MCQ MADNESS 1

SECTION A

1 [N’05 p11 q10] 4

10 An experiment is set up to measure the rate of hydrolysis of methyl ethanoate.

CH3CO2CH3 + H2O CH3CO2H + CH3OH

The hydrolysis is found to be slow in neutral aqueous solution but it proceeds at a measurable
rate when the solution is acidified with hydrochloric acid.

What is the function of the hydrochloric acid?

A to dissolve the methyl ethanoate

B to ensure that the reaction reaches equilibrium
C to increase the reaction rate by catalytic action
D to suppress ionisation of the ethanoic acid formed

11 The distribution of molecular kinetic energies within a gas at temperature T1 and T2 are shown in
the diagram.
2 [N’05 p11 q12] 5

12 One mole of magnesium, aluminium and sulphur are each completely burned in an excess of
oxygen gas. fraction of T2 > T1
total molecules Ea = activation energy
Which graph shows the moles of oxygenTused
1 in each case?

A B

moles of moles of
oxygen oxygen
used T2 used

Ea
0 0 0
Mg Al 0 S Mg Al
kinetic energy S

C
Which statement correctly explains D
why a small increase in temperature leads to a significant
increase in the rate of a gaseous reaction?
moles of moles of
oxygen of collisions between molecules
A The frequency oxygen
is greater at a higher temperature.
used used
B The activation energy of the reaction is less when the gases are at a higher temperature.
C The frequency of collisions between molecules with kinetic energy greater than the activation
energy is greater
0 at higher temperature. 0
D Mg Al S Mgactivation
The proportion of molecules with more kinetic energy than the Al S
energy is lower at a
higher temperature.
13 In 1999, researchers working in the USA believed that they had made a new element and that it
had the following electronic structure.

[Rn] 5f146d107s27p6.

In which group of the Periodic Table would you expect to find this element?

A II B IV C VI D 0

© UCLES 2005 9701/01/O/N/05

14 Consecutive elements X, Y, Z are in period 3 of the Periodic Table. Element Y has the highest
first ionisation energy and the lowest melting point.
15 Use of the Data Booklet is relevant to this question.
16 When a mineral was heated in a Bunsen flame to constant mass, a colourless gas that turned
Whatwater
lime volume of oxygen,
milky measured
was evolved. The under roomsolid
remaining conditions, can be
was cooled obtained
and from the
then added thermal
to aqueous
decomposition of 8.2 g of calcium nitrate (M r = 164)?
hydrochloric acid. Vigorous effervescence was seen.
A 150 cm3 B 300 cm3 C 600 cm3 D 1200 cm3
3 [N’05 p11 q16]
What was the mineral?

A aragonite, CaCO3
16 When a mineral was heated in a Bunsen flame to constant mass, a colourless gas that turned
B
lime artinite, MgCOwas
water milky 3.Mg(OH) 2.3H2The
evolved. O remaining solid was cooled and then added to aqueous
hydrochloric acid. Vigorous effervescence was seen.
C barytocalcite, BaCO3.CaCO3
Whatdolomite,
D was the CaCO
mineral?
3.MgCO3

A aragonite, CaCO3
17 How does ammonia
B artinite, MgCO3.Mg(OH) .3H2Oits aqueous solution is used to dissolve silver chloride, AgCl ?
behave 2when
C
A barytocalcite,
as a base BaCO3.CaCO3
D
B dolomite,
as a ligandCaCO Ag+ 3ion
.MgCO
with 3the
C as a ligand with the Cl – ion
17 Howas
D does ammonia
a reducing behave when its aqueous solution is used to dissolve silver chloride, AgCl ?
agent
4 [N’05
A asp11 q18]
a base

18 B asCaO,
Lime, a ligand withtothe
is used Ag+ ion
reduce the acidity of soil, and ammonium sulphate is a nitrogenous
fertiliser. –
C as a ligand with the Cl ion
Why
D ascannot they be
a reducing used in a mixed form?
agent
A The dry mixture is explosive.
18 Lime,
B CaO,4, is
CaSO used to
formed onreduce
mixing,the acidityhard
causes of soil, and ammonium sulphate is a nitrogenous
water.
fertiliser.
C When dampened, ammonia is given off.
Why cannot they be used in a mixed form?
D Sulphuric acid will form.
A The dry mixture is explosive.

19 B CaSO
The 4, formed
diagram shows on
themixing, causes
structure hard C.
of vitamin water.
5 [N’05 p11 dampened,
C When q24] ammonia is given off. 8
HO OH
D Sulphuric acid will form.
24 C C
Compound X on reaction with hot concentrated sulphuric acid gave a mixture of three alkenes.

What could X be? O C CH CH CH2OH

19 O C.
The diagram shows the structure of vitamin
A butan-2-ol OH
HO OH
How many chiral centres are there in one molecule?
B propan-2-ol
C C
AC 12-methylbutan-2-ol
B 2 C 3 D 4
O C CH CH CH2OH
D 2005
© UCLES 2-methylpropan-2-ol O9701/01/O/N/05
OH

25 How many chiral

Compounds X, Ycentres
and Z are there with
all react in one molecule?
PCl5 to release hydrogen chloride, but only one of them
reacts with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine reagent.
A 1 B 2 C 3 D 4
Which
© UCLES 2005 one could be X, Y and Z ?
of the following combinations 9701/01/O/N/05

X Y Z
CH2OH CHO CO2H
A
CH2OH CHO CO2H

CH2OH CH2OH CHO

B
CH2OH CHO CO2H

CH2OH CH2OH CHO

C
CHO CO2H CO2H

CH2OH CHO CO2H

D
 mixture contains 30 cm3 of carbon dioxide and 20 cm3 of unreacted oxygen. All gaseous volumes
were measured under identical conditions.

What is the formula of the hydrocarbon?

A C 2H 6 B C3H6 C C3H8 D C4H10

6 [J’05 p11 q2]

2 On collision, airbags in cars inflate rapidly due to the production of nitrogen.

The nitrogen is formed according to the following equations.

