VERB

“BAHASA INGGRIS I”

DOSEN MATA KULIAH :

ISKANDAR ZULKARNAIN, SS. M.ud. MA

Disusun oleh :

ALDO BELVA PRATAMA (191010500258)

ETHIKA FIVE TINA (191010500289)

BELA OKTAVIA SAFITRI (191010500320)

AULIYA KHOERUNNISA (191010500309)

RADJA PRATAMA RAMADHAN (191010500227)

ULVAH DWI RAHMAYANTI (191010500254)

Program Studi MANAJEMEN

FAKULTAS EKONOMI
UNIVERSITY OF PAMULANG
Jl. Suryakencana No.1, Pamulang, Kec. Pamulang

Kota Tangerang Selatan, Banten 15417

 FOREWORD

Praise be to God, we pray to Allah SWT, for giving His grace in the form of opportunity and
knowledge so that this paper can be completed in time.

We also thank our friend who have contributed by giving their ideas so that this paper can be
arranged well and nealty.

We hope that this paper can add to the knowledge of readers. But apart from that, we
understand that this paper is far from perfect, so we look forward to constructive criticism
and suggestions for the creation of further papers that are even better.

Tangerang, 30 November 2019

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS

FOREWARD .......................................................................................................................... 2

TABLE OF CONTETS............................................................................................................ 3

CHAPTER I PRELIMINARY ................................................................................................. 4

1.1 BACKGROUND ......................................................................................................... 4

1.2 PROBLEM FORMULATION..................................................................................... 4
1.1 WRITING OBJECTIVER ........................................................................................... 4

CHAPTER II DISCCISION .................................................................................................... 5

2.1 UNDERSTANDING VERB ........................................................................................ 5

2.2 KIND OF VERB .......................................................................................................... 5
2.3 VERB TYPE .............................................................................................................. 11
2.4 USE OF VERB .......................................................................................................... 12

CHAPTER III COVER .......................................................................................................... 15

3.1 CONCLUSION .......................................................................................................... 15

3.2 SUGGESTION .......................................................................................................... 15

REFERENCES ...................................................................................................................... 16

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 CHAPTER I

PRELIMINARY

1.1 BACKGROUND

English is a universal language that is used and studied by all countries in the world.
When someone has just learned English, it might be confused to understand verbs in English.
Verb in English has a verb definition. Just like Indonesian, even in English we know the
name of the verb or verb. Certainly in one sentence it has one verb. Because the conditions of
the sentence or sentence is a minimum consisting of subject and verb. There is a subject
(actor) and there is a verb (verb or activity) carried out by the actor / subject.

Learning about parts of speech is the first step in grammar research as learning letters is the
first step to being able to read and write. From studying part of speech we begin to
understand the use or function of words and how words are joined together to make
meaningful communication. To understand what a part of speech is you must understand the
idea of putting similar things into one group or category.

1.2 PROBLEM FORMULATION

1. What is meant by Verb?
2. What are the types of Verb?
3. What are the types of Verb?
4. What are Verb uses for?

1.3 WRITING OBJECTIVES

The objective to be achieved by completing this paper is that we are able to

understand the meaning of Verb and be able to give positive responses about Verb itself, and
can use the knowledge gained from making this paper to be positive for the reader.

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 CHAPTER II

DISCUSSION

2.1 UNDERSTANDING VERB

Verbs (verbs) are words (words) and are one of the elements of part of speech, which
shows action (bring, kick, read) or event (happen, become) or state (<to> be, exist), and
attitude ( agree, disagree, blame). Verb (verb) is a word that functions to show the action of
the subject, to indicate an event or situation. An English verb is not always a simple form
(one word), but may be a phrase combined with particle into phrasal verb (get in, make up,
read over).

Verb (verb) is used to express the activity of something or a group of nouns. In

sentences, the verb functions as a predicate. Verbs generally require objects (called transitive
verbs), but there are also some verbs that do not need objects (called intransitive verbs).
Verbs are the most important type of words in a sentence. Even in spoken language, only
with a verb can we express an idea that can be understood by others.

