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GUIDELINES
BBA / MBAP
Business Research Project (BRP)
MBAG
Final Research Project (FRP)
MS / PhD Independent
Thesis
Study (IS)
Phase I
Thesis Phase II
Version 3.0
Table of Contents
1. FORMAT OF WRITING ...............................................................................................................................
4
2. SEQUENCE OF CONTENTS .........................................................................................................................
4
2.1 Preface ................................................................................................................................................ 4
2.1.1 Title page...................................................................................................................................... 4
2.1.2 Original Literary Work Declaration Form ..................................................................................... 5
2.1.4 Acknowledgment/Dedication ...................................................................................................... 6
2.1.5 Table of Content .......................................................................................................................... 6
2.1.6 List of Figures ............................................................................................................................... 6
2.1.7 List of Tables ................................................................................................................................ 6
2.1.8 List of Symbols and Abbreviation................................................................................................. 6
2.1.9 List of Appendices ........................................................................................................................ 6
2.2 Main Text ............................................................................................................................................ 7
2.2.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................... 7
2.2.2 Literature Review ......................................................................................................................... 7
2.2.3 Methodology................................................................................................................................ 7
2.2.4 Results .......................................................................................................................................... 8
2.2.5 Discussion & Conclusion .............................................................................................................. 8
2.2.6 References ................................................................................................................................... 8
2.3 Supplementary .................................................................................................................................... 9
2.3.1 List of Publication and Paper presented ...................................................................................... 9
2.3.2 Appendix ...................................................................................................................................... 9
3. FORMAT SPECIFICATIONS .........................................................................................................................
9
3.1 Paper Quality, Printing and Duplicating.............................................................................................. 9
3.1.1 Typing and Printing Quality........................................................................................................ 10
3.1.2 Line Spacing................................................................................................................................ 10
3.1.3 Margins ...................................................................................................................................... 10
3.1.4 Page Numbering......................................................................................................................... 10
3.1.5 Numbering of Chapters and Sub-Chapters ................................................................................ 11
3.1.6 Footnotes ................................................................................................................................... 11
3.1.7 Tables ......................................................................................................................................... 12
3.1.8 Figures ........................................................................................................................................ 12
3.1.9 Binding ....................................................................................................................................... 13
3.1.10 Word Length ............................................................................................................................ 13
4. SUBMISSION............................................................................................................................................ 13
5. PLAGIARISM ............................................................................................................................................ 14
6. OTHER IMPORTANT FORMS AND DOCUMENTS ..................................................................................... 14
Appendix A1: FRONT COVER ....................................................................................................................... 15
APPENDIX A2-SPINE FORMAT ..................................................................................................................... 16
APPENDIX B1: TITLE PAGE (BUSINESS RESEARCH PROJECT BBA / MBAP) .................................................. 17
APPENDIX B3: TITLE PAGE (FINAL RESEARCH PROJECT MBAG) ................................................................. 18
APPENDIX B3: TITLE PAGE (INDPENDENT STUDY MS) ................................................................................ 19
APPENDIX B4: TITLE PAGE (INDPENDENT STUDY PHD) .............................................................................. 20
APPENDIX B5: TITLE PAGE (THESIS MBA).................................................................................................... 21
APPENDIX B6: TITLE PAGE (THESIS MS) ...................................................................................................... 22
APPENDIX B7: TITLE PAGE (THESIS PHD) .................................................................................................... 23
APPENDIX C –ORIGINAL LITERARY WORK DECLARATION FORM ................................................................ 24
Appendix D1: THESIS/IS/FRP/BRP SUBMISSION FORM FOR COLLOQUIUM ................................................ 25
Appendix D1: FINAL SUBMISSION OF THESIS/IS/FRP/BRP ......................................................................... 27
Appendix E – SUPERVISOR-STUDENT MEETING RECORD FORM ................................................................ 30
Appendix F1- THESIS PHASE I COMMENCEMENT FORM ........................................................................... 33
Appendix F2- THESIS PHASE II COMMENCEMENT FORM ........................................................................... 34
Appendix F3- IS COMMENCEMENT FORM.................................................................................................. 35
Appendix G1- PLAGIARISM VERIFICATION (FOR COLLOQUIUM) ................................................................ 36
Appendix G1- PLAGIARISM VERIFICATION (FOR FINAL SUBMISSION)........................................................ 37
1. FORMAT OF WRITING
A Thesis/Independent Study/Final Research Project & BRP will be written in the following format:
Note: This format serves as a generic guideline for the students in writing a research report/thesis. Minor
variation of the format as recommended by the supervisors is allowed.
