Past Continuous

- Verb to be  Was / Were

- ING  in the main verb (The action was in
progress)

Patricia was dancing champeta

Manuel and Angelica were Drinking

aguapanela

WAS I, he, she, It

WERE  You We They

Communicative function of Past continuous

Angelica drunk Aguapanela

Manuel was playing with the cellphone
Geronimo was watching cartoons

AT the Same time

Patricia wasn’t kissing
her boy-friend

Milena wasn’t speaking in

English
A bomb exploded in the street
Manuel was not playing
soccer

Ricardo was not buying a

chocolate

Mayerly was not working

at home

Past continuous

- Expresses two actions in the past

 - The actions happen at the same time
- We variate between simple past and past
contiunous according to the main action

A bomb exploded while Ricardo was

buying a chocolate

When Was Patricia kissing her boy-friend?

Patricia was kissing her boyfriend in her home yesterday

Why Was Milena speaking in English?

Milena was Speaking English because he was in a date with

an American man.

Who Was Manuel playing soccer with?

Manuel was playing with Geronimo

Where Was Diana buying a chocolate?

Diana was buying a chocolate in the cafeteria

How Was Mayerly working at home?

Mayerly was working through her computer

Present Perfect
- Auxiliary has / have
Have I you we they
HAS He, she, it
- Past participle of the verb
Focus on the third column of the list
of verbs
- Regular verbs do not change from
the simple past form

We’ve danced reggaeton

I’ve danced reggaeton
She’s danced reggaeton
They’ve danced reggaeton
You’ve danced reggaeton
Characteristics of present perfect
-Auxiliary has  HE SHE IT/
have I you, we, they
- Past participle of the main verb
(third column)
- Present perfect does not express a
specific time

Karol has studied at school

Santiago has slept late

I’ve worked at INCAP

She’s arrived late

Santiago hasn’t slept late

Santiago hasn’t stolen the Cristian’s
girlfriend
We haven’t studied English during
the week

Questions
Cristian has cried for his girlfriend
Has Cristian cried for his
girlfriend?
Yes, he has cried...
No, he hasn’t cried…

Why has Cristian cried for his

girlfriend?

Because he loved her.

Use of present perfect.

1. Finished actions – past
experiences
 I have traveled to London three
times
Tatiana has danced K-pop at
school

Yesid has worked as supervisor at

scribe
Roberto Carlos has worked as a
barber
We have been 5 days in
quarantine
2. Completed actions in past (We
don’t have adverb of time)
I have finished school when I was
23
3. Unfinished actions

Cristian has not finished the

English course
 Yesid has not finished the tin tin
workshop

We have not paid the Energy bill.

Roberto has worked as a barber since

Since 2017 and he continues working

For Roberto has worked as a barber for 3

years and he will work for ever

Simple Past Present Perfect

For actions that happened and
finished in the past
For actions that happened in the
past and we know exactly when
With yesterday, then, ago, last
night/week …, in 2001..
For actions which started in the
past and continue up to now
For actions that happened in the
past but we don’t know the exact
time
With for, since, ever, never, yet,
already, so far, how long…

I have ever (+?) visited Santa Marta

Have you ever visited SMR
I haven’t never visited SMR
I have already done the tin tin workshop
I have not done the tin tin workshop yet

Cristian has not paid the Energy bill

yet.
Cristian has already paid the E….
 Manuel has written a romantic
Angelica and Manuel have traveled to
Venezuela 3 times

Mayerly has eaten dog meat once

Pandita has traveled to USA

 Patricia has kissed her boyfriend 1000
times

Manuel has traveled to Maracay 6

times

Present perfect is used in three cases

1. Past experiences

I have had a girlfriend older than me

I have traveled to Spain three times
I have seen the sea once
2. Completed actions (don’t put an
adverb of time)
You have changed your way to be
Manuel has visited Maracay
Mayerly has seen the sea
3. Unfinished past
 Manuel hasn’t paid the energy bill.
I haven’t finished the exam
FOR Manuel has studied with Ricardo for two years
SINCE Manuel has studied with Ricardo since 2018 /
2020

Milena has worked since 2010

Milena has worked for 10 years

Pandita has studied at INCAP for 3 years

A and M have had a relationship for 6 years

A and M have had a relationship since 2014

Simple Past Present Perfect

For actions that happened and
finished in the past
For actions that happened in the
past and we know exactly when
With yesterday, then, ago, last
night/week …, in 2001..
For actions which started in the
past and continue up to now
For actions that happened in the
past but we don’t know the exact
time
With for, since, ever, never, yet,
already, so far, how long…

I have ever traveled to Cartagena

I have not never visited Usme
I have already finished the class
You have not finished the class yet

Manuel has not paid the energy bill yet.

Angelica has already paid the water bill