3/31/2020 Radius of Gyration - What is Radius of Gyration It's Derivation and Formula

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Physics (/physics/) >  Force (/physics/force/) >  Radius Of Gyration (/physics/radius-of-gyration/)

Radius of Gyration

What is Radius of Gyration?

The moment of inertia of a body about an axis is sometimes represented using the radius
of gyration. Now, what do you mean by the radius of gyration? We can de ne radius of
gyration as the imaginary distance from the centroid at which the area of cross section is
imagined to be focused at a point in order to obtain the same moment of inertia. It is
denoted by k.

Radius of Gyration Formula

The formula of moment inertia in terms of the radius of gyration is given as follows:
I = mk2       (1)
where I is the moment of inertia and m is the mass of the body
Accordingly, the radius of gyration is given as follows
−−
k = √
I
       (2) Welcome to BYJU’S
m

The unit of radius of gyration is mm. By knowing the radius of gyration, one can nd the
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moment of inertia of any complex body equation (1)  without any hassle. Academic Counselor

Consider a body having n number of particles each having a mass of m. Let the
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perpendicular distance from the axis of rotation be given by r1, r2, r3,…,rn. We know that the
moment of inertia in terms of radius of gyration is given by the equation (1). Substituting Hello, how may I help you?
the values in the equation, we get the moment of inertia (https://byjus.com/jee/moment-of-
inertia/) of the body as follows

………… (3)
If all the particles have the same mass then equation (3) becomes

We can write mn as M which signi es the total mass of the body. Now the equation
becomes

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3/31/2020 Radius of Gyration - What is Radius of Gyration It's Derivation and Formula
………… (4)
From equation (4), we get

From the above equation, we can infer that the radius of gyration can also be de ned as the

root mean square distance of various particle of the body from the axis of rotation.

What is the use of radius of gyration?
The radius of gyration is used to compare how various structural shapes will behave under
compression along an axis. It is used to predict buckling in a compression beam or
member.
Stay tuned to Byju’s to know more about uniform circular motion
(https://byjus.com/physics/uniform-circular-motion/) along with other topics in physics
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