2NaN3 → 2Na + 3N2

3 2O + N 2
10Na + 2KNO3 → K2O + 5Na

4 How many
Use of molesBooklet
the Data of nitrogen gas aretoproduced
is relevant from 1 mol of sodium azide, NaN3?
this question.

A
It is 1.5 B where
now thought that 1.6 C exists
an element 3.2 D isotopes,
as several 4.0 the stable ones usually
contain a ‘magic number’ of neutrons. One of these magic numbers is 126.

3 The firstisotope
Which six ionisation energies of four elements, A to D, are given.
is unstable?
7 [J’05
A 209
Whichp11
Bi q7] is most
element
208
B likelyPb C IV4210
to be in Group ofPo D 208 Tl
the Periodic Table?

7 Iodine trichloride, ICl3, is made by reacting iodine with chlorine.

ionisation
5 An atom has eight electrons.
1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th
energy / kJ mol−1 I2(s) + Cl2(g) → 2ICl(s) ; ∆H o = +14 kJ mol–1
Which diagram
A shows494the electronic
4560 configuration
6940 6 9540of this atom
13400in its lowest
16600 energy state?
ICl(s) + Cl2(g) → ICl3(s) ; ∆H o = –88 kJ mol–1
12 B
The following species 736
contain the 1450 7740 of10500
same number 13600
electrons. 18000
A
By using the data above, what is the enthalpy change of the formation for solid iodine trichloride?
In which Corder do their1090 2350
radii increase? 4610 6220 37800 47000
A –60 kJ mol–1
D 1400 2860 4590 7480 9400 53200
–1
B
B –74 kJ mol
smallest radius largest radius
–1
4
C –81 kJ mol
InAwhich species
Ar are the numbers K+ of electrons Ca 2+
and neutrons equal?
–1
D –162 kJ mol Ca2+ +
A B 94 Be B 199 F Ar C 23 KNa +
D 188 O2–
C 11
C Ca2+ K+ Ar
8 In the extraction of aluminium by electrolysis, why is it necessary to dissolve aluminium oxide in
D K+
molten cryolite?
Ar Ca2+
8 [J’05
D
p11 q13]
A to reduce the very high melting point of the electrolyte
13 Use of the Data Booklet is relevant to this question.
B cryolite provides the ions needed to carry the current
6 Which
The gecko,
elementa small
is likelylizard,
to havecananclimb up a smooth
electronegativity glass
similar window.
to that The gecko has millions of
of aluminium?
C cryolite
microscopic reacts withitsthe
hairs on aluminium
toes and eachoxide
hairto form
has ions
thousands of pads at its tip. The result is that the
molecules
A
© UCLES
D molteninaluminium
barium
2005 the pads oxide
are extremely
alone wouldclose
nottoconduct
the glass
9701/01/M/J/05 surface on which the gecko is climbing.
electricity
B beryllium
What is the attraction between the gecko’s toe pads and the glass surface?
9 A cheap carbon monoxide detector for a gas heater consists of a patch containing palladium
C
A magnesium
co-ordinate bonds
chloride crystals. When carbon monoxide is present, the crystals turn from orange to black as the
D
B strontium
following reaction
covalent takes place.
bonds
C ionic bonds CO(g) + PdCl2(s) + H2O(l) → CO2(g) + Pd(s) + 2HCl(aq)
14 orange to this question.
Use of the Data Booklet is relevant black
D van der Waals’ forces
9 [N’04
Whichp11
Which is
is theq7]
element
true whoseor
for calcium oxidation number decreases
its compounds compared in thisthe
with reaction?
corresponding statements for
magnesium?
7 What are the bond angles in the PH3 molecule likely to be?
A carbon
A Calcium has a smaller atomic radius.
90 o
B chlorine
A B 104 o C 109 o D 120 o
B Calcium oxide reacts less vigorously with water.
C hydrogen
C Calcium reacts more vigorously with water.
D palladium
D The sum of the first two ionisation energies of calcium is greater.

15 Concentrated sulphuric acid is added to separate solid samples of sodium chloride, sodium
bromide or sodium iodide.

With which sample(s) does sulphuric acid act as an oxidising agent?

 C 10 −− 33 xx 8.31
1.6 xx 10
1.6 8.31 xx (273
273 + 273) Pa
B −3 − 6
Pa
3.0 3.0 x 10x 10

D 10 −− 33 xx 8.31
1.6 xx 10 8.31 xx (273
273 + 273)
C 1.6
−3 Pa Pa
3.0 x
−310
10 [N’04 p11 q9] 3.0 x 10
−3 ( )
D 1.6 x 10 x 8.31 x 273 + 273 Pa
9 Which of these −3
compounds, on complete combustion of one mole, will release the greatest
3.0 x 10
amount of energy? 10

A CH
21 Which 3CH2CH2does
molecule OH not have a chiral centre?
9 Which of these compounds, on complete combustion of one mole, will release the greatest
amount
B CH3of energy?
CH
A2CH3 B
C
A CH33CH2CHCO OHH
CO2H 22 CO2H
D
B CH COCH
33CH2CH33
H C OH H C OH
C CH3CH2CO2H
HO C H H C OH
10 D
At high
CH3temperatures,
COCH3 steam decomposes into its elements according to the following equation.
CO2H CH3
11 [N’04 p11 q10]
2H2O(g) 2H2(g) + O2(g)

