement and Concertante,” and the scores of the Filiasiana,
Misang Pilipino, and De Profundis.
 Orchestral Music: ove Songs, Legend of the Sarimanok, Ang Pamana,
Philippine Scenes, Her Son, Jose, Sisa, Awit ng mga Awit Psalms,
Fantaisie on a 4-Note Theme, and East Meets Jazz Ethnika.

 Ernani J. Cuenco
 A composer, film scorer, musical director, and music teacher, he wrote an
outstanding and memorable body of work that resonates with the Filipino
sense of musicality and which embody an ingenious voice that raises the
aesthetic dimensions of contemporary Filipino music.
 Major Works/Contributions:
 Nahan, Kahit na Magtiis
 Diligin Mo ng Hamog ang Uhaw na Lupa
 Pilipinas
 Inang Bayan
 Isang Dalangin
 Kalesa
 Bato sa Buhangin
 Gaano Kita Kamahal

 Lucio San Pedro

 A master composer, conductor, and teacher whose music evokes the folk
elements of the Filipino heritage.
 Major Works/Contributions:
 Orchestral Music: The Devil’s Bridge, Malakas at Maganda
Overture,Prelude and Fugue in D minor, Hope and Ambition
 Chorale Music: Easter Cantata, Sa Mahal Kong Bayan, Rizal’s
Valedictory Poem
 Vocal Music: Lulay,Sa Ugoy ng Duyan, In the Silence of the Night
 Band Music: Dance of the Fairies, Triumphal March, Lahing
Kayumanggi, Angononian March

 Antonio J. Molina
 Molina is a versatile musician, composer, music educator was the last of the
musical triumvirate, two of whom were Nicanor Abelardo and Francisco
Santiago, who elevated music beyond the realm of folk music.
  Member of the faculty of the UP Conservatory, considered instructor of some
notable musical personalities like Lucresia Kasilag and Felipe de Leon.
 Major Works/Contributions:
 Hatinggabi
 Misa Antoniana Grand Festival Mass
 Ang Batingaw
 Kundiman- Kundangan; (chamber music)
 Hating Gabi
 Kung sa Iyong Gunita
 Pandangguhan (vocal music)
 Awit ni Maria Clara
 Larawan Nitong Pilipinas

 Francisco Feliciano
 He brought out the unique sounds of our indigenous music in compositions
that have high technical demands equal to the compositions of masters in the
western world. His operas and orchestral works also showcase the masterful
treatment of a musical language that is unique and carries with it a
contemporary style, he incorporates the many subtleties of rhythmic vitality
and intricate interweaving of lines inspired from the songs of our indigenous
tribes.
 Major Works/Contributions:
 Ashen Wings
 Sikhay sa Kabila ng Paalam
 La Loba Negra
 Yerma
 Pamugun
 Pokpok Alimako

 Levi Celerio
 Aside from being a national artist when it comes to the field of music, Celerio
also contributed some of his literary works that accomplished him to gain both
titles of literature and music. His unique ability to play music with a leaf
earned him international acclaim. Even the Guinness Book of Record called
him the “only leaf player in the world.”
 Major Works/Contributions:
 O Maliwanag Na Buwan (Iloko)
 Ako ay May Singsing (Pampango)
 Alibangbang (Visaya)

 Ramon P. Santos
 A prime figure in the second generation of Filipino composers in the modern
idiom, Santos has contributed greatly to the quest for new directions in music,
taking as basis non-Western traditions in the Philippines and Southeast Asia.
 Major Works/Contributions:
 Panaghoy (1984)

 Jovita Fuentes
 When it comes to other genre of music, long before Lea Salonga’s break into
Broadway, there was already Jovita Fuentes‘ portrayal of Cio-cio san in
Giacomo Puccini’s Madame Butterfly at Italy’s Teatro Municipale di Piacenza.
 Major Works/Contributions:
 UP Conservatory of Music (1917)
 Artists’ Guild of the Philippines
 Felipe Padilla de Leon
 One of his work is that, he Filipinized western music forms. The prodigious
body of De Leon’s musical compositions, notably the sonatas, marches, and
concertos have become the full expression of the sentiments and aspirations
of the Filipino in times of strife and of peace, making him the epitome of a
people’s musician
 Major Works/Contributions:
 Mariang Makiling Overture
 Roca Encantada, symphonic legend
 Maynila Overture
 Orchesterstuk
 Choral music: Payapang Daigdig, Ako’y Pilipino, Lupang Tinubuan,
Ama Namin, Mutya ng Lahi.