2.2 KINDS OF VERB

A. Transitive Verbs (Kata kerja yang membutuhkan objek)

Namely verbs that require an object to perfect the meaning of a sentence or complete
the meaning of a sentence. Transitive verbs include: Drink, watch, read, fill, open, close, etc.

Transitive and Intransitive:

Transitive followed by direct object (example sentence: The boy kicked the ball).

Intransitive no (example sentence: Cheryl often sneezes while cleaning).

Example:

 He watches the film. (This sentence will not be complete, if we remove "the film".
Others will wonder - watch what ?, then watch needs an object so that the meaning of
the sentence can be understood).
 The man cuts the tree.

In other words, this verb cannot stand alone without noun (noun) or pronoun (pronoun) as an
object.

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Example:

 She made a cake

He makes bread

The word made cannot stand alone and has no meaning in the sentence if added to the
word a cake.

 I have bought a book

The word bought will not have meaning if it is not added to the object of a book (a book).

In general, transitive verbs have only one object. The object can be:

1. Noun (Kata benda).

Example: I have bought a car.

Saya telah membeli sebuah mobil.

2. Pronoun (Kata ganti).

Example: I will see it

Saya akan melihatnya.

3. Infinitives (Kata kerja dasar).

Example: I want to swim

Saya ingin berenang.

4. Gerund (Kata kerja yang dibendakan).

Example: He likes climbing.

Dia suka mendaki.

5. Phrases (Frasa).

Example: They don't know how to make it go.

Mereka tidak tahu bagaimana membuatnya berjalan.

6. Clause (Klausa).

Example: I don't know what you want (Saya tidak tahu apa yang kamu inginkan).

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But there are some transitive verbs that have two objects (doble object). One is generally the
name of a particular object, while the other is a certain person or animal. The objects
mentioned are called Direct Objects and the people or animals mentioned are called Indirect
Objects.

Example:

I brought her a book

(Saya membawakan sebuah buku untuknya)

A book = Direct Object

Her = Indirect Object

To note that the Indirect Object is always located before or in front of Direct Object.
If the Direct Object is placed after or behind the Indirect Object, it must use the prepositions
to and for.

Example:

I made a kite for him

(Saya membuat layang-layang untuknya)

a kite = Direct Object

Him = Indirect Object

B. Intransitive Verbs (Kata kerja yang tidak membutuhkan objek)

That is a verb that does not require an object, because it can be understood perfectly
the meaning of the sentence. Verbs that include Intransitive verbs include: Shine, come, sit,
boil, sleep, fall, cry, etc.

Example:

 The baby cries.

 My mother is sleeping.
 The water boils.

Note:

 There are also some verbs that can function as both transitive and intransitive verbs.

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Example:

 He drops his bottles. (transitive)

 The rain drops from the sky. (intransitive)
 The contestants still misunderstood then. (transitive)
 The contestants still misunderstood. (intransitive)
 They grow the rubber trees. (transitive)
 Rice grows in the fertile soil. (intransitive)

There are some intransitive verbs that use Objective Noun which have a unity of meaning
with the verb. The object is called the Cognate Object.

Example:

 He played the fool. (Dia bermain gila-gilaan).

 He laughs a hard laugh. (Dia tertawa lebar).
 He slept a sound sleep. (Dia tidur nyenyak).
 He edited a miserable death. (Dia mati melarat).

There are several transitive and intransitive verbs even though they already have an object but
the meaning is not perfect before adding other words.

These types of verbs include: make, name, call, find, declare, suppose, consider, bring, give,
appoint, seen, hear, etc.

Example:

 I will make you happy.

 I appoint him to be my assistant.

There are also verbs that have the following pattern:

 Verb + Preposition + Object

 Verb + Preposition + Verb-ing

Example:

 We talked about the problem.

