Uritical Uniform [Iow: Ifa critical channel flow is also moving uniformly (at constant depth), it must core-

The Critical Slope spond to a critical slope s,, with y, : y.. This condition is analyzed by equating Eq.
(10.37a) to the Ch6zy (or Manning) formula:

o' : czAlR^s,:
*: $ einf"s,
n2gA, n2p p
",-dM:aj#c:8 fp
c_
b"
(10.38)

where a2 equals 1.0 for sI units and 2.208 for BG units. Equation (10.3g) is valid for
any channel shape. For a wide rectangular channel, bo * y., the formula reduces to

Wide rectangular channel: g,. ry"'\n

- a'y"' - f8
This is a special case, a reference point. In most channel flows y,, * y,..For fully rough
turbulent flow, the critical slope varies between 0.002 and 0.00g.

iixAhfrlfl iil,s

ilart iai The 50' triangular channel in Fig. E10.5 has a flow rate
e:16 m3/s. Compute (a) y", (b) V",
and (c) S. if n : 0.018.

r' Sutrutisrr

f; csc 50o
This is an easy cross section because all geometric quantities can be written directly in
depth y
terms of

P : 50' 4 : y2 cot 50.

2y csc

Rn: iy cos 50o bo: 2y cot 50o (1)

E10.5
The critical-flow condition satisfies Eq. (lO.3ja)

sAl: boe2
gQ! cot 50.)3 : (2y. cot 50.)e2

)': I 2Q2 \r/5: I \to)2 lr/5

= 2.37 m
(8 coF 50./ L*ii*tPl Ans. (a)

l)*rtl.h) Withy.known,fromEqs.(1)wecomputep.:6.1gm,Rr":0.760m,A,=4.70m2,andb6"-
3.97 m. The critical velocity from Eq. (10.37&) is

' Q
16 m3/s
v-:
A:noA:341 m/s Ans'(b)

(i:) (10'38) a critical slope

tr)nt't With n = 0.018, we compute from Eq'
2P
enr Ans. (c)
Jc -
enft, --e.81(0.018)1(6.18)
2^ll3t l.o(o.zoo)"'(:.sz)

t
9-

1
t!