C
10 At high temperatures,
In one experiment
steam decomposes into its elements
at 1 atm pressure, it was found that 20 D % according to the following equation.
of the steam had been converted into
OH and oxygen.
hydrogen
2H2O(g) 2H2(g)OH+ O2(g)OH
OH
What are the values of the equilibrium partial pressures, in atm, of the components of this
In one experiment at 1 atm pressure, it was found that 20 % of the steam had been converted into
equilibrium?
hydrogen C and oxygen. C
HO CH3 HO CO2C2H5
What arepartial
the values
pressureof the partial
equilibrium partial partial
pressure pressures, in atm, of the components of this
pressure
equilibrium? of steam of hydrogen of oxygen
22 Instead of obtaining
0.80 x 1 buta-1,3-diene
0.10 from
x 1 fossil fuel sources,
0.10 x 1 it is proposed to obtain it from
A
ethanol, which
partialcan
1.0 be obtained
pressure from1.0
partial non–food agricultural
pressure partial1.0 crops. The sequence of reactions is as
pressure
follows. of steam of hydrogen of oxygen
0.80 x 1 0.133 x 1 0.067 x 1
B
0.801.0step
x 1I 0.101.0x 1
step II 0.101.0x 1 step III
A
0.801.0x 1 0.201.0x 1 0.101.0x 1
C CH3CH2OH CH3CHO 1.0 CH3CH(OH)CH 1.0 x2CHO CH2=CHCH=CH2
0.801.0x 1 0.133 x 1 0.067 1
B buta-1,3-diene
0.801.0x 1 0.201.0x 1 0.101.0x 1
D
Which 0.801.1 x used
1 0.201.1step
x 1 I? 0.101.1x 1
C term could be
1.0
to describe
1.0 1.0
A condensation
0.80 x 1 0.20 x 1 0.10 x 1
D 1.1 1.1 1.1
B dehydration
C dehydrogenation
© UCLES 2004 9701/01/O/N/04
D hydrogenation
12 [N’04 p11 q23]

23 How2004
© UCLES many different substitution products9701/01/O/N/04
are possible, in principle, when a mixture of bromine
and ethane is allowed to react?

A 3 B 5 C 7 D 9

© UCLES 2004 9701/01/O/N/04

 Aenergy
typical driver’s airbag contains 50 g of sodium azide.
energy
Calculate the volume of nitrogen this will produce at room temperature.

A 9.2 dm3 B 13.9 dm3 C 27.7 dm3 D 72.0 dm3

13 [J’04 p11 reactant
q4] product reactant product
4 What is the order of increasing energy of the listed orbitals in theDatom of titanium?
C
A 3s 3p 3d 4s
B 3s 3p 4s 3d
7
C 3s 4s 3p 3d
energy
energy dioxide and sulphur dioxide have some
19 Nitrogen properties in common.
D 4s 3s 3p 3d
Which property is shown by one of these compounds, but not by the other?

A forms ‘acid-rain’
reactant product reactant product
14 [J’04
B isp11 q13] agent
a reducing

13 C is insoluble in water
Which
! UCLES 2004of these equations represents the 9701/01/M/J/04
reaction of sulphur dioxide with an excess of aqueous
sodium hydroxide?
D is used as a food-preservative
A SO2 + NaOH ! NaHSO3
B SOmolecule
20 Which 2 + 2NaOH ! Na2SO3 + H2O
is planar?
C
A SO2 + 2NaOH ! Na2SO4 + H2O
NF 3

D SO2 + 2NaOH ! Na2SO4 + H2

B C2Cl 4
C C 3H 6
14 Which ion is most polarising?
D C 3H 8
15 [J’04
A Alp11
3+
q21]
2+
B Baof
21 Which these always applies to a nucleophile?
C Mg2+
A It attacks a double bond.
D Na+
B It has a lone pair of electrons.
C It is a single atom.
D It is negatively charged.

! UCLES 2004
22 Compound P displays cis-trans isomerism 9701/01/M/J/04 [Turn
and gives a red-brown precipitate with over
Fehling’s
solution.
16 [N’03 p11 q8] 4
What is P?
8 A substance commonly found in the house or garden has the following properties.
A B
• It is combustible.
H CH2CHO H COCH3
• It is an electrical insulator. C C
C C
• It melts
H over a range
CH of temperature. CH H
3 3

What could the substance be?

A brass
B paper
C D
C poly(ethene) CH3
H CH3 H
D silicon(IV) oxide
C C C C
H CHO H CHO
9 Use of the Data Booklet is relevant to this question.

In an experiment using a gas syringe, 0.10 g of a gas is found to occupy 83.1 cm3, measured at
standard pressure (1.0 × 105 Pa) and 27 °C.
! UCLES 2004 9701/01/M/J/04 [Turn over
What is the relative molecular mass of the gas?
 C HBr, HI, HCl
D HI, HBr, HCl

18 In a solution of ammonia in water, what combination of ionic and molecular forms of ammonia are
present?
17 [N’03 p11 q16] 7
A ions only 9
16 In black and white photographic film, light converts silver chloride into metallic silver. After the film
has
26 B
Which been
ions anddeveloped,
alcoholsimple theone
givesmolecules
only unexposed
oxidationsilver
only chloride
product is removed
when warmed with by reaction
dilute withpotassium
acidified sodium
thiosulphate to
dichromate(VI)? produce a ‘fixed’ negative.
C simple molecules and hydrogen-bonded molecules only
A simple
D butan-1-ol AgCl
molecules, + 2Na2S2O3 ⎯→
hydrogen–bonded 4Na+ + Cl
molecules
– [Ag(S2O3)2]3–
and+ions
B butan-2-ol
What is the function of thiosulphate?
19 Nitrogen is frequently used as an inert atmosphere because it is an unreactive gas.
C 2-methylpropan-1-ol
A to make the silver ions soluble
D 2-methylpropan-2-ol
Which 6
B to is the best
oxidise theexplanation
silver ions of this unreactivity?
15 Whattoare
C Its the products
oxidise silverofmetal
thecontains the thermal decomposition of magnesium nitrate?
A molecule a triple bond.
27 What will react differently with the two isomeric pentanols, (CH3 )3 CCH2OH and
D
A
B to
Thereduce
(CH magnesium silver
bond CH
) CHCH energy
OH?ions
nitrideofand
the oxygen
molecule is high (994 kJ mol–1).
3 2 2 2
B
C magnesium
The bond in oxide and nitrogen
its molecule is very short (0.110 nm).
A acidified aqueous potassium manganate(VII)
17 In what order does
C the reducing power of the hydrogen halides increase?
D magnesium oxide,
The three p orbitals nitrogen andare
of nitrogen oxygen
half-filled.
B concentrated sulphuric acid
18 [N’03 p11 q20]
D
A magnesium
HCl, HBr, HIoxide, nitrogen dioxide and oxygen
C phosphorus pentachloride
20 How manyHalcohols
B HCl, I, HBr (including both structural isomers and stereoisomers) can have the molecular
D sodium
formula C4H10O?
16 Chlorine
C HBr,compounds
HI, HCl show oxidation states ranging from –1 to +7.
A
D H 3 I, HBr, BHCl 4 C 5 D 6
28 What are the
How many reagent(s)
hydrogen atomsandinconditions
a moleculenecessary
of glycerol,forHOCH
the oxidation of elemental chlorine into a
2CH(OH)CH2OH, may be substituted
compound containing chlorine in the +5 oxidation
by deuterium on dissolving it in an excess of D2O? state?

