ALDIANO FALAH HARDAMA – 12211070
THE SUMMARY OF “THE PROPERTIES OF PETROLEUM FLUIDS
SECOND EDITION” CHAPTER 7 – PROPERTIES OF WET GAS
This paper was made for completing the tasks which was given by Mr. Taufan Marhaendrajana
PROPERTIES OF WET GAS
The main idea we should have to the
analysis of the properties of a wet gas is
that the properties of gas in the surface
conditions are not the same as in the
reservoir conditions. The composition of
the surface gas is having considerably
fewer of the intermediate and heavy
components than the composition of the
reservoir gas.
Wet gases are usually separated in two-
stage separation system, as we can see in
figure 13-1. At the surface the well stream
is separatd into stock-tank liquid
(condensate), separator gas, and stock-tank
gas. All of these fluids must be included in
the recombination calculation.
Recombination of Surface Fluids-
Compositions Known
In order to determine the properties of gas
in the reservoir, we have to recombine the
surface liquid and gases. Thus we need to
know the surface composition and the
separator composition.
Surface Composition-Known
The composition of the reservoir gas can
be calculated by knowing the compositions
of the stock-tank liquid, separator gas,
stock-tank vent gas, and producing gas-oil
ratios.
First, convert the value of gas-oil ratio in
scf/STB to lb mole gas/lb mole stock tank
liquid. The conversions of gas-oil ratios
unit in term lb moles are used to combined
the compositions of the separator gas,
stock-tank gas, and stock-tank oil in the
proper ratios. Thus the compositions will
be used in correlations previously given to
estimate z-factor, gas viscosities, and other
properties.
Separator Composition Known
Often samples of gas and liquid are taken
from the primary separator. So we also
have to recombine the compositions of gas
and liquid. Sometimes the separator is
given in scf/STB, so it must be converted
to scf/SP bbl by dividing by the ratio of
separator liquid’s volume to stock-tank
liquid’s volume.
Recombination of Surface Fluids- divided by 29. Thus, the molecular weight
Compositions Unknown of the reservoir gas is mg/ng. So, the
specific gravity is
Sometimes there is no information about
the compositions of the fluids. So, the
engineer have to look at the production
data to estimate the specific gravity of the
reservoir gas. By estimate the specific
gravity, we could have to estimate the If the molecular weight of the stock-tank
other properties of the reservoir gas. There liquid is not known,
is two methods of estimating the specific
gravity of the reservoir gas.

Separator Gas and Stock-Tank Vent Gas

Properties Known
The surface gas is represented by a weight
average of the specific gravities of the
separator and stock-tank gas.
The producing gas-oil ratio is
Equation for three-stage separator sistem
With γSTO is the specific gravity of the
liquid in the stock-tank.
Properties of Stock-Tank Gas Unknown
Very often there is some properties that are
not measured in the informations. So we
need a correlation which available for use
in these situations.
The specific gravity (γ gR) is rewritten so
that only the properties and quantities of
the primary separator gas and the stock-
tank liquid are required

and VEQ, which is the equivalent volume, can

be described as

Then, on the basis one stock-tank barrel,

mass of the reservoir gas in pounds:
AGP, which is the additional gas
produced, can be described as

Mass of reservoir gas in poundmoles:

The specific gravity (γ gR) is defined as the

molecular weight of the reservoir gas
Formation Volume Factor of Wet Gas
The formation volume factor of wet gas
(FVF) is defined as the volume of
reservoir gas required to produce one
stock-tank barrel of liquid at the surface.
FVF could be defined as Bwg (Res bbl / bbl
STB)
Frequently, processing surface gas to
remove and liquefy the intermediate
hydrocarbons is economically feasible.
These liquids often called plant products.
The composition of the gas is needed to
make this calculation

There are two methods for estimating

formation volume factors for wet gases.
Where γoj is the specific gravity of the
Surface Compositions Known component as a liquid at standard
conditions.
Calculating the compositions of the
reservoir gas, the compositions of the
produced gases and liquid have to be
REFERENCE
known and the production gas-oil ratios
have to be available. The volume of gas int McCain, William D.1990. “The Properties
the reservoir and the volume of stock-tank of Petroleum Fluids Second Edition”.
liquid also have to be calculated. PennWell Books. Tusla, Oklahoma.
The volume of gas in the reservoir can be
calculated using the compressibility
equation of state. The volume of stock-
tank liquid which condensed during
production of 1 lb mole of reservoir gas
can be computed with values which result
from the recombination calculation.

Compositions Unknown

Usually, the volume of stock tank gas is

unknown. So, the formation volume factor
of a wet gas can be estimated using
equivalent volume (VEQ) and the primary
separator oil-gas ratio.

volume of reservoir wet gas = R SPI + VEQ

Then we can calculate the formation

volume factor.

Plant Products