[Downloaded free from http://www.phcog.com on Thursday, April 9, 2020, IP: 114.122.205.

188]

PHCOG MAG. ORIGINAL ARTICLE

Total polyphenolic (flavonoids) content and antioxidant

capacity of different Ziziphora clinopodioides Lam.
extracts
Shuge Tian1,2, Yang Shi1,2, Xiaoying Zhou3, Liang Ge1,2, Halmuart Upur1,2
Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Famous Prescription and Science of Formulas, 2College of TCM, Xinjiang Medical University, 3College of Pharmacy,
1

Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830011, Xinjiang, People’s Republic of China

Submitted: 12-07-2010 Revised: 18-09-2010 Published: 20-01-2011

ABSTRACT Access this article online

Website:
Objective: This paper investigates the total polyphenolic and flavonoid content as well www.phcog.com
as the antioxidant activity of Ziziphora clinopodioides Lam. extracts of different polarity. DOI:
Materials and Methods: The total polyphenolic content was analysed using the Folin– 10.4103/0973-1296.75904
Ciocalteu method. Total flavonoid content analysis was performed using the colorimetric Quick Response Code:
method. Results: The total polyphenolic content of Z. clinopodioides is concentrated in parts
of ethyl acetate (19.27%), chloroform (4.99%) and n-butanol extracts (3.94%) containing
a small amount of the total polyphenolic content. The petroleum ether (0.23%) and ethanol
extracts (1.64%) contain almost no polyphenolic content. The total flavonoid content of
Z. clinopodioides is concentrated in parts of ethyl acetate (65.61%), chloroform (14.36%)
and n-butanol extracts (10.76%) containing a small amount of the total polyphenolic
content. The Z. clinopodioides Lam. ethyl acetate extract exhibits a good antioxidant activity.
Conclusion: Ethyl acetate extracts contain a large number of polyphenolic compounds (19.27%)
and flavonoids (65.61%) owing to good antioxidant capacity.
Key words: Antioxidant capacity, total flavonoids, total polyphenolic, Ziziphora clinopodioides
Lam

INTRODUCTION as human ageing and the root cause of illnesses. Therefore,

Free radicals produced by radiation, chemical reactions,
and several redox reactions of various compounds may
contribute to protein oxidation, DNA damage and
lipid peroxidation in living tissues and cells.[1] Oxidative
stress may be related to many disorders such as cancer,
atherosclerosis, diabetes and liver cirrhosis.[2-4] Recent
epidemiological studies have suggested that the increased
consumption of whole grains, fruits and vegetables is
associated with reduced risks of chronic diseases.[5] This
association is attributed to the natural antioxidants such
as vitamin C, tocopherol, carotenoids, polyphenolics and
flavonoids which prevent free radical damage.[6] Free
radical-induced oxidation of the human body is regarded
investigating the herbal anti-oxidation of the active
ingredient has become a worldwide trend in botanical
research.
Ziziphora clinopodioides is a traditional Uighur medicinal
plant. This semi-perennial shrub-like herb grows in low
hills, grassland, and arid slopes and is widely distributed
in China, Mongolia, Turkey, Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan.[7]
This plant is used mainly for the treatment of heart disease,
high blood pressure, asthma hyperhidrosis, palpitation
insomnia, oedema, cough, bronchitis, lung abscess and
other diseases. Results of animal experiments show that
Z. clinopodioides can significantly prolong the survival of
the hypoxic mouse model and positively affect myocardial
ischaemia and hypoxia.

Research on Z. clinopodioides focuses on the chemical

Address for correspondence: constituents of volatile oil and antibacterial activity.
Dr. Halmuart Upur, College of TCM, Xinjiang Medical University, Stability of the volatile oil has been studied in preliminary
Urumqi-830011, Xinjiang, China. E-mail: Halmurat@263.net
works but a survey of the different parts of polar solvent

Pharmacognosy Magazine | Jan-Mar 2011 | Vol 7 | Issue 25 65

[Downloaded free from http://www.phcog.com on Thursday, April 9, 2020, IP: 114.122.205.188]

Tian, et al.: Total polyphenolic (flavonoids) and antioxidant of Z. clinopodioides Lam.