 She feels sorry for coming late.

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Verbs for the second pattern include: succeed in, think about / of, dream of, dream about,
approve of, look forward to, insist on, decide against, angry with, sorry for, thanks for, thanks
for, etc.

There are also certain verbs that have the following pattern:

 Verb + Object + Preposition + Verb-ing

Example:

 They accused me of telling lies.

 Do you suspect the man of being a spy?
 I congratulated Bob on passing the exam.
 What prevented him from coming to the party?
 I thanked her for being so helpful.

C. Finite Verb (Kata kerja biasa)

Finite verbs are complete verbs, i.e. verbs that have a clear subject and tense. The
characteristics of this type of verb are as follows:

 When used in question and negative sentences it is necessary to use the assistive verb
do, does or did.
 The shape can be changed by tense.
 Usually has the forms:
 Infinitive
 Present Participle
 Gerund
 Past tense
 Present tense
 Past Participle

Example:

 Ms. Anne reads a novel. (Infinitive)

 Ms. Anne is reading a novel. (Present Participle)
 Does Ms. Anne read a novel?
 Ms. Anne read a novel. (Past tense)

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  Ms. Anne has read a novel. (Past Participle)

D. Auxiliary Verbs (Kata kerja bantu)

Namely verbs that are used together with other verbs to express actions or circumstances, or
function to complete grammatical functions.

The Auxiliary Verbs are:

 Is, am, are

 Was, were
 Do, does, did
 Has, have, had
 Can, could
 May, might
 Will, would
 Shall, should
 Must
 Ought to
 Had better
 Need, Dare (Can also function as Ordinary Verbs)

E. Linking Verbs (Kata kerja penghubung)

Namely verbs that function to connect between subject and its complement. The word
associated with the subject is called subject complement. If we replace the Liaison Verb with
be (am, is, are, was, etc.), then the meaning does not change.

Common Linking Verbs are:

 be (am, is, are, was, etc.)

 look
 stay
 appear
 become
 remain

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  taste
 feel
 seem
 smell
 grow
 sound

Example:

 The actress is beautiful.

 Alex looks serious. (= Alex is serious).
 The cakes smell delicious (= the cakes are delicious).

2.3 VERB TYPE

1. Regular Verb

Regular Verb is a verb that can change according to the tense; and change the form of
the verb regularly. Regular verbs, which in Indonesian are called "Regular Verbs", are verbs
where the form verb1 to verb2 or to verb3 changes by adding an -ed affix, or only by adding
an affix -d only if the verb ends with the letter e .

Examples of changes in verbs of this type are:

 Call - called - called

 Admit - admitted - admitted
 Submit - submitted - submitted
 Invite - invited - invited
 Dare - dared - dared
 Encourage - supported – supported

2. Irregular verb

Irregular Verb is a verb that has the same function as regular verb, but it changes
irregular verbs. irregular verbs are verbs that change from verb1 to verb2 or to verb3 by not
adding –ed, or –d. These verbs change irregularly. Given the large number of verbs and most
of them are regular verbs, what needs to be memorized is irregular verbs. The irregular verbs
are divided into three groups as follows.

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 (1) Verbs whose second and third forms do not change from their first form, for example
the words bet, bid, cut, and hurt, the forms of both and all three are also bet, bid, cut,
and hurt.
(2) The second and third forms of verbs are the same but differ from the first form, for
example the word bleed, the second and third forms are bled, and the second and third
forms of cling are clung.
(3) Verbs with the first, second, and third forms are not the same. For example, take takes
the form of both stores and all three forms are taken, the arising forms both arose and
the third form arisen, and so on.

Examples of changes in verbs of this type are:

 Read - Read - Read

 Come - came - come
 Begin - began - began
 Sleep - slept - slept

In addition, there are also verbs that can be grouped into regular verbs as well as irregular
verbs, for example awake verbs which are second and all three can be Awakened or Awoke,
leap verbs which are second and all three can be leaped or leapt, and so on.

