THGS Mathematics extension1 Trial 2010

Year 12 Trial Examination – Mathematics Extension 1

Question One 12 marks (Start on a new page) Marks

a) If P is the point (-3, 5) and Q is the point (1, -2), find the co-ordinates of the
point R which divides the interval PQ externally in the ratio 3:2. 2

b) When (x + 3) (x – 2) +2 is divided by x – k, the remainder is k2.

Find the value of k. 2

x
c) Solve 1 3
x 3

d) Find the general solution of sin   cos  in radians 2


2
e) Find the exact value of 2 sin 2 x dx 3
0

Question Two 12 marks (Start on a new page)

dy d2 y
a) Draw a graph of a function y  f  x  for 1  x  2 such that  0 and 0
dx dx 2
for 1  x  2 2

b) Differentiate:

1
i) 2
1  4 x2

ii) e2 x log e 2 x 2

Show that x 2  4 x  13   x  2   9
2
c) i) 1


1 dx
ii) Hence find 2
x  4 x  13
2


3
d) Evaluate x x 2  1 dx using the substitution that u  x 2  1 3
0

Page 1 of 6
 THGS Mathematics extension1 Trial 2010

Question Three 12 marks (Start on a new page) Marks

x 1
a) Given f  x  
x2
i) Write an expression for the inverse function f 1  x  1

ii) Write down the domain and range of f 1  x  2

b) PT is a tangent to circle ABT.

PAB is a secant intersecting
the circle in A and B.
A P PA = 8 cm and AB = 10 cm.
Find the length of PT giving
B
reasons. 2
T

c) Find the gradients of the 2 lines which make angles of 45° with the line whose
equation is 2 x  3 y  6  0 . 3


d) i) Express cos   3 sin  in the form r cos     where r  0and 0    2
2

ii) Hence solve cos  3 sin   1 for  2    2 2

Question Four 12 marks (Start on a new page)

a)
R
The angle of elevation of a hill top
h
from a place P due south of it is 37°.
The angle of elevation of this same
Q 23° K hill top from a place Q, due west of P,
is 23°. The distance of Q from P is
3 km 37°
3km. If the height of the hill is h km.
P
South East

i) Prove that PK = h cot 37° 2

ii) Find a similar expression for QK 2

iii) Hence, or otherwise calculate the height of the hill to two decimal places. 2

Page 2 of 6
 THGS Mathematics extension1 Trial 2010

Question Four continued Marks

b)
Water is running out of a filled
10 conical funnel at the rate of
•
5cm3 s 1 . The radius of the
20 funnel is 10 cm and the height
is 20 cm:

i) How fast is the water level dropping when the water is 10 cm deep?
(answer in exact form) 4

ii) How long does it take for the water to drop to 10 cm deep? 2
(answer to 2 decimal places)

Question Five 12 marks (Start on a new page)

a) T P

A
C
B

PT is a tangent and PAB is a secant. TC = TA.

Prove BTC  TPA 3

b) Given θ is acute:


i) Write sin in terms of cos  1
2

 sin 
ii) Prove that tan  2
2 1  cos 

4 
iii) If sin   , find the value of tan 3
5 2

d
c) Find cos 1  sin x  3
dx

Page 3 of 6
 THGS Mathematics extension1 Trial 2010

Question Six 12 marks (Start on a new page) Marks

a) i) Show that the sum of the cubes of three consecutive integers

 n  1 , n,  n  1 is 3n3  6n . 2

ii) Using part i), prove by mathematical induction, for all positive integers n, n ≥ 1 that
the sum of the cubes of the three consecutive integers is divisible by 9. 3

b) Consider the variable point P  x, y  on the parabola x 2  2 y . The x value of P

is given by x = t:

i) write its y value in terms of t 1

ii) write an expression, in terms of t, for the square of the distance, m from P
to the point (6, 0) 1

iii) hence find the co-ordinates of P such that P is closest to the point (6, 0). 5

Question Seven 12 marks (Start on a new page)

Use the binomial expansion of 1  x 

2n
a) to show that:

 2n   2n   2n 
i) 1  2    4    ..........  4n   1 2
1  2  2n 

 2n   2n   2n  n  2n 
ii)    4    12    ..........  n 4     2n 2
1  2  3  2n 

Page 4 of 6
 THGS Mathematics extension1 Trial 2010

Question Seven continued Marks

b) Mr Mac hits a golf ball from a point O towards a flat, elevated green as shown in the
diagram below. The hole at the base of the flag is situated in the centre of the green:

Flag with hole at its base

y
Flight path of golf ball Diagram
not
Elevated green
to
scale

5m

x
Point O 158∙5 m

The golf ball is projected from the point O with initial velocity of v ms-1 at an
angle of α to the horizontal. You may assume the only force acting on the golf
ball in flight is gravity which is approximately 10ms-2:

i) Taking the point O as the origin, show the parametric equations of the flight
path of the golf ball are given by x  vt cos  and y   5t 2  vt sin  2

ii) If the angle of projection is given by   tan 1  1  find v which will

 3
enable Mr Mac to hit the ball directly into the hole on the green. The hole
is situated 158.5 m horizontally and 5 m vertically from point O. Answer
to the nearest integer. 3

iii) Using your value of v from part (ii), at what angle does the ball strike the green?
( answer to the nearest degree) 3

END OF EXAMINATION

Page 5 of 6
 THGS Mathematics extension1 Trial 2010

STANDARD INTEGRALS

1
x dx  x n1 , n  1; x 0 , if n  0
n
n1

1
 x dx  ln x , x  0

1 ax
e dx  e , a0
ax
a

1
 cos ax dx 
a
sin ax , a  0

1
 sin ax dx  
a
cos ax , a  0

1
 sec ax dx  tan ax , a  0
2
a

1
 sec ax tan ax dx 
a
sec ax , a  0

1 1 x
 a 2  x 2 dx 
a
tan 1 , a  0
a

1 x
 a x
2 2
dx  sin 1
a
, a  0,  a  x  a

1
 x a
2 2
dx  ln( x  x 2  a 2 ), x  a  0

1
 x a
2 2
dx  ln( x  x 2  a 2 )

NOTE: ln x = loge x, x > 0

Page 6 of 6
THGS Mathematics extension 1 trial solutions 2010

QUESTION 1
a) P  3,5  G 1, 2 
6  3
x 9
3  2

10  6
y  16
3  2

 R  9, 16 

b) P  k    k  3 k  2   2  k 2
k 40
k4

x
c) 1 ,x3
x3
x  x  3   x  3
2

x  x  3   x  3  0
2

 x  3 3  0
x3

d ) sin = cos
tan = 1
 = tan 11  n

 =  n
4


2

 2sin
2
e) x dx
0

2

 1  cos 2 x 
0
dx


 1 2
=  x  sin 2 x 
 2 0
 1
  sin   0
2 2

THGS Mathematics extension 1 trial solutions 2010

QUESTION 2
1
2bi ) y
1  4 x2

8
y 
1  4 x 2 

bii ) y = e 2 x log e 2 x

 1
y  e 2 x  2 ln x  
 x

ci ) RHS =  x  2   9
2

= x2  4 x  4  9
= x 2  4 x  13
= LHS

1dx
cii) x 2
 4 x  13

1dx
  x  2 2
9

1 1  x  2 
= tan  c
3  3 

3
2d ) x
0
x 2  1 dx u  x 2  1, du  2 xdx

4
1
2 1
= u du x 3 , u 4

4
1 3
= u 2  x  0, u 1
3  1
7
=
3

Question 3

x 1
ai ) y 
x2
THGS Mathematics extension 1 trial solutions 2010

Question 3
x 1
ai) y 
x2
y 1
x
y2
xy  2 x  y  1
y 1  x   2 x  1
2x 1
y
1 x

2x 1
f 1 
1 x

ii ) Domain all real, x  1

range all real, y  2

b) PT 2  BP  PA  prod of secant and tangent 

 18  8
PT  12

m1  m2
c) tan  
1  m 1 m2

2
 m2
1 3
2
1  m2
3

2 2
1  m2   m2
3 3

1 5
 m2
3 3
1
 m2 
5

since 45  45  90 ,

m1  5
THGS Mathematics extension 1 trial solutions 2010

di ) cos   3 sin   r cos    

 r cos  cos   r sin  sin 

r cos   1
r sin   3
tan   3


3
 
 cos   3 sin   2 cos    
 3

ii ) cos   3 sin   1
 
2 cos      1
 3
  1
cos     
 3 2
  5  5 7
 
, , , ,
3 3 3 3 3 3
2 4
 , , 0, 2 , 2
3 3

QUESTION 4
PK
ai ) tan37 
h
PK = h cot 37
h
aii ) tan 23 =
QK
QK  h cot 23

4aiii ) 32  h 2 cot 2 37  h 2 cot 2 23

h  cot 2 23  cot 2 37   9
9
h
 cot 2 23  cot 2 37 
h  1.54km
THGS Mathematics extension 1 trial solutions 2010