extraction of the total flavonoid and polyphenolic content Determination of the total polyphenolic content
and antioxidant activity is yet to be reported. Total polyphenolic content (TPC) values from Z.
clinopodioides petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate,
n-butanol and ethanol extracts were determined according
MATERIALS AND METHODS to the literature.[8] The various extracts were prepared
Plant material
as a 0.3 mg/ml aqueous solution. Each extract (0.5 ml)
The plant (whole plant) used for the present study was was mixed with 1 ml of Folin–Ciocalteu reagent (2 N)
collected from the Nan Mountains of China. Plant and was left to stand at room temperature for 1 min. The
materials were further identified by Yonghe Li, a pharmacist sodium carbonate (20% Na2CO3) solution (2 ml) was
from a Chinese medicine hospital of Xinjiang. added subsequently. Distilled water volume was increased
to to 10 ml and the solution was allowed to stand at
Rutin was obtained from National Institute for the Control room temperature for 10 min. Supernatant absorbance
of Pharmaceutical and Biological Products 100080 was measured at 760 nm using a spectrophotometer (UV
-200707; gallic acid monohydrate, ethanol, chloroform, Cintra-40, GBC, Australia). The results were in contrast
n-butanol, ethyl acetate and petroleum ether were obtained with the standards prepared similarly (with known gallic
from the Tianjin Reagent Co. (Tianjin, People’s Republic acid concentrations). All samples were analysed three times.
of China). All other solvents and chemicals were analytical
grade and purchased from Tianjing Guangfu Chemical Determination of the total flavonoid content
Ltd., Co, (Tianjin). The total flavonoid content (TFC) was determined using
a colorimetric method.[9] TPC values from Z. clinopodioides
Extraction process petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, n-butanol
The extract of dried and powdered plant (5 kg) was and ethanol extracts were analysed using a colorimetric
concentrated under decompression after impregnating method. The various extracts were prepared as a 1 mg/
with 90% ethanol extraction. Then using petroleum ether, ml 60% ethanol solution. Each extract (1 ml) was mixed
chloroform, ethyl acetate, n-butanol and ethanol gradient with 0.4 ml of a 5% NaNO2 solution. The mixture was
to extract, concentrate the extracts, freeze-dried it into allowed to stay at room temperature for 6 min; 0.4 ml
powder, spare. of a 10% AlCl3 × 9H2O solution was added for 6 min
followed by the addition of a 4 ml 4% NaOH solution.
Polarity gradient extraction flowchart [Figure 1] The ethanol solution (60%) was added to reach a final
volume of 10 ml. The solution was mixed and kept at
Ziziphora clinopodioides room temperature for 15 min. Absorbance was measured
Lam. immediately against the prepared blank at 510 nm using a
spectrophotometer (UV Cintra-40, GBC). Comparisons
The dried and powdered plant were made against standards prepared similarly (with
materials (5 kg)
known rutin concentrations). All samples were analysed
three times.
90% of the ethanol
extract
DPPH radical-scavenging capacity
Polarity gradient
The DPPH radical-scavenging (DPHH-RSC) activity of
extraction grains was estimated according to the method explained
by Cheung, Cheung and Ooi[10] with some modifications.
In this assay, antioxidants present in the sample reduced
Petroleum Chloroform Ethyl acetate n-Butanol Ethanol the DPPH radicals which have an absorption maximum
ether extract extract extract extract extract
at 517 nm. The DPPH radical solution was prepared by
dissolving 12.4 mg DPPH in 1000 ml of ethanol (2 × 10−5
Freeze drying and mol/l). First to occur is the extinction of the disposable
weighing cuvette with 1 ml of the ethanol DPPH solution. Ethanol
(1.5 ml) was measured as blank. Then, Z. clinopodioides and
the ethanol extract solutions were prepared at 1 mg/ml
Petroleum Chloroform Ethyl n-Butanol Ethanol concentrations. Subsequently, add 1 mg/ml of extracts of
ether extract acetate extract extract different polarities (1 ml) along with 0.5 ml of anhydrous
extract 70.55 g extract 235.01 g 80.91 g
82.81 g 17.70 g ethanol. The mixture was shaken vigorously and allowed
to stand at room temperature in the dark for 30 min. The
Figure 1: Polarity gradient extraction decrease in the absorbance of the resulting solution was

66 Pharmacognosy Magazine | Jan-Mar 2011 | Vol 7 | Issue 25

[Downloaded free from http://www.phcog.com on Thursday, April 9, 2020, IP: 114.122.205.188]

Tian, et al.: Total polyphenolic (flavonoids) and antioxidant of Z. clinopodioides Lam.