Preface
Title Page
Original Literary Work Declaration Form
Abstract
Acknowledgements / Dedication
Table of Contents
List of Figures*
List of Tables *
List of Symbols and Abbreviations*
List of Appendices*
Main Body
Chapter 1: Introduction
Chapter 2: Literature Review
Chapter 3: Methodology
Chapter 4: Results
Chapter 5: Discussion and Conclusion
References (A consolidated list of references for all chapters)
Supplementary
List of Publications and Papers Presented*
Appendix*
* add them in your report/thesis if you have used them
2. SEQUENCE OF CONTENTS
The structure of the research report or thesis is based on a standard format which contains the three main
sections; PREFACE, MAIN TEXT and SUPPLEMENTARY.
2.1 Preface
This section consists in order of the following:
1. Title Page
2. Original Literary Work Declaration Form
3. Abstract
4. Acknowledgements / Dedication
5. Table of Contents
6. List of Figures
7. List of Tables
8. List of Symbols and Abbreviations
9. List of Appendices
2.1.3 Abstract
An abstract is a short summary of the research project/independent study/thesis. An abstract should
briefly describe the objectives (problem statement), the significance of research, research methodology, as
well as the findings and conclusion of the research.
An abstract must not exceed 500 words (for thesis) 300 words (for FRP/IS), double-spaced, and written in
English language.
The Abstract page is assigned Roman numeral "iii" and the following pages should be numbered
consecutively.
2.1.4 Acknowledgment/Dedication
Generally, research report/thesis includes a message to convey appreciation to those who have been
involved and provided their assistance directly or indirectly in the preparation of the study.
This is optional and should not exceed a single page, which is numbered in Roman numeral accordingly.
For example, figures in Chapter 1 are numbered sequentially: Figure 1.1, Figure 1.2 and so on.
For further information on spelling and abbreviations, candidates are advised to refer to the latest edition
of the Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary published by Oxford University Press.
2.2.1 Introduction
This chapter contains the introduction to the issues in which the research is concerned with, the aims
and objectives of the study, and the scope or outline of the research approach as well as the structure
of the research report/thesis.
2.2.3 Methodology
This chapter describes and explains the materials as well as the research methodology used in the
study. The sub-topics for this chapter include the key research questions, the research design, and the
research procedures adopted. It may also, where appropriate, indicate sampling methods, research
instruments and statistical methods employed. The purpose of this is to inform the reader on the
methods used to collect the data and generate the findings reported.
2.2.4 Results
This chapter explains the results which are commonly presented in the form of text, figures and
tables, complete with data analysis.
2.2.6 References
All works or studies referred to in the research report/thesis in the form of quotations or citations
must be included in the references.
The references should be written consistently in the American Psychological Association (APA)
format. Each reference should be written in single spacing format and a double space should be left
between references. The list of references must be arranged in alphabetical order and the entries
should not be numbered. The list must also have a hanging indentation of 0.5 inch. For example:
Buchwalow, I. B., & Böcker, W. (2010). Immunohistochemistry: basics and methods. Berlin:
Springer Verlag.