 Andrea Veneracion
 This national artist is a highly esteemed for her achievements as choirmaster
and choral arranger.
 Major Works/Contributions:
 Philippine Madrigal Singers
 UP College of Music (Faculty Member)
 Philippine Federation of Choral Music

 Honorata “Atang” Dela Rama

 Entitled as “Queen of Kundiman”. Atang became the very first actress in the
first locally produced Filipino film when she essayed the same role in the
sarsuela’s film version. Some of her notable performances that contributed to
the art of the Philippines are Filipino songs for the Aetas or Negritos of
Zambales and the Sierra Madre, the Bagobos of Davao and other Lumad of
Mindanao.
 Major Works/Contributions:
 Anak ni Eba
 Aking Ina
 Puri at Buhay

 Ryan Cayabyab
 He is one of the most recent artist that is being entitled with this award, a
known omposer, arranger, and musical director in the Philippine music
industry since this bloomed beginning 1970s.
 Major Works/Contributions:
 Rama-Hari (Two-act musical ballet, 1980)
 Katy! The Musical (Two-act musical, 1988)
 Smokey Mountain (Pop CD album, 1990)
 One Christmas (Christmas Album, 1993)
 Noli Me Tangere (Tele-sine musical, 1995)
 Spoliarium (Three-act opera, 2003)
 Ignacio Of Loyola (Film Score, 2016)
 Larawan: The Musical (Full-length musical film, 2017)
 Da Coconut Nut
 Kay Ganda Ng Ating Musika
 Nais Ko
 Paraiso
 Kahit Ika’y Panaginip Lang
 Kailan
  Tuwing Umuulan at Kapiling Ka

III. REFLECTION/INSIGHTS

“Write the story that only you can write” – a quote from one of the national artists for
literature, Francisco Arcellana. It is within the scope of my report that every artist has their
own style and passion to how they express their different forms of art, it is only natural that
art does not comply with what society thinks and feels. It came into my realization that art, is
an art if it made an extraordinary impact, that would make you feel something that is
unexpected and sometimes uncomfortable. In my own perspective this what made them
qualify to be called as the “National Artists” of our country. They do not set standards that
will not only compete with others critics but indeed they extend their learnings and frankly
speaking, their hobby is what bloomed their passion and carried them into claiming their own
titles.

“As long as the discipline is there, nothing can go wrong” – Andrea Veneracion. It is only
natural that there should be an inclined discipline, just like any other accomplishments, there
is a criteria that is being held before gaining the title of being a national artists in the country,
some of it aims to recognize that the artists have made significant contributions to the
cultural heritage of the country, their accomplishment soars at its highest level and it
promotes creative expression as significant to the development of a national cultural identity
and lastly, they’ve dedicated their lives to their works to forge new paths and directions for
future generations of Filipino artists.

In addition, it amazes me as a student that participates in the art of the Filipino, that
some of their work is already being known and discussed during the early years of my
school year. But it is not known to me that there are other Filipino artist that is not being
recognized by the books that I’ve read, though in my perspective that their work should be
presented in a cultural heritage, not only should be known by us and the local natives but
also to promote the beauty of our art overseas.

What captivates me into this report is that, as to what I’ve known it is not their purpose or
terminal goal to accomplish and be entitled as a “national artists”, for me it comes naturally.
It is also such a privilege to learn and discover some of the national artists’ major works and
contributions in the country, for some reasons some them are maybe not known but
somehow these awards are what recognized them to their respective fields. On the other
hand, though this award would last a lifetime of recognition, some of them for sure did not
have that much time to please themselves from being a national artist, sadly some of them
have passed away already not knowing their recognition and their lifelong contributions in
the country. As a student I am hoping that the coming nominations for national artists should
be criticized as early as possible, because maybe those awards are a lifetime but the artist
himself will pass away along with his work of arts.

In conclusion, I hope that in my oral report that I would properly execute my report and to
help myself and my fellow classmates to discover and appreciate the major works and
contributions of arts of the local national artists. It is a necessary and important for us
students to appreciate their work for a reason that, their work might help us students to learn
the lifestyle and contributions of the local artists to the society. It is their work that gave color,
voice and rhythm to the local products and literary works of the country. And again, I hope
that the commission that nominates the national artists of the country should promote and
integrate their works in order to be known and to exploit the wonders of what our national
artists have worked on in their lifetime.

IV. REFERENCES