PROGRAM STUDI PENDIDIKAN BAHASA INGGRIS

FAKULTAS KEGURUAN DAN ILMU PENDIDIKAN

UNIVERSITAS ISLAM INDRAGIRI
Jl. Soebrantas No. 10. Tembilahan – Kab. Indragiri Hilir. Riau. 29212

SEMESTER FINAL EXAM

Name : Sipa Sapira Subject : English Syntax

Student Number : 502171010007 Lecturer : Samsul Amri, M.Pd

Direction: Answer the following questions based on the directions given.

1. Explain the following spiral

Sentence Word Phrase Word Morpheme

Answer:

2. Analyse the sentences below by using Bracketing, Labelled Bracketing, Clefting,

Pseudo-Clefting, Passivisation, Pronominalisation, and Fronting.
a. George buys branded things simply since he needs
1. BRACKETING
Sentence:
[George buys branded things simply since he needs]
Clauses:
[[George buys branded things simply] [since he needs]]
Phrases:
[[[George] [buys [branded] [things] [simply]] [since [he] [needs]]]
Words:
[[[[George]] [[buys] [[branded] [[things]]] [[simply]]] [[since] [[he]] [[needs]]]]
2. LABELLED BRACKETING
• [S George buys branded things simply since he needs]
• [S [S George buys branded things simply] [S since he needs]]
1 2 3

• [S [S [NPGeorge [VPbuys [APbranded [NPthings]] [AdvPsimply]] [S since [NPhe]

1 2 3

[VPneeds]]]
• [S [S [NP[NGeorge]] [VP[Vbuys] [AP[Abranded] [NP[Nthings]]] [AdvP[Advsimply]]]
1 2

[S [Auxsince] [NP[Nhe]] [VP[V needs]]]]

3

3. CLEFTING
X1= simply since he needs
It is simply since he needs that George buys branded things.
X2= branded things
It is branded things that George buys simply since he needs.
X3= George
It is George that buys branded things simply since he needs.

4. PSEUDO-CLEFTING
• What George does is buy branded things simply since he needs
• What George buys branded things is simply since he needs
• Branded things is what George buys simply since he needs
• Simply since he needs is what George buys branded things
 PROGRAM STUDI PENDIDIKAN BAHASA INGGRIS
FAKULTAS KEGURUAN DAN ILMU PENDIDIKAN
UNIVERSITAS ISLAM INDRAGIRI
Jl. Soebrantas No. 10. Tembilahan – Kab. Indragiri Hilir. Riau. 29212

5. PASSIVISATION
Branded things are bought by George simply since he needs.

6. PRONOMINALISATION
He buys branded things simply since his needs.

7. FRONTING
Simply since he needs, George buys branded things

b. A manager needs to percieve what he should undertake.

1. BRACKETING
Sentence:
[A manager needs to perceive what he should undertake]
Clauses:
[[A manager needs to percieve what he should undertake]]
Phrase:
[[[A manager] [needs [to perceive] what he should undertake]]]
Words:
[[[[A] [manager]] [[needs] [[to] [percieve]] [what] [[he] [should] [undertake]]]]]

2. LABELLED BRACKETING
• [S1 A manager needs to perceive what he should undertake]
• [S1 [S2 A manager needs to percieve what he should undertake]]
• [S1 [S2 [NP A manager] [VP needs [to percieve] [Aux what he should undertake]]]

3. CLEFTING
X1= What he should undertake
It is what he should undertake that a manager needs to perceive
X2= A manager
It is a manager that needs to perceive what he should undertake

4. PSEUDO-CLEFTING
• What a manager does is need to perceive what he should undertake
• What a manager needs to perceive is what he should undertake
• What he should undertake is what a manager needs to perceive

5. PASSIVISATION
What he should undertake to perceive is needed by a manager

6. PRONOMINALISATION
He needs to perceive what he should undertake

7. FRONTING
What he should undertake, a manager needs to perceive
To perceive, a manager needs what he should undertake
 PROGRAM STUDI PENDIDIKAN BAHASA INGGRIS
FAKULTAS KEGURUAN DAN ILMU PENDIDIKAN
UNIVERSITAS ISLAM INDRAGIRI
Jl. Soebrantas No. 10. Tembilahan – Kab. Indragiri Hilir. Riau. 29212

c. The films that the actor launched were very priceable.

1. BRACKETING
2. LABELLED BRACKETING

3. CLEFTING
X1= were very priceable
It were very priceable that the film the actor launched
X2= the actor
It was the actor that launched were very priceable the films
X3= the films
It were the films that the actor launched were very priceable

4. PSEUDO-CLEFTING
• What the films that the actor did were launch were very priceable
• What the films launched were very priceable was the actor
• The actor is what the films launched were very priceable

5. PASSIVISATION
The films are launched by the actor were very priceable

6. PRONOMINALISATION
The films that he launched were very priceable

7. FRONTING
That the actor launched were very priceable, the films.

d. The man sitting in the car has just bought some popular books.
1. BRACKETING
Sentence:
[The man sitting in the car has just bought some popular books]
Clauses:
Phrases:
Words:

2. LABELLED BARCKETING
3. CLEFTING
X1= popular books
It was popular books that the man sitting in the car has just bought some
X2= in the car
It was in the car that the man sitting has just bought some popular books
X3= the man
It was the man that sitting in the car has just bought some popular books.