Chadwick, C., Super, J. F., & Kwon, K. (2015). Resource orchestration in practice: CEO
emphasis
on SHRM, commitment‐based HR systems, and firm performance. Strategic Management
Journal, 36(3), 360-376.
data before making a deduction, lest they jump to an erroneous conclusion on the basis of
before making a deduction, just as Sherlock Holmes investigates a case, lest they jump to an
2.3 Supplementary
Specific items which were not included in the main body of the text, should be put in this
Supplementary Section. Typically, this section includes the following:
2.3.2 Appendix
Appendices consist of research instruments, additional illustration of data sources, raw data and
quoted citations which are too long to be placed in the text. The appendix section supports the
written text of the research report/thesis by including materials that can provide additional
information. These materials include tables, charts, computer programs and questionnaires, for
example:
Research data, tables, examples of questionnaires, maps, photos and other materials that
are too long to be included in the text or are not directly required to comprehend the text
can be included as appendices. Tables and graphics that are more than two pages long
can be put in the Appendix section.
Appendices are labelled as APPENDIX A, APPENDIX B, etc.
3. FORMAT SPECIFICATIONS
3.1 Paper Quality, Printing and Duplicating
The research report/thesis should be printed, single-sided, on high quality white A4 paper (201 × 297
mm; 80 grams). Computer pin-feed printout paper is not permitted.
The research report/thesis, in softcover or hardbound copies, must be typed and duplicated by offset
printing or good quality photocopying. All copies must be clean and neat in order to ensure easy
reading.
3.1.1 Typing and Printing Quality
The research report/thesis must be typed using font type Times New Roman, font size 12 (except for
tables and figures) and justified, using Microsoft Word.
Chapter titles should be typed with capital letters and centered between the left and right margins.
Each chapter must begin on a new page. Chapters and subchapters should be titled. Titles should be
typed in bold without underline. For mathematical texts, the use of Equation Editor. Script fonts are
not permitted.
A high quality laser or ink-jet printer should be used for the printing.
The first sentence of a new paragraph should not start at the bottom of a page if the space available
can only fit one line.
3.1.3 Margins
The text should have the following margins:
Do not type more than one sentence after the bottom margin. If it is necessary to do so, it
should only be for a footnote or the completion of the last sentence of the chapter, topic or
sub-topic or information in a figure.
All tables and figures must be placed within the specified margins.
The last paragraph of the page should contain at least two sentences. If it does not, the
paragraph should begin on the next page.
All page numbers should be printed 1.0 cm from the bottom edge of the page and placed at
the right-hand side without any punctuation. The page numbering system must conform to
the following rules:
The page numbers should be placed at the right hand side without any punctuation.
Font type Times New Roman and font size 10 recommended for numbers.
Roman numerals (i, ii, iii etc) should be used in the Preface section. The first page of the
thesis,
the title page, is an unnumbered page ‘i’. Numbering begins on the second page with ‘ii’.
The use of letters in parenthesis in the main body for e.g., (a), (b), (c) is appropriate as a means of
differentiating sub-topics of the same topic. However, it is not required to be listed in the Table of
Content.
If a chapter title or chapter sub-title at any level exceeds a single line, the spacing between the lines
must be the same as that of the text (double-spacing). Subsequent sub-chapters beyond the fourth
nesting level must be numbered using alphabets; (a), (b), (c), etc
3.1.6 Footnotes
Candidates are advised to limit the use of footnotes unless they are proved necessary to the
document. Footnotes are used to elaborate or provide additional information regarding matters
discussed in that page.
Footnotes are recorded using Arabic numeric and numbered consecutively. Raised superscript
numerals in the text refer to explanatory notes and documented sources appearing either at the bottom
of the page as footnotes or at the end of the thesis as endnotes in a notes section. The advantage of
using notes is that explanatory type of information can be presented along with source citations on
the same page or place.
Footnotes should use a smaller font than the text (font size 8).
When using footnote, a number formatted in superscript is inserted following the punctuation mark in
the text. Footnotes should be placed at the bottom of the page on which they appear. For example,
Scientists examined, over several years, the fossilized remains of the wooly-wooly yak.1
1
While the method of examination for the wooly-wooly yak provides important insights to this research, this document does not focus
on this particular species.
