SYNOPSIS OF M.

Tech (STRUCTURAL ENHINEERING) DISSERTATION

1) Name Of The College : PadmabhooshanVasantraodada Patil

Institute of Technology, Budhgaon, Sangli.
2) Name of the course : M.E. Mechanical (Structural Engineering)
3) Name Of The Student : (PRN- )
4) Date of Registration : August, 201
5) Name of the Guide : --------------------------------
Professor,
Department of Mechanical Engineering,
P.V.P.I.T. Budhgaon.
6) Guide Approval No. : -----------------------
7) Proposed Title Of Dissertation :“Effect of soft storey in the seismic response of
building”
8) In association with : -------------------------
9) Synopsis:-

9.1 Introduction: - Generally most multi-storey buildings in the country today have open
first storey as an unavoidable feature to be incorporated. This is mostly being adopted to
accommodate parking space or reception lobbies in the first storeys of the building. The
upper storeys have brick in-filled wall panels. The Indian seismic code defines a soft storey
as one whose lateral stiffness is less than 50% of the adjacent storey. This classification
renders most Indian buildings, with no masonry infill walls in the first storey, and hence
come under “buildings with soft first storey.” Whereas the total seismic base shear as
experienced by a building during an earthquake is dependent on its natural period, the seismic
force distribution is dependent on the distribution of stiffness and mass along the height. In
buildings with soft first storey, the upper storeys being stiff undergo little inter-storey drifts.
However, the inter-storey drift in the soft first storey is comparatively higher.
This work aims to study and analyze the seismic performance of such soft storey
building in order to assess their seismic vulnerability. For analysis of soft storey buildings
and understanding its effect will enable one to undertake the essential steps prior to the
hazards and also give warning about the risk in existing building.

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9.2 Relevance: - As per IS 1893 (Part 1): 2002, irregular buildings are mainly classified into
two categories; plan and vertical irregularities. Vertical irregularities may be categorized as
soft storey, mass irregularity, vertical geometric irregularity, in plane discontinuity and weak
storey. Although soft storey and weak storey structure may cause similar structural damages
during an earthquake event. The building code distinguishes between “soft” and “weak”
storeys. Soft storeys are less stiff, or more flexible, than the storey above; weak storeys have
less strength. A soft or weak storey at any height creates a problem, but since the cumulative
loads are greatest towards the base of the building, a discontinuity between the first and
second floor tends to result in the most serious condition.

9.3 Literature Survey:-

Vipin V. Halde, Aditi H. Deshmukh (2015)[1] In the present study, seismic performance of
building structure with intermediately infill frame was studied. Performance of R.C. frame
was analyzed considering different models for the soft storey. The main objective of the
study was to investigate the behaviour of high rise, multi-bay soft storey building with and
without in filled frames and to evaluate their performance levels when subjected to
earthquake loading.
This work emphasize that the soft storey effect and presence of infill in any building changes
the behaviour of frame action due to the relative changes of stiffness of the frame by a factor
of three to four times and lateral load distribution. Authors have concluded from the results
that soft storey buildings are required to be analyzed by the dynamic analysis and designed
carefully. As the dynamic ductility demand during probable earthquake gets concentrated in
the soft storey and the upper storey tends to remain elastic. Hence the building is totally
collapsed due to soft storey effect.

Prof. Rekha Shinde, Prof. Mukesh Shinde (2014) [2] The authors of present work have
taken efforts to show that soft storey provision is the most dangerous and prone to the mult-
storey, multi-bay reinforced concrete frame when these are subjected to the lateral loading in
form of earthquake excitation. The work provides an introduction to the earthquake, effects,
designing of the building and studies review of literature pertaining to performance based
seismic analysis. The report draws out a study and results of comparative study of soft storey
buildings with conventional buildings. It also provides a comprehensive conclusion and
offers a future scope for research.

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Basavaraju Y K , Dr. B S Jayashankar Babu (2016)[3] The main focus of the work
presented by authors is to carry out static analysis to evaluate the capacity and performance
of RC framed structures under seismic loading especially those structures which are having
an uneven stiffness distribution in elevation. For this purpose, RC frames are initially
analyzed and designed using ETABS finite element software, under the combination of
gravity loading and seismic loading for different seismic zones. ETABS performs the initial
design depending on the earthquake zone and the type of structure. Authors have also carried
out pushover analysis providing the desired information. Further, the performance under
incremental loading is studied based on the capacity curves generated up to the maximum
displacement

Mohamed Riyas N.K, Dr.RaneeshK.Y, MarshiyathK.P (2016) This work aims to

undertake the comparative study of soft storey building and the building having no such
provision. In case of soft storey models, different models are analyzed and studied by putting
soft storey at different levels in a multi-storey building. Also these soft storey models have
been compared with buildings having in-filled walls to undertake comparative study of their
seismic behaviour.

a) Concluding Remark
From the literature available on the topic it clearly states out that, soft storey buildings
are more prone to the earthquake loading than the buildings with in-filled walls. But the
question is by what amount and what could possibly be done to minimize the effect of
seismic loading on soft storey buildings. The proposed work would like to confront with
the above problems by deep analysis of the same.