2.4 USE OF VERB

Discussing the use of verbs, of course what is meant is their use in sentences. And English
sentences cannot be separated from ‘tenses’ which is an embodiment of the use of verbs
based on time information. According to its use in sentences, verbs are divided into 3
different groups namely:

1. Infinitive verbs (Kata kerja asal/Kata kerja bentuk I)

This verb both 'regular / irregular' and in the form of 'transitive / intransitive' is used in
the sentence in the form of habit (Simple Present Tense).

Example:

 Linda sleeps soundly. (Irregular / intransitive)

 I play a piano well. (Regular / Transitive)
 Rini gives me much money. (Irregular / transitive)
 I work very hard every day. (Regular / Intransitive)

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Verb 1 is the basic form of verbs in English. This first type of verb is used when writing
sentences in the form of simple present (tenses used to describe current activities). An
example of its use is in the following sentence:

 I usually go to school at 6.30 am.

 He always sleeps late to finish his job.

2. Preterite Verbs (Kata kerja bentuk II)

Both the 'regular / irregular' and the 'transitive / intransitive', these second-form verbs
are specifically used in past tense sentences (Simple Past Tense).

Example:

 My sister went to Jakarta yesterday. (Irregular / intransitive)

 Nia invited me to her party. (Regular / Transitive)
 Rina broke my spectacles. (Irregular / transitive)
 We arrived at school late. (Regular / Intransitive)

The second form of verb is used to describe an event that has occurred in the past. This verb
cannot be used in any other sentence form. So if you are going to write events that happened
in the past, use the 2nd form of the verb. Examples of usage in sentences are:

 They visited art museum yesterday.

 She drank a glass of milk this morning.

3. Past Participle (Kata kerja bentuk III)

This verb has two spheres of use, namely in the sentence form 'already' (Perfect tense)
and also in the passive voice (Passive Voice)

Example:

 He has gone home. (Irregular / intransitive)

 We have completed our assignment. (Regular / Transitive)
 I am invited to come to her party. (Regular / Passive)
 This poem was written by Rendra. (irregular / passive)

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This third form of verb cannot stand alone like the previous two verbs. This verb is used in
perfect tense (tenses used to describe an event that has ended) both present perfect tense and
past perfect tense. Examples of their use in sentences are:

 I have finished my project this afternoon.

 She has cleaned her room.

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 CHAPTER III

COVER

3.1 CONCLUSION

Verb is the word to show action, for example to buy, to write, to read, to run, and etc. And to
show the state of being, for example to be, to have, to become, to seem, and etc. verbs consist
of types, types and usages.

Verbs are the most important type of words in a sentence. Without verbs we cannot
make sentences. Even in spoken language, only with a verb can we express an idea that can
be understood by others.

3.2 SUGGESTIONS

The author realizes that this paper is far from perfect. Therefore, for anyone who reads this
paper, the authors are looking forward to constructive criticism and suggestions for the
perfection of this paper. Hopefully this paper can be useful for us all in the running of all
activities as a student.

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 REFERENCES

http://viallyhardi.wordpress.com/2011/11/15/transitive-verb/

http://catatahasainggris.blogspot.com/2009/04/regular-and-irregular-verbs.html

http://kanjengguru.blog.com/materi-grammar/verb-kata-kerja/

materizzki.blogspot.com/2012/01/use-verbs-as-adjectives.html

http://www.englishclub.com/grammar/verbs.htm

http://www.writingcentre.uottawa.ca/hypergrammar/verbs.html

Comrie, Bernard, Tense, Cambridge Univ. Press, 1985.

http://klikbelajar.com/bebas/ajar-language-inggris-d enroll-irregular-verbs-yang-sing-used/

http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/verb

Ikranegara, yudhistira; Ideal Dictionary of Grammar and Convercation, Page 106.

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