18 A
In a solution of ammonia in water, what combination of ionic and molecular forms of ammonia are
A AgNO
2 3 (aq)
B followed
3 by
C NH53 (aq) at Droom8 temperature
present?
19 [N’03 p11 q29] H SO at room temperature
B concentrated 9701/1/O/N/03 [Turn over
2 4
A ions only
29 C cold2COCH
CH3 CH dilute 2NaOH(aq)
CH3 reacts with hydrogen cyanide to form a cyanohydrin.
B ions and simple molecules only
D hotfeatures
Which concentrated NaOH(aq)
apply to the product?
C simple molecules and hydrogen-bonded molecules only
A simple
D It has one chiral centre.
molecules,
17 Which gaseous hydridehydrogen–bonded moleculesinto
most readily decomposes andits
ions
elements on contact with a hot glass
B It is formed by electrophilic addition.
rod?
C ammonia
19 A It is formed
Nitrogen via a used
is frequently C–OHasintermediate.
an inert atmosphere because it is an unreactive gas.
D hydrogen
B Its formation requires the use of cyanide ions as a catalyst.
chloride
Which is the best explanation of this unreactivity?
C
A hydrogen iodide
Its molecule contains a triple bond.
D
B steam
The bond energy of the molecule is high (994 kJ mol–1).
20 [J’03 p11 q18]
C The bond in its molecule is very short (0.110 nm).
18 Which reagent, when mixed and heated with ammonium sulphate, liberates ammonia?
D The three p orbitals of nitrogen are half-filled.
A aqueous bromine
20 B
Howdilute
manyhydrochloric
alcohols (including
acid both structural isomers and stereoisomers) can have the molecular
formula C4H10O?
C limewater
A
D 3
acidified Bpotassium
4 C 5 D
dichromate(VI) 6

19 Which pollutant is formed in the internal combustion engine and, if not removed by the catalytic
converter, may become involved in the formation of acid rain?
9701/1/O/N/03 [Turn over
A C B C8 H18 C CO D
9701/1/O/N/03
NO [Turn over

20 How many structural and cis-trans isomers are there for dichloropropene, C3 H4 Cl2 ?

A 3 B 5 C 6 D 7
19 Which pollutant is formed in the internal combustion engine and, if not removed by the catalytic
converter, may become involved in the formation of acid rain?

A C B C8 H18 C CO D NO
21 [J’03 p11 q20]

20 How many structural and cis-trans isomers are there for dichloropropene, C3 H4 Cl2 ?

A 3 B 5 C 6 D 7

7
22 [J’03 p11 q23] 8of HCl and HI are –92 kJ mol–1 and +26 kJ mol–1
17 The standard enthalpy changes of formation9701/1/M/J/03

respectively.
23 The complete combustion of alkanes to produce carbon dioxide and water is an important
exothermic reaction.
Which statement is most important in explaining this difference?
Which line on the graph shows the relationship between the number of carbon atoms in the alkane
and
A the number
Chlorine of moles
is more of oxygen gas
electronegative needed
than iodine.for complete combustion of the alkane?
B The activation energy for the H2/Cl2 reaction is much less than that for the H2/I2 reaction.
A
C The bond energy of HI is smaller than the bond energy of HCl.
B
D The bond energy of I2 is smaller than the bond energy of Cl2.

number of C
18 In the industrial electrolysis
moles ofof brine to manufacture chlorine, the diaphragm used is a porous
screen which allows the flow of
oxygen gas electrolytes but keeps other chemicals separate.

Which substance needs to be kept separate from the chlorine by the diaphragm?
D
A hydrogen
1
number of carbon atoms in alkane
B sodium hydroxide
C sodium chloride
24 Cyclohexa-1,4–diene is treated with a solution of bromine in tetrachloromethane.
D water
23 [N’02 p11 q19] 9

24 Which
19 Compound X undergoes
gas is the following
present in the reactions.
exhaust fumes of a car engine in a much greater amount than any
other gas?NaOH(aq) / heat Cr2O7 , H+(aq) / heat
2–
C4H9Br ⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯→ C4H10O ⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯→ C4H8O only
A X carbon dioxide
cyclohexa-1,4-diene
B carbon
What is X? monoxide
Which product is formed?
C nitrogen
A 1-bromobutane
D water vapour A B
B 2-bromobutane
Br
C 1-bromo-2-methylpropane
20 The Russian composer Borodin was also a research chemist who discovered a reaction in which
D ethanal
two 2-bromo-2-methylpropane
Br
molecules combine to form a compound commonly Br known as aldol Br
(reaction I). Aldol
24 [N’02 p11 q25]
forms another compound on heating (reaction II).

25 Chlorofluorocarbons
I 2CH3CHO (CFCs)
→ CHhave been widely used in aerosol sprays, refrigerators and in making
3CH(OH)CH2CHO
Br known to destroy ozone in the Br
foamed plastics, but are now upper atmosphere. Br
II CH3CH(OH)CH2CHO → CH3CH=CHCHO + H2O
Which of the following will not destroy ozone, and therefore can be used safely as a replacement
Br
for CFCs?
Which of the following best describes reactions I and II?
A CHBrI3 CB CCl3II
CBr3 C CHClFCClF2 D D 3CH2CH2CH3
CH
Br
A addition elimination Br Br
26 Oxidation of an alkene Y gives a diol; further oxidation gives a diketone.
B addition reduction
C could be Y?
Whatelimination reduction
D
A CH3CH=C(CH3)2 elimination
substitution
B (CH3)2CHCH=CH2
C C6H5CH=CHC Br Br [Turn over
Br 6H5 9701/1/O/N/02
 A ionic atomic
B ionic molecular
C molecular atomic

25 [J’02 p11 q8]

D molecular molecular

8 Which statement about the standard enthalpy change of formation of carbon dioxide is correct?

A It is equal to the standard enthalpy change of combustion of carbon.