9.4 Objectives:- The main objective of present work is to assess the seismic vulnerability of
building provided with soft storey. However different objectives of this proposed work can be
summarized as below.
1. To obtain seismic response of building when soft storey is provided at ground level or first
storey.
2. To obtain seismic response of building when soft storey is provided at intermediate storey,
and
3. To obtain seismic response of building when soft storey is provided at top storey.

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 4. To study the performance of building in view of different parameters like, displacement,
storey drift, shear, time period etc.
5. To undertake the comparative analysis of soft storey building models with conventional
building in order to assess the seismic vulnerability of soft storey buildings.

9.5 Proposed Work:-

a) Scope:- Understanding the seismic performance of soft storey building will enable one to
undertake the essential steps prior to the hazards and also give warning about the risk in
existing building. Even if provision of soft storey become an avoidable feature in urban area
to accommodate the parking space as lack of parking space in urban area is well known fact,
still some provisions can be made to improve the performance of soft storey structure in the
design and construction of it.

b) Methodology:-
1. Collection of relevant data.
2. Selection of building configuration, models and its material properties.
3. Design and analytical idealization of structural models.
4. Earthquake analysis of different cases of structure.
5. Linear static and dynamic analysis of different models of building.
6. Comparison of different parameters of soft storey buildings with conventional
structure
7. Conclusions will be drawn based on the results of analysis.

9.6 Facilities Available And Requirement:-

1. Departmental and Central Libraries are available where reference books and
Internet facilities are available.

2. In Departmental Computer Lab registered Software available.

9.7 Expected date of Completion:- 30 /03 /2018

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 Activity Chart
10
9
8
7 2
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Literature Parameter Database System Validation Report
survey identification development development Writing

Fig. Activity Chart

9.8 Approximate Expenditure :- 8,000/-

9.9 References:-

1. Vipin V. Halde, Aditi H. Deshmukh (2015) “Review on behavior of soft storey in

building”, International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)

2. Prof. Rekha Shinde, Prof. Mukesh Shinde (2014) “Performance Based Seismic
Analysis of a Building with Soft Storey”, International Journal for Innovative
Research in Science & Technology, Volume 1, Issue 3.

3. Basavaraju Y K , Dr. B S Jayashankar Babu (2016) “Seismic Performance of Multi

Storey RC Frame Buildings with Soft Storey from Pushover Analysis”, IJESC 2016.

4. Mohamed Riyas N.K, Dr.RaneeshK.Y, MarshiyathK.P (2016) “ Effect of Soft Storey

on Tall Building At Different Floor Levels”, International Journal of Innovative
Research in Science, Engineering and Technology, volume 5, issue 8, 2016.

5. Nurjaman H. N., L. Faizal (2012) “Design, testing and strengthening of soft storey of
muti-storey low cost housing in Indonesia with precast concrete frame system”, 15
WCEE Lisboa 2012.

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 6. Vipin V. Halde, Aditi H. Deshmukh (2016) “Effect of Soft Storey on Structural
Response ofHigh Rise Building”, International Journal of Innovative Research in
Science, Engineering and Technology.

7. N. Sivakumar, D. Saranyadevi, K. Sathish (2013) “Analytical Study on Seismic Effect

of Soft Storey Columns In Multistorey Buildings”, International Journal of
Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT).

8. Pachchigar Foram N. , Patel Falguni R., Patel Minal H., Vaghasiya N. (2016)
“Development of Multi-Storeyed RCC Building Model with Soft Storey in STAAD
PRO”, Global Research and Development Journal for Engineering, March 2016.

Date: --- / --- /201

Place: P.V.P.I.T.Budhgaon

Mr. , Guide
Student (Structural Engg.) Professor and Guide
CIvil Engg.Department Civil Engg. Department
,
PG-Coordinator, H. O. D.,
Associate professor, Associate professor,
Civil engg Department. Civil Engg.Department

Principal,
P.V.P.I.T. Budhgaon.

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