1
4bi ) v   r 2 h
3
2
1 h h
    h, r
3 2 2
1
  h3
12
dv 1 2
 h
dt 4
dh dh dv
 
dt dv dt
4
 2  5
h
20
 2
h
dh 1
when h  10,  cm / s
dt 5

dv
ii )  5
dt
v  5t  c
1 250
when t  0, v    20  
3

12 3
250 2000
 5t 
3 3
1750
5t 
3
350
t
3
t  367 s
THGS Mathematics extension 1 trial solutions 2010

Question 5
5a) PTA   BTA  angle between tan and chord 
TPA  PTA  TAC  ext angle of  
TCA  TPA  PTA  equal angles of isos  
BTC  TCB   BTA  equal angles of isos  
BTC  TPA


bi ) cos   1  2sin 2
2
2sin   1  cos 
2

1  cos 
sin  
2

sin 
bii ) RHS 
1  cos 

 
2sin cos
 2 2
  
1   2 cos 2  1
 2 

 
2sin cos
 2 2
 2  
 2 cos 
 2


sin
 2

cos
2

 tan  RHS
2
THGS Mathematics extension 1 trial solutions 2010

 sin 
biii ) tan 
2 1  cos 
4
 5
 3
1  
 5
1

2

d
c) cos 1  sin x 
dx

d
 sin x
 dx
1   sin x 
2

 cos x

cos 2 x
 1 for ist and 4th quad
= 1 for 2nd and 3rd quad, cos x  0
THGS Mathematics extension 1 trial solutions 2010

Question 6
ai ) S n    n  1  n3   n  1
2 3

 n3  3n 2  3n  1  n3  n3  3n 2  3n  1
 3n3  6n
 RHS

ii ) S1  9, S1 is divisible by 9

Assume that S n is divisible by 9 when n  k
ie S k   9m, then

S k 1  3  k  1  6  k  1
3

 3k 3  6k  9  k 2  k  1
 9m  9  k 2  k  1

 S k 1is divisible by 9. Hence by the pple of MI, the statement is true for all n  1

b) x2  2 y
i) x  t, t 2  2 y
t2
y 
2

2
 t2 
ii ) m   t  6    
2 2

2
t4
 t  12t  36 
2

dm 2
iii )  2t  12  t 3  0
dt
 t  2   t 2  2t  6   0
t  2, t 2  2t  6  0
P  2, 2    4  24  20
 no soln
THGS Mathematics extension 1 trial solutions 2010

QUESTION 7

1  x   C0 x 0  2 nC1 x1  2 nC2 x 2  ...  2 nC2 n x 2 n

2n 2n
ai )
let x  2
  1  1  2 nC1  2   2 nC2  2   .....  2 nC2 n  2 
2n 2 2n

n n
  1   1  2 2 nC1  4 2 nC2  .....   2   2 nC2 n
2 2
   
ie.1  1  2 C1  4 C2  .....  4 C2 n as reqd
2n 2n n 2n

aii ) Differentiate wrt x

2n 1  x 
2 n 1
 0  2 nC1  2 x 2 nC2  3x 2 2 nC3  .....  2nx 2 n 1 2 nC2 n

now let x  2
n
2n  1 C1  4 2 nC2  12 2 nC3  .....  2n 2 nC2 n  2   .  2 
2 n 1 1
 2n 2
 

2n  1  C1  4 2 nC2  12 2 nC3  .....  n 2 nC2 n  4  .  1

2n n

 2n  C1  4 2 nC2  12 2 nC3  .....  n 2 nC2 n  4

2n n
as reqd
THGS Mathematics extension 1 trial solutions 2010

Question 7b continued
7bi ) horizontal x  0 vertical y  10
x  c1 y  10t  c 3
x  v cos  y  v sin 
x   v cos  dt t  0,
 vt cos   c2  c 3  v sin 
t  0, x  0  c2  0 y  10t  v sin 
 x  vt cos  y   10t  v sin  dt
 y  5t 2  vt sin 

 1 
ii )   tan 1  
 3
3 1
cos   sin  
2 2
vt cos   x
x
t
v cos 
sub into
y  5t 2  vt sin 
 x2  vx
 5  2   sin 
 v cos   v cos 
2

5 x 2 sec 2 
  x tan 
v2
5 x 2
 2 1  tan 2    x tan 
v
1
using x  158.5, y  5, tan  
3

 1
5  158.52 1  
then 5  3   158.5  1
2
v 3
5  158.52  4  3
v2 
158.5  3  15 3 
v 2  1935.98
v  43.999m / s
v  44m / s
THGS Mathematics extension 1 trial solutions 2010

5 x 2
7biii ) y  2  x tan 
v cos 2 
5 x 2  1 
 2
 x 
 3  3
44 
2

 2 
5 2 3
 x  x
1452 3

5 3
y x
726 3

317
5 
mtan  2  3
726 3

acute tan   27

 ball strikes at 153

End of assessment