monitored at 517 nm using a spectrophotometer (UV
Cintra-40, GBC). The vitamin C standard solution (1 mg/
ml) in ethanol was prepared under the same conditions.
Superoxide anion-scavenging capacity
Superoxide anion production was measured by observing
the autoxidation of epinephrine in terms of the rate of
adrenochrome accumulation.[11] In this assay, 1 ml of the
hydrochloric acid Tris-buffer solution (pH = 8.21, 0.05
mol/l) was held in a heating water bath at 25°C for 20
min. One millilitre (1 mg/ml) of the extracts of different
polarities followed by 0.4 ml of pro-phloroglucinol (25
mmol/l) was added to the solution while holding in a
heating water bath at 25°C for 5 min. Finally, 1 ml of
the hydrochloric acid solution (8 mmol/l) was added and
diluted 10 times as the sample. Absorbance at 320 nm was
determined using a spectrophotometer (UV Cintra-40,
GBC) using distilled water as the blank. A vitamin C
standard solution (1 mg/ml) in distilled water was prepared
under the same conditions.
Hydroxyl radical-scavenging capacity
The assay was based on the benzoic acid hydroxylation
method.[12] Hydroxyl radicals were generated by direct
addition of iron (II) salts to a reaction mixture containing
the phosphate buffer. In this assay sample, 0.2 ml of the
pro-phenanthroline solution (7.5 mmol/l) was added to 2
ml of the phosphate buffer solution; 1 ml (1 mg/ml) of
the extracts of different polarities, 1.4 ml of the hydrogen
peroxide solution (1%) and 2.8 ml of distilled water were
Table 1: Total polyphenolic content and total
flavonoid content
Different TPC
extraction layers (%, X ± S, n = 3)
Petroleum ether 0.230 ± 0.003
Chloroform 4.990 ± 0.062
Ethyl acetate 19.270 ± 0.266
n-Butanol 3.940 ± 0.068
Ethanol 1.640 ± 0.031
added to 0.2 ml of the ferrous sulphate solution and held
in a heating water bath at 37°C for 1 h. Distilled water
measured at 0.4 ml was also used as the damage liquid
instead of the extracts of different polarities. Distilled
water (0.8 ml) was used to serve as a blank. Absorbance at
510 nm was determined using a spectrophotometer (UV
Cintra-40, GBC). A vitamin C standard solution (1 mg/ml)
in distilled water was prepared under the same conditions.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Table 1 shows that the total polyphenolic content of
Z. clinopodioides is concentrated in parts of ethyl acetate
(19.27%), chloroform (4.99%) and n-butanol extracts
(3.94%) containing a small amount of the total polyphenolic
content. The petroleum ether (0.23%) and ethanol extracts
(1.64%) contain almost no polyphenolic content. This
is due to the total polyphenolic compounds resulting
from polarity, low polarity of the total polyphenolic
concentration in chloroform extracts and high polarity
of the total polyphenolic concentration in n-butanol
extracts. The total flavonoid content of Z. clinopodioides is
concentrated in parts of ethyl acetate (65.61%), chloroform
(14.36%) and n-butanol extracts (10.76%) containing a
small amount of the total polyphenolic content. Large
absorbance is due to the petroleum ether extract-containing
pigment making the solution turbid.
Table 2 shows the clear difference in antioxidant activities.
The ethyl acetate extract contains a large number of
polyphenolic compounds and flavonoids mainly due to
the polarity of polyphenols determined. Polyphenolic
compounds are one of the most effective antioxidative
constituents in fruits, vegetables and grains.[13] Hence, it is
TFC important to quantify polyphenolic contents and to assess
(%, X ± S, n = 3) the contribution to the antioxidant activity.
11.750 ± 0.155
14.360 ± 0.178 No literature has been found regarding the total
65.610 ± 0.826 polyphenolic content and antioxidant capacity of different
10.760 ± 0.132 Z. clinopodioides Lam. extracts. The results obtained herein
3.770 ± 0.058 are in agreement to a certain degree with the traditional

Table 2: DPPH radical-scavenging capacity (DPPH-RSC), superoxide anion-scavenging capacity

(superoxide-ASC) and hydroxyl radical-scavenging capacity (hydroxyl -RSC) in different polar solvents
Different extraction layer DPPH-RSC Superoxide-ASC Hydroxyl-RSC
(%, X ± S, n = 3) (%, X ± S, n = 3) (%, X ± S, n = 3)
Petroleum ether 6.97 ± 0.09 4.75 ± 0.07 7.40 0.14
Chloroform 25.69 ± 0.35 20.16 ± 0.32 14.33 ± 0.36
Ethyl acetate 34.11 ± 0.54 40.12 ± 0.71 98.27 1.43
n-Butanol 28.27 ± 0.41 35.82 0.53 26.14 ± 0.42
Ethanol 21.48 ± 0.31 29.94 ± 0.49 15.91 0.24
Vitamin C 32.53 ± 0.42 33.54 ± 0.54 50.01 ± 0.79
DPPH-RAS (%) = (Ablank − Asample)/Ablank×100%, Superoxide-RAS (%) = (Ablank − Asample)/Ablank×100%, Hydroxyl-RAS (%) = (Asample − Adamage)/(Ablank − Adamage)×100%