4. PSEUDO-CLEFTING
• What the man did was sitting in the car has just bought some popular
books
• What the man sitting in the car is has just bought some popular books
• In the car is what the man sitting has just bought some popular books
 PROGRAM STUDI PENDIDIKAN BAHASA INGGRIS
FAKULTAS KEGURUAN DAN ILMU PENDIDIKAN
UNIVERSITAS ISLAM INDRAGIRI
Jl. Soebrantas No. 10. Tembilahan – Kab. Indragiri Hilir. Riau. 29212

• Sitting in the car has just bought some popular books was what the man
did

5. PASSIVISATION
Some popular books are has just bought by the man sitting in the car
The man was being sit in the car has just bought some popular books

6. PRONOMINALISATION
He sitting in the car has just bought some popular books

7. FRONTING
Popular books, the man sitting in the car has just bought some.
In the car, the man sitting has just bought some popular books.
Sitting in the car has just bought some popular books, the man.

e. David was widely accalimed for his avant-garden painting

1. BRACKETING
Sentence:
[David was widely acclaimed for his avant-garden painting]
Clauses:
[[David was widely acclaimed for his avant-garden painting]]

2. LABELLED BRACKETING
3.
4. CLEFTING
X1= for his avant-garden painting
It was for his avant-garden painting that David was widey acclaimed
X2= widely
It was widely that David acclaimed for his avant-garden painting
X3= David
It was David that widely acclaimed

a. Analyse the sentence below by using Phrase Structure Rules (Tree Diagram)
 PROGRAM STUDI PENDIDIKAN BAHASA INGGRIS
FAKULTAS KEGURUAN DAN ILMU PENDIDIKAN
UNIVERSITAS ISLAM INDRAGIRI
Jl. Soebrantas No. 10. Tembilahan – Kab. Indragiri Hilir. Riau. 29212

a) Someone has killed the dragon

NP Aux VP

N V NP

Det N

Someone has killed the dragon

b) Anne stirred the mixture continously.

S

NP VP

V NP Adv

N Det N

Anne stirred the mixture continously

c) The boys killed the rats with a long stick.

S

NP VP

Det N V NP PP

Det N P NP

Det AP N

Adj

The boys killed the rat with a long stick

d) My friends and I were in the garden yesterday.

 PROGRAM STUDI PENDIDIKAN BAHASA INGGRIS
FAKULTAS KEGURUAN DAN ILMU PENDIDIKAN
UNIVERSITAS ISLAM INDRAGIRI
Jl. Soebrantas No. 10. Tembilahan – Kab. Indragiri Hilir. Riau. 29212

NP VP

NP Conj NP V PP Adv

Det N N P NP

Det N

My friends and I were in the garden yesterday

e) Would you come to his party?

S

Aux NP VP

V PP

N P NP

Det N

Would you come to his party

f) Are you kidding?

S

Aux NP VP

N V

Are you kidding

g) His aunt will visit to Medan or She will go to Batam

 PROGRAM STUDI PENDIDIKAN BAHASA INGGRIS
FAKULTAS KEGURUAN DAN ILMU PENDIDIKAN
UNIVERSITAS ISLAM INDRAGIRI
Jl. Soebrantas No. 10. Tembilahan – Kab. Indragiri Hilir. Riau. 29212

S Conj S

NP Aux VP NP Aux VP

Det N V PP N V PP

P N P N

His aunt will visit to Medan or She will go to Batam

h) The handsome boy is fixing a computer and his sisters are reading Korean
novels.
S

S Conj S

NP Aux VP NP Aux VP

Det AP N V NP Det N V NP

Adj Det N AP N

Adj

The handsome boy is fixing a computer and his sisters are reading Korean Novels

i) My boss informed that he couldn’t come this morning.

S

NP VP

Det N V CP

C S

NP Aux VP

V NP

N Det N

My boss informed that he couldn’t come this morning

j) They don’t confirm what he is doing now.

 PROGRAM STUDI PENDIDIKAN BAHASA INGGRIS
FAKULTAS KEGURUAN DAN ILMU PENDIDIKAN
UNIVERSITAS ISLAM INDRAGIRI
Jl. Soebrantas No. 10. Tembilahan – Kab. Indragiri Hilir. Riau. 29212

NP Aux VP

V CP

C S

NP Aux VP

V PP

N P

They don’t confirm what he is doing now

Notes:
1. Your project must be typed on A4 paper size, normal margin, Footligh MT Light
font, 12 font size, 1,5 spaces.
2. Your project must be submitted not late than on Wednesday, July 03th, 2019.
3. Send your project to WA at 085365757756 or email: mr.amri.unisi@gmail.com
(PDF file).
4. Those who plagiarize other projects will fail on this test.
5. No excuse for who are late in submitting the project.

2.