B It is equal to twice the bond energy of the C=O bond.
C It is the energy released when one mole 6 of carbon dioxide is formed from carbon at the
temperature of combustion of the carbon.
16 During
D It iselectrolysis
the same forof carbon
brine indioxide
a diaphragm
producedcell,
fromchlorine,
graphitehydrogen and sodium hydroxide are
and from diamond.
produced.

9 What
Use ofisthe
theData
molarBooklet
ratio ofisthese products?
relevant to this question.
26 [J’02 chlorine
p11 q11] hydrogen sodium hydroxide163 rocket fighter in World War II and for the
Hydrazine was used as a fuel for the Messerschmidt 5
American
A 1 Gemini and Apollo
1 spacecraft. It 1
has the following formula.
11 Which curve is obtained if the rate of reaction is plotted against time for an autocatalytic reaction
B (i.e.
1 a reaction in 1
which one of the products
2 catalyses the reaction)?
H H
C 2 1 17 N
N
A B C D
20 Which
D set
2 of alcohols correctly
2 shows a H
primary,
1 H
a secondary and a tertiary alcohol?

What is the enthalpy change

primaryof atomisation of 1 mol of gaseous hydrazine?
secondary tertiary
17 Which statement explains the observation that magnesium hydroxide dissolves in aqueous
rate
ammonium
A 550 kJchloride, but ratein aqueous sodium chloride?
not rate rate
CH OH 2 CH OH 2 CH OH 2
B
A 1720ionic
The kJ radius the NH4+
ofCH
ion is similarCHOH
to that of not that Mg2+ but
of Na+.
A 2 0 CHOH
0 0 0
C 0NH
B 1970Cltime
kJdissociates less fully
0 thantimeNaCl. 0 time 0 time
4
CH3 CH3 CH2 OH
D The
C 2554ions
kJ Na+ and Mg2+ are isoelectronic (have the same number of electrons).
12 Which species represented by the following formulae has the largest radius?
CH2 OH CH3 CH3
D The ion NH+ acts as 4 an acid.
3– – K+
2710 [J’02 p11
A q18]
For which P
Bequilibrium
B Cl
CH does
C K
C units?
Hc have no
CH
Ar
C OH
D
CH3 C H
3 3

18 Sulphur
A C(s)dioxide is an important
+ H2O(g) CO(g)
CH +food preservative.
H2(g) CH3 CH OH
13 Which of the following oxides is unlikely to dissolve in aqueous sodium2 hydroxide?
3
B CH
What 3OH(l) makes
property + CH3CO 2H(l) dioxide
sulphur CH3useful
CO2CH (l) +role?
in3this H O(l)
A Al 2O3 CH OH
B 2 MgO CH
C SO2 2 OH 2 D SiO2 CH2 OH
C Cu2+(aq) + 4NH3(aq) Cu(NH3)2+ 4 (aq)
A It is a Cgas. CH C H CH3 C CH2 OH CH3 C CH2 OH
3
D N2O4(g) 2NO 2(g)
14 An element of the
B It is a reducing agent.third period (Na to S) is heated in chlorine. The product is purified and then
H resulting solution isHfound to be neutral.
added to water. The CH2 OH
C It reacts with oxygen to form sulphur trioxide.
What is the element?
H CH3 CH3
D It reacts with water to form an acidic solution.
9701/1/M/J/02
A Dsodium CH3 C OH CH3 C OH CH3 C OH
B aluminium
19 The anaesthetic halothane,
H CF3CHBrCl , is made
H industrially as shown
CHbelow.
3
C q21]
28 [J’02 p11 silicon
HF Br2
D phosphorus
CCl2=CHCl ⎯⎯→ CF3CH2Cl ⎯⎯→ CF3CHBrCl
21 What is the total number of different chloroethanesstage
stage 1 (formula
2 C2 H6-nCln, where n can be any
integer from 1 to 6)?
15 Which equation represents the reaction that occurs when calcium nitrate is heated strongly?
What type of reaction is occurring in stage 2?
A 6 B 8 C 9 D 10
A Ca(NO ) → Ca(NO2)2 + O2
3 2
A electrophilic addition
B Ca(NO3)2 → CaO + N2O + 2O2
22 Polymerisation
B electrophilicof substitution
chloroethene gives pvc.
C Ca(NO3)2 → CaO2 + 2NO2
C free
How radical
does substitution bond in pvc compare with that in chloroethene?
D the carbon-carbon
2Ca(NO ) → 2CaO + 4NO + O
3 2 2 2
D nucleophilic addition
A longer stronger
B longer weaker
C shorter stronger
D shorter weaker
9701/1/M/J/02
 SECTION
14 B
The responses A to D should be selected on the basis of

A B 12 C D
1, 2 and
The responses 3 D should be selected
A to 1 and 2on the basis of 2 and 3 1 only
are only are 12 only are is
correct
A correct
B Ccorrect D correct
Section B
1, 2 and 3 1 and 2 2 and 3 1 only
NoFor
other
eachcombination
of the of statements
arequestions in thisonly is used
are
section, one oras a correct
moreonly response.
arethree
of the is
numbered statements 1 to 3 may
be correct. correct correct correct correct

38Decide
Limonene is each
whether foundof in
thelemons.
statements is or is not correct (you may find it helpful to put a tick against
No
the other combination of consider
statements is used as a correct response.
29 [N’05 p11 q34]
statements that you to be correct).