Pharmacognosy Magazine | Jan-Mar 2011 | Vol 7 | Issue 25 67

[Downloaded free from http://www.phcog.com on Thursday, April 9, 2020, IP: 114.122.205.188]
Tian, et al.: Total polyphenolic (flavonoids) and antioxidant of Z. clinopodioides Lam.
uses of Z. clinopodioides Lam. as a valuable source for
antioxidant drugs.
The Z. clinopodioides Lam. ethyl acetate extract exhibits a
good antioxidant activity. This also proves that polyphenolic
compounds and antioxidant activities are closely linked.
This is the first study to provide determination data on
different polarity extracts of Z. clinopodioides Lam.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
This work was supported by Xinjiang Science and Technology
Funding (no. 200821130), People’s Republic of China.
REFERENCES
1. Halliwell B. Antioxidants in human health and disease. Annu Rev
Nutr 1996;16:33-49.
2. Halliwell B, Gutteridge JM. Oxygen toxicity, oxygen radicals,
transition metals and disease. Biochem J 1984;219:1-4.
3. Muramatsu H, Kogawa K, Tanaka M, Okumura K, Koike K, Kuga
T, et al. Superoxide dismutase in SAS human tongue carcinoma
cell line is a factor defining invasiveness and cell motility. Cancer
Res 1995;55:6210-4.
4. Steinberg D, Parthasarathy S, Carew TE, Khoo JC, Witztum JL.
Beyond cholesterol. Modification of low density lipoprotein that
increase its artherogenicity. N Engl J Med 1989;320:915-4.
68 Pharmacognosy Magazine | Jan-Mar 2011 | Vol 7 | Issue 25
5. Hu FB. Dietary pattern analysis: a new direction in nutritional
epidemiology. Curr Opin Lipidol 2002;13:3-9.
6. Diplock AT, Charleux JL, Crozier WG, Kok FJ, Rice EC,
Roberfroid M, et al. Functional food science and defense against
reactive oxidative species. Br J Nutr 1998;80:77-112.
7. Baytop T. Turkiyede B, Tedavi IU. Yayinlari. Eczacilik Fak
1996;40:444.
8. Singleton VL, Rossi JA. Colorimetry of total phenolics with
hosphomolybdic-phosphotungstic acid reagents. Am J Enology
Viticulture 1965;16:144-58.
9. Kahkonen MP, Hopia AI, Vuorela HJ, Rauha JP, Pihlaja K, Kujala
TS, et al. Antioxidant activity of plant extract containing phenolic
compounds. J Agric Food Chem 1999;47:3954-62.
10. Cheung LM, Cheung PC, Ooi VE. Antioxidant activity and
total polyphenolics of edible mushroom extracts. Food Chem
2003;81:249-55.
11. Misra HP, Fridovich I. The generation of superoxide
radicals during the autoxidation of ferredoxins. J Biol Chem
1971;246:6886-90.
12. Chung SK, Osawa T, Kawakishi S. Hydroxyl radical scavenging
effects of spices and scavengers from brown mustard (Brassica
nigra). Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 1997;43:118-23.
13. Velioglu YS, Mazza G, Gao L, Oomah BP. Antioxidant activity
and total polyphenolics in selected fruits, vegetables, and grain
products. J Agric Food Chem 1998;46:4113-7.
Source of Support: Xinjiang Science and Technology Funding
(no. 200821130), People’s Republic of China, Conflict of
Interest: None declared
 TELAAH JURNAL
Total polyphenolic (flavonoids) content and antioxidant capacity of different Ziziphora
clinopodioides Lam. extracts
Nama : Syafira Nabillah
NIM : 11194761920276

1. Metode Penelitian
a. Eksraksi metode maserasi
Maserasi merupakan proses ekstraksi dengan cara perendaman sampel
menggunakan pelarut organik pada temperatur ruang. Setelah ekstrak kering dan
jadi bubuk tanaman Clinopodioides Ziziphora Lam sebanyak 5 kg terkonsentrasi di
bawah dekompresi setelah meresapi dengan menggunakan ekstraksi etanol 90%.
Kemudian menggunakan petroleum eter, kloroform, etil asetat, n butanol dan etanol
gradien untuk ekstrak. Kemudian pengeringan beku dan berat itu menjadi bubuk,
dimana ekstrak eter 82,81 g, ekstrak kloroform 70,55 g, ekstrak etil asetat 17,70 g