3.1.7 Tables
Tables are printed within the body of the text at the center of the frame and labelled according to the
chapter in which they appear. Thus, for example, tables in Chapter 3 are numbered sequentially:
Table
3.1, Table 3.2 and so on.
The caption should be placed above the table itself. If the table contains a citation, the source of the
reference should be included in the table caption.
Heading Heading
Text Text
If the table occupies more than one page, the continued table on the following page should indicate
that it is a continuation, for example: ‘Table 3.7, continued’. The header row should also be repeated.
3.1.8 Figures
Figures, like tables are printed within the body of the text at the center of the frame and labelled
according to the chapter in which they appear. Thus, for example, figures in Chapter 3 are numbered
sequentially: Figure 3.1, Figure 3.2.
Figures, unlike text or tables, contain graphs, illustrations or photographs and their labels are placed
at the bottom of the figure rather than at the top (using the same format used for tables).
3.1.9 Binding
3.1.9.1 Submission for Colloquium
Program Color
BBA Black
MBA (P) Green
MBA (G) / MS Blue
PhD Maroon
The title of research report/thesis, name of author, name of the university and year of submission
must be printed on the front cover. The letters for the Front Cover should be printed in gold of font
size 16, font type Arial Narrow, bold and in uppercase letters
The spine of the manuscripts should show the title of research report/thesis, name of author, year of
submission and name of degree. The year of submission must be in accordance to the year when the
research report/thesis is submitted
The maximum length of words excludes footnotes, references, appendices, tables, figures and
prefaces.
4. SUBMISSION
5. PLAGIARISM
Students of Mohammad Ali Jinnah University are expected to produce original academic work.
Plagiarism is defined as the use of original work, ideas or actual texts created by others, without
acknowledging the original source. Hence, failure to acknowledge the work of others in their work
means the candidate is guilty of plagiarism and may be subjected to disciplinary action.
Candidate of Mohammad Ali Jinnah University are expected to produce original academic work. The
University also highly recommends the usage of turnitin, An online web-based plagiarism
detection application to avoid plagiarism and ensure academic integrity. According to the HEC policy
the similarity index percentage should not be more than 20%.
This form is required to be submitted when the student submits his/her thesis/IS/FRP for colloquium.
The form must be stamped by Library head.
Appendix A1: FRONT COVER
5cm
TITLE OF THESIS
4cm 4cm
NAME OF CANDIDATE
201x
5cm
APPENDIX A2-SPINE FORMAT
Approximately
2cm
NAM
E OF
CAND
IDAT
E
TI
TL
E
OF
RE
SE
AR
CH
RE
PO
RT
/T
HE
SI
S
MBA/
BBA
2
0
APPENDIX B1: TITLE PAGE (BUSINESS RESEARCH REPORT BBA/MBAP)
Example of Title Page for BBA/MBAP BRP
TITLE OF REPORT
NAME OF CANDIDATES
201X
APPENDIX B3: TITLE PAGE (FINAL RESEARCH REPORT MBAG)
Example of Title Page for MBAG FRP
TITLE OF REPORT
NAME OF CANDIDATE
201X
APPENDIX B3: TITLE PAGE (INDEPENDENT STUDY MS )
Example of Title Page for IS
TITLE OF REPORT
NAME OF CANDIDATE
201X
APPENDIX B4: TITLE PAGE (INDEPENDENT STUDY PHD)
Example of Title Page for IS
TITLE OF REPORT
NAME OF CANDIDATE
201X
APPENDIX B5: TITLE PAGE (THESIS MBA)
Example of Title Page of a Thesis (Master of Business Administration)
TITLE OF THESIS
NAME OF CANDIDATE
201X
APPENDIX B6: TITLE PAGE (THESIS MS)
Example of Title Page of a Thesis (Master of Science)
TITLE OF THESIS
NAME OF CANDIDATE
201X
APPENDIX B7: TITLE PAGE (THESIS PHD)
Example of Title Page of a Thesis (Doctor of Philosophy)