The responses A to D should be selected on the basis of

34 Hydroxyapatite, Ca5(PO4)3OH, is the main constituent of tooth enamel. In the presence of saliva,
the following equilibria exist.
A B C D
Ca5(PO4)3OH(s) 5Ca2+(aq) + 3PO43 −(aq) + OH–(aq)
1, 2 and 3 1 and 2 2 and 3 1 only
are 2 −only are + 3−
only are is
HPO4 (aq) H (aq) + PO4 (aq)
correct correct correct correct
Which of the following statements help to explain why tooth enamel is dissolved more readily
when saliva is acidic? limonene
No other combination of statements is used as a correct response.
Limonene is heatedions
1 The hydroxide with concentrated
are the acid. potassium manganate(VII).
neutralised byacidified
31 2Which
Theofphosphate
the following PO43 −(aq) accepts
ionmolecules +
and ionsHhave
(aq)a regular trigonal planar shape?
Which compounds are produced?
31 Calcium
Al Cl3 ions react with acids.
1 2 CH3COCH
CH
+ 2CH2CH(CH2CO2H)2
3
352 What
3 CO
PHproperties
2
enable magnesium oxide to be used as a refractory lining in a furnace?
3
30 [J’05Itp11 q32]
3 1 CH 3COCH2CH2CH(COCH3)CH2CO2H
has a high melting point.
32 2A quantity
It has aoflow
solid Y was
thermal placed in a previously evacuated vessel and the apparatus was then
conductivity.
held at a series of different temperatures. At each temperature, the mass of Y in the vapour state
39 Chlorofluoroalkanes
3was Itcalculated
does not from havebasic
reactpressure
with been used as theThe
slags.
measurements. refrigerant
results areinshown
refrigerators
below. but care has to be taken in
disposing of old refrigerators.
mass of
Which statements about chlorofluoroalkanes are correct?
36 Chlorine reacts with hot concentrated aqueous sodium hydroxide according to the equation
below. vapour

1 C–Cl bonds 3Cl

more m undergo homolytic fission than C–F bonds.
readily
(g) + 6NaOH(aq) → NaCl O (aq) + 5NaCl (aq) + 3H O(l)
2 3 2

2 Care is taken in the disposal of old refrigerators because of possible ozone depletion.
Which conclusions can be drawn from this information?
3 1 CThe
2H4Cl F is more
oxidation statevolatile than C2inHone
of the chlorine 6. of the products is +5.
T temperature
2 The chlorine undergoes disproportionation.
40 The
3 MThe ofsodium
What rcan compound X isacts
be deduced from
hydroxide 72.diagram?
the The
as composition
a reducing agent.by mass of X is 66.7% carbon, 11.1% hydrogen
and 22.2% oxygen. X gives an orange precipitate with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine reagent.
X 1does not react with Fehling’s reagent.
The mass of Y used in the experiment was m.
2 The pressure of the vapour was constant for all temperatures above temperature T.
What can be deduced from this information?
3 Liquid appeared at temperature T.
1 X is a carbonyl compound.
2 X is a ketone.
3
© UCLES 2005
X is butanone. 9701/01/O/N/05

© UCLES 2018 9701/11/M/J/18

© UCLES 2005 9701/01/M/J/05
31 [J’05 p11 q33] 13

33 Which of the enthalpy changes of the following reactions can only be obtained by application of
Hess’ Law? 13
1 The hydration of anhydrous copper sulphate to form crystals of CuSO4.5H2O.
33 Which of the enthalpy changes of the following reactions can only be obtained by application of
Hess’
2 The Law?
formation of methane from its elements.
13 The hydration
The combustionof of glucose, copper
anhydrous C6H12Osulphate
6. to form crystals of CuSO4.5H2O.
2 The formation of methane from its elements.
34 3The The
stoichiometry of of
combustion a catalysed
glucose, Creaction
6H12O6.
is shown by the equation below.
32 [J’05 p11 q34] P (g) + Q (g) R (g) + S (g)
34 The stoichiometry of a catalysed reaction is shown by the equation below.
Two experiments were carried out in which the production of R was measured against time. The
results are shown in the diagram below.
P (g) + Q (g) R (g) + S (g)

Two experiments were carried out in which the production of R was measured against time. The
results are shown in the diagram below.
experiment 1
amount of R experiment 2

experiment 1
amount of R
0 experiment 2
0 time

Which changes in the conditions 0from experiment 1 to experiment 2 might explain

the results shown? 0 time
1 Less of P was used.
Which changes in the conditions from experiment 1 to experiment 2 might explain
the
2 results shown?
A different catalyst was used.

13 Product
Less wasused.
of PSwas continuously removed from the reaction vessel.

2 A different catalyst was used.

35 3UseProduct
of the Data Booklet
S was is relevant
continuously to this from
removed question.
the reaction vessel.
Which properties would be expected from radium, 88Ra, or its compounds?
35 Use
1 of the Data
Radium Bookletdecomposes
carbonate is relevant toonly
this at
question.
a very high temperature.

2 Radium
Which hydroxide
properties wouldisbevery insoluble.
expected from radium, 88Ra, or its compounds?

13 Radium carbonate
Radium does not react with cold only
decomposes water.
at a very high temperature.
2 Radium hydroxide is very insoluble.
3 Radium does not react with cold water.

© UCLES 2005 9701/01/M/J/05 [Turn over

© UCLES 2005 9701/01/M/J/05 [Turn over

 The responses A to D should be selected on the basis of

A B C D
33 [J’05 p11 q39]
1, 2 and 3 1 and 2 15 2 and 3 1 only
are only are only are is
39 The steroid shown is an intermediate
correct correct compound correct
obtained during the synthesis
correct of Formestane
which is used in the treatment of breast cancer.

No other combination of statements is used as a correctCH O

response.
3

CH3
35 Which reactions involving calcium and its compounds would produce two gaseous products?

1 heating solid anhydrous calcium nitrate

HO
2 heating solid anhydrous calcium carbonate
OH
3 adding calcium metal to water
Which statements about this compound are correct?

1 It reacts with hydrogen cyanide in a nucleophilic addition reaction.

36 Which properties in the sequence hydrogen chloride, hydrogen bromide and hydrogen iodide
steadily
2 increase?
It can be oxidised by warm acidified potassium dichromate(VI) to a carboxylic acid.

13 It will react
thermal with Fehling’s solution.
stability
2 bond length
40 A sun protection cream contains the following ester as its active ingredient.
3 ease of oxidation
34 [N’04 p11 q37] CH2CH2
CH3O CH CHCO2CH2CH
CH2CHin
37 Which compounds may result from mixing ethane and chlorine 2CH2CH3
the presence of sunlight?

