B.

arch (2nd sem)

Name: Debaditya Bir

Roll: 27802319010

Subject: Materials and Construction

Assignment -1 material finishes

 Ceiling finish: smooth ceiling
A smooth ceiling can give a room an elegant appearance
and blends seamlessly into the walls. Because of the way
the paint is applied, it also reflects the natural light more
readily on sunny days. Another point is a smooth surface
visually raises the ceiling, which makes the room look
larger and airier. Since it can be difficult to get a smooth
ceiling completely free of imperfections, a flat paint is
suggested to help disguise them.

Characteristics of smooth ceiling:

1. Most have superior slag resistance
2. Most have superior mould and mildew resistance
3. Class- A fire resistance.
4. Reflects 80%-90% of light
5. Sound blocking is between 30 and 35
6. Reduce up to 65%of sound in a room.
7. Up to 55% recycled content

Uses:
1. Provides and aesthetic look: - Smooth ceilings are
known for their aesthetic look, and they set well
against different wall designs. Popcorn and stucco
ceiling, on the other hand, look irregular and they
are not suitable for kitchens and bathrooms. The
bumpy appearance of popcorn ceilings often hides
imperfections or poor drywall work.
2. Good reflectors:- Smooth ceilings reflect light in a
better way because tradesmen apply paint on them
 differently. Smooth surfaces will visually increase
the height of your ceiling. It means that it will make
your room appear longer.
3. Highlights defects:- if you have a smooth ceiling in
your room, you can easily find small holes, cracks,
and other damages. You can find the defects and
take measures to fix them before painting the
ceiling.
4. It saves money:- if ypu have encountered a defect
on the surface of your smooth ceiling, it will be
easier for the tradesman to repair it, because they
will just remove the damaged piece and fix a new
piece of drywall on that place. The cost of repairing
the smooth ceiling is less expensive compared to
the textured ceiling.

 Floor finish: Wood flooring

Wood flooring is any product manufactured from timber
that is designed for use as flooring, either structural or
aesthetic. Wood is a common choice as a flooring material
and can come in various styles, colours, cuts and species.

Characteristics:
1. Timber or wood floors have natural beauty and
character, providing a warm, stylish and comfortable
atmosphere.
2. A natural, renewable and sustainable material,
timber is carbon is stored for the life of the timber.

Types:

1. Hardwood flooring:- solid hardwood floors are made

of planks milled from a single piece of timber. Slid
hardwood floors were originally used for structural
purposes, being installed perpendicular to the
wooden support beams of a building known as joists
or bearers.
2. Solid wood manufacturing:- solid wood flooring is
milled from a single piece of timber that is kiln or air
 dried before sawing. Depending on the desired look
of the floor, the timber can be cut in three ways: flat
sawn, quarter sawn, and rift sawn.
3. Rotary peel:- this process involves treating the wood
byoiling the log in water. After preparation, the
wood is peeled by a blade starting from the outside
of the log and working toward the center, thus
creating a wood veneer. The veneer is then pressed
flat with high pressure. This style of manufacturing
tends to have problems with the wood cupping or
curling back to its original shape. Rotary-peeled
engineered hardwoods tend to have a plywood
appearance in the grain.
4. Sliced-peel:- his process begins with the same
treatment process that the rotary peel method uses.
However, instead of being sliced in a rotary fashion,
with this technique the wood is sliced from the log in
much the same manner that lumber is sawn from a
log – straight through. The veneers do not go through
the same manufacturing process as rotary peeled
veneers. Engineered hardwood produced this way
tends to have fewer problems with "face checking",
and also does not have the same plywood
appearance in the grain.
5. Dry solid-sawn:- Instead of boiling the hardwood logs,
in this methods they are kept at a low humidity level
and dried slowly to draw moisture from the inside of
the wood cells. The logs are then sawn in the same
manner as for solid hardwood planks. This style of
engineered hardwood has the same look as solid
hardwood, and does not have any of the potential
problems of "face checking" that rotary-peel and
slice-peel products have, because the product is not
exposed to added moisture

 Wall finish: laminate wall finish

Laminates are known for their durability and reliability.
Since it looks like wood, and you stick it to a composite
 base, it is extremely durable and resists scratches and
stains. Laminates are available in a variety of colours and
designs. But they are mass produce so they lack
uniqueness in appearance.

Advantages:
1. It is easy to clean.
2. It is easier to install than many traditional surfaces.
3. It is more economical and requires less skill to install.
4. It is available in numerous designs, patterns, colours and
textures and hence it is pleasing.
5. It is very durable, hygienic and relatively easy to maintain.
6. No polishing painting is required.
7. It is the best choice for heavy use environments.
8. It can be installed over almost any existing floor.
9. It is moisture resistant. Also, it is an impact, shock and
pressure resistant.

Type and there uses:-

1. Decorative laminates – These have greater aesthetic
appeal in terms of finishes and patterns. Decorative
laminates can be used for doing ornamental overlays on
furniture. And there are so many to choose from as well!
Take a look at some of the popular decorative laminates .
2. Industrial laminates – These have higher strength and are
more resistant to wear and tear. They include high-
performance laminates which are fire retardant,
antibacterial and chemical resistant for application in
hospitals and other industries.
3. Compact laminates – These fairly thick ones are self-
supporting and do not need to be glued to any other
material.
4. Post formed laminates – These flexible versions are
thinner than regular laminates. They are used to wrap
around tables, columns etc.
5. High-pressure and low-pressure laminates – Differing only
in the pressure with which the laminate is applied on a
substrate, HPL is usually used with plywood while LPL finds
its use with MDF.