TITLE OF THESIS
NAME OF CANDIDATE
201X
APPENDIX C – ORIGINAL LITERARY WORK DECLARATION FORM
STUDENT NAME
REGISTRATION
NAME OF DEGREE
Program ∆BBA ∆MBA ∆MS (MGT SC) ∆MS (ECO & FIN) ∆PHD (MGT SC)
Phone No email
Program ∆BBA ∆MBA ∆MS (MGT SC) ∆MS (ECO & FIN) ∆PHD (MGT SC)
Phone No email
I have also followed the format of thesis/IS/FRP/BRP set by the University and have completed the
checklist (Section C) and verified by my supervisor(s) prior to the final submission for
graduation
I hereby agree if this form and the checklist are incomplete, and information given is not
accurate, University has the right not to accept my thesis/IS/FRP/BRP
Thank you
SECTION C – CHECKLIST FOR FORMAT OF THESIS/IS/FRP/BRP
Please refer to Guidelines for the Preparation of Research Reports and Thesis for
further details
CHECKLIST Verified Verified
by the by the
Candidate Supervisor
1.TITLE
Front cover and title page of the research is according to guidelines
given in the book
2. ABSTRACT
For thesis: not more than 500 words
For BRP/FRP/IS not more than 300 words
3. BINDING
a) Five (5) printed hard cover copies in rexine with the following
color:
Program Color
BBA Black
MBA Green
MS Blue
PhD Maroon
4. FORMAT
(a) Double-spacing for all sections. Single-spacing can be used for
footnote, appendices, tables and diagrams.
(b) Font type: Times New
(c) Font size 12 for all text and font size 8 for footnotes.
(d) Must use high quality A4 paper 80 gm
5.WORD LIMIT
BBA Group/Individual 8000-10000 words;
MBA Group/Individual 8000-10000 words;
MS/PHD Independent Study 8000-10000 words;
MS Thesis 15000-18000 words;
6. ORIGINAL LITERARY WORK DECLARATION
The form should be placed in the thesis/IS/FRP immediately BEFORE the
abstract.
7. INDENT
The indents of pages are as follows:
Top : 2.0 cm
Right : 2.0 cm
Bottom : 2.0 cm
Left : 4.0 c
8. PAGE NUMBERING
(a) Font size 10;
(b) All page numbers should be printed 1.0 cm from the bottom margin
and
placed on the right-hand side;
(c) Roman numerals (i, ii, iii etc) should be used in the Preface section;
(d) The Title Page and the first page of the Preface should not be
numbered.
9. turnitinNumbering begins on the second page with ‘ii’.
Must be less than 20% and report is submitted in repository in
turnitn
by University Library and stamped by Library Head.
I have checked the candidate’s thesis/dissertation and hereby confirm that the candidate has
done all corrections recommended by the Committee of Examiners.
Name of Supervisor:
Signature
Date
Appendix E – SUPERVISOR-STUDENT MEETING RECORD FORM
Thesis Title
Supervisor Name
Thesis Phase 1
Meeting 1
Date and time * Medium of Communication
Summary of Discussion
Summary of Discussion
Meeting 5
Date and time * Medium of Communication
Summary of Discussion
Email Mobile No
Student Signature
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Approved Title
Supervisor
Email Mobile No
Supervisor Name:
Note:
Please attach (i) Approved Proposal signed by Supervisor (ii) Supervisor-Student Meetings Record Form
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
For Office Use
Approved Title
Supervisor
Email Mobile No
Student Signature
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Approved Title
Supervisor
Total Page
Supervisor
This is to report that the above thesis was scanned for similarity detection. Process and outcome is
given below:
*Please attach report mentioning similarity index duly signed and stamped by library
Appendix G2- PLAGIARISM VERIFICATION (FOR FINAL SUBMISSION)
Total Page
Supervisor
This is to report that the above thesis was scanned for similarity detection and has been submitted in
turnitin repository. Process and outcome is given below:
*Please attach report mentioning similarity index duly signed and stamped by library