1 CH3CH2Cl
What are the products of its partial or total hydrolysis by aqueous sodium hydroxide?
2 CH3CH2CH2CH3
1 CH3CH2CH2CH2CH(CH2CH3)CH2OH
3 CH3CHCl CHCl CH3

2 CH3O CH CHCO2- Na+

3 CH3O CO-2 Na+

© UCLES 2004 9701/01/O/N/04

© UCLES 2005 9701/01/M/J/05

35 [N’04 p11 q38] 17

38 When halogenoalkanes, RX, are hydrolysed with NaOH, the corresponding sodium halide, NaX,
is produced. 17
RX + NaOH → ROH + NaX
38 When halogenoalkanes, RX, are hydrolysed with NaOH, the corresponding sodium halide, NaX,
is produced.
A student investigated the amount of NaX produced by hydrolysing CH3CH2Cl and another
halogenoalkane, Y. In a given time the amount of sodium halide formed was greater with Y than
RX + NaOH → ROH + NaX
with CH3CH2Cl.
A student investigated the amount of NaX produced by hydrolysing CH3CH2Cl and another
halogenoalkane, Y. In a given time the amount of sodium halide formed was greater with Y than
with CH3CH2Cl.

number of Y
moles of
NaX formed
number of Y
CH3CH2Cl
moles of
NaX formed
0 CH3CH2Cl
0 time

Which compound could be Y?

0
1 Cl CH2CH2Cl 0 time

2 CHcompound
Which 3CH2Br could be Y?

13 CHCH
Cl 3CH 2I 2Cl
2CH

2 CH3CH2Br
39 Pentaerythritol is an intermediate in the manufacture of paint.
3 CH3CH2I
36 [N’04 p11 q39]
CH2OH
HOCH2
C
HOCH
39 Pentaerythritol is an intermediate in the CH2OH
manufacture
2
of paint.
pentaerythritol
HOCH2 CH2OH
C
HOCH
Which of the following statements about CH2OHare correct?
pentaerythritol
2

1 It reacts with metallic sodium. pentaerythritol

2 It is
Which ofdehydrated bystatements
the following concentrated sulphuric
about acid to anare
pentaerythritol alkene.
correct?

13 ItItsreacts
empirical
with formula
metallicissodium.
CH3O.

2 It is dehydrated by concentrated sulphuric acid to an alkene.

3 Its empirical formula is CH3O.

© UCLES 2004 9701/01/O/N/04 [Turn over

© UCLES 2004 9701/01/O/N/04 [Turn over

 34 Which pairs of compounds contain one that is giant ionic and one that is simple molecular?
H H
1 Al 2O3 and Al 2Cl 6 C C
H C O
2 SiO2 and SiCl 4
H
3 P4O10 and PCl 3 acrolein
37 [J’04 p11 q35]
What can be deduced from this structure?
35 When coal is burnt, gaseous oxides of carbon and sulphur are formed which pollute the
o
atmosphere.
1 All bond One method
angles of preventing120
are approximately such . pollution involves adding calcium carbonate to the
burning coal. The temperature of the process causes the decomposition of the calcium carbonate
2 calcium
into It will undergo
oxide. electrophilic addition reactions.
3 It will undergo nucleophilic addition reactions.
Which reactions will be important in helping to reduce atmospheric pollution?

1 Calcium oxide reacts with sulphur dioxide to form calcium sulphite.

38 11
What can be produced when an aqueous solution of butan-1-ol is heated with dilute acidified
2potassium
Calcium oxide reacts with sulphur dioxide and more air to form calcium sulphate.
manganate(VII)?
Section B
31 Calcium
butanal oxide reacts with carbon monoxide to form calcium carbonate.
For each of the questions in this section, one or more of the three numbered statements 1 to 3 may be
correct.
2 butanoic acid
36 When a hot glass rod is placed in a gas jar of hydrogen iodide, there is an immediate reaction as
3 hydrogen
butanoneiodide decomposes.
Decide whether each of the statements is or is not correct (you may find it helpful to put a tick against
the
38 [J’04 p11 q39]
the statements that you consider to be correct).
Which statements about this reaction are correct?
39 Which carbonyl compounds could be easily oxidised to carboxylic acids that are readily soluble in
The 1cold water?A toiodide
responses
Hydrogen D should be selected
is purple on the basis of
coloured.

1 CH
2
3CH2CHO
The hot rod provides the activation energy.
A B C D
3 One of the products is a solid.
2 1,CHO
2 and 3 1 and 2 2 and 3 1 only
are only are only are is
3 correct
CO correct correct correct

No other
40 Whichcombination
properties of
of statements is used
poly(alkenes) aspvc
and of a correct response.
can cause their disposal to be difficult?

39 [N’03 p11 q31]

1 Poly(alkenes) are highly flammable.
2 Poly(alkenes) are non–biodegradable.
31 It is suggested that the solid deposits of ammonium compounds on the leaves of trees found in
3areas of produces
pvc high pollution are caused
harmful by the
combustion following reaction.
products.

2NH3 + SO3 + H2O → (NH4 )2SO4

Which
! UCLES 2004 of these take place in this reaction?9701/01/M/J/04

1 an acid-base reaction
2 ionic bond formation
3 oxidation and reduction

32 One explanation of the explosion at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant in 1986 is that the graphite
reactor overheated and reacted with the cooling water according to the following equation.
! UCLES 2004 9701/01/M/J/04

C(s) + H2O(g) H2(g) + CO(g) ∆H = + 131 kJ mol–1

What are possible reasons why the forward reaction is more likely to occur at high temperature?

1 Hydrogen and carbon monoxide do not react at high temperature.

2 At lower temperature, the position of equilibrium lies too far to the left.
3 The energy of activation is high.
 Which of these take place in this reaction?

1 an acid-base reaction
2 ionic bond formation
3 oxidation and reduction
40 [N’03 p11 q32]
13
32 One explanation of the explosion at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant in 1986 is that the graphite
reactor
36 overheated
Which and
processes reacted
involve the with the cooling
conversion waterdioxide
of sulphur according
into to the following
sulphur trioxide? equation.

1 C(s) + H
the combustion of2O(g) H2(g) + CO(g)
sulphur contaminated carbonaceous 131 kJ mol–1
∆H = +fuels

What2 arethe Contact

possible processwhy
reasons for manufacturing sulphuric
the forward reaction acid likely to occur at high temperature?
is more
3 the catalytic oxidation of sulphur dioxide by oxides of nitrogen
1 Hydrogen and carbon monoxide do not react at high temperature.
2 At lower temperature, the position of equilibrium lies too far to the left.
37 Which molecules would be present in the photochemical chlorination of methane?
3 The energy of activation is high.
1 hydrogen
2 hydrogen chloride
3 dichloromethane
41 [N’03 p11 q38]

38 The taste buds on the tongue are chiral and can distinguish one optical isomer from another.

Which naturally-occurring compounds will have optical isomers that may be distinguished by
taste?
9701/1/O/N/03 [Turn over
CH O CH 3

H C OH O O

1 H C OH 2 OH 3 HO C CH CH C OH
12
H C A OH CH
The responses to D should be selectedCH
on the basis
CH of
3 3
CH2OH
A B C D
ribose1, 2 and 3 are 1 and 2 menthol
only are 2 and 3 only are maleic acid
1 only is correct
correct correct correct

39 The compound shown is a hormone produced during pregnancy to suppress ovulation.

No other combination of statements is used as a correct response.
42 [J’03 p11 q33]
CH3
33 The conversion of graphite into diamond is an endothermic reaction (∆H = +3 kJ mol–1).
C O
CH
C(graphite) → C(diamond)3

Which statements are correct?

CH3
1 The enthalpy change of atomisation of diamond is smaller than that of graphite.
2 The bond energy of the C–C bonds in graphite is greater than that in diamond.
O
3 The enthalpy change of combustion of diamond is greater than that of graphite.
Which reagents would give positive results with this compound?
34 Which of the following statements are correct for the sequence of compounds below considered
1 aqueous bromine
from left to right?
2 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine
NaF MgO Al N SiC
3 Fehling’s reagent
9701/1/O/N/03 [Turn over
1 The electronegativity difference between the elements in each compound increases.
2 The formula-units of these compounds are isoelectronic (have the same number of
electrons).
3 The bonding becomes increasingly covalent.

35 Which statements are reasons why sulphur dioxide is used as a food preservative?

1 It is a reducing agent and therefore an anti-oxidant.

 X(g) + Y(g) Z(g)
1 The electronegativity difference between the elements in each compound increases.
2varies withformula-units
The temperature as
of shown
these incompounds
the diagram are
below.
isoelectronic (have the same number of
electrons).
3 The bonding becomes increasingly covalent.
43 [J’03 p11 q35]

35 Which statements are reasons why sulphur dioxide 13 is used as a food preservative?
Kp
35 1TheItelement astatine
is a reducing lies and
agent below iodine inan
therefore Group VII of the Periodic Table.
anti-oxidant.
2What
It prevents
will be thealcohols forming
properties sour-tasting acids.
of astatine?
3 It does not smell and therefore can be used in more than trace quantities.
1 It forms diatomic molecules which dissociate more readily than chlorine molecules.
T
2 It reacts explosively with hydrogen.
36 Why
Whichis conclusions
the additioncan
of concentrated
drawn fromsulphuric
be agent. acid to solid potassium iodide unsuitable for the
this information?
3 It is a good
preparation reducing
of hydrogen iodide?
44 [N’02 p11 q36]
1 The reaction is exothermic in the forward direction.
1 Hydrogen iodide is not displaced by sulphuric acid.
36 2Ammonia and chlorine
The equilibrium reactcontains
mixture in the gas phase. proportion of Z at higher pressures.
a greater
2 Iodide ions are oxidised to iodine.
3 The equilibrium
8NH3 + 3Clmixture contains a greater proportion of Z at higher temperatures.
2 → N2 + 6NH4 Cl
3 The product is contaminated by sulphur compounds.
Which statements are correct?
35 When decomposing in water, organic refuse is oxidised to form carboxylic acids. The water
becomes
1 acidicbehaves
Ammonia and aquatic
as alife is destroyed.
reducing agent.
2 Ammonia
Which additivesbehaves as ato
are suitable base.
remove this acid pollution?
3 The oxidation number of the hydrogen changes.
1 calcium carbonate
9701/1/M/J/03

2 calcium hydroxide
37 Which compounds show cis-trans isomerism?
3 potassium nitrate
45 [J’02
1 p11 q36]
but-2-ene
2
36 Which but-1-ene
properties would be expected for the Group II element, strontium, or its compounds?
13
3 2-methylpropene
1 When heated in oxygen, strontium does not burn.
37 Which sodium salts form a precipitate when AgNO3(aq) followed by dilute NH3(aq) is added to its
2 On being
aqueous heated, strontium carbonate decomposes to give strontium oxide.
solution?
38 When octane is subjected to catalytic cracking, which compounds can be obtained?
3 When strontium oxide is added to water, the solution is alkaline.
1 chloride
1 CH2=CH2
2 bromide
2 CH3CH2CH=CH2 9701/1/M/J/02

3 iodide
3
46 [J’02 CH
p113(CH 2)4 CH3
q38]

38 Which compounds would be formed in the reaction of ethene with aqueous bromine in the
39 Which ions are present in a solution of ethanol in an excess of concentrated sulphuric acid?
presence of sodium chloride?
1 CH CH2O–
1 CH23ClCH+2
Cl
2 CH CH2OH2
2 CH23BrCH 2Cl
3 HSO–4
3 CH2BrCH2Br

40 In the reaction between an aldehyde and HCN catalysed by NaCN, which statements about the
39 Halogenoalkanes react with aqueous alkali. One mechanism of this reaction has the reaction
reaction mechanism are true?
pathway diagram shown below.
1 A new carbon-carbon bond is formed.
2 Z charge.
In the intermediate, the oxygen carried a negative
3 The last stage involves the formation of a hydrogen-oxygen bond.
Y

energy 9701/1/O/N/02

X
R – Hal + OH–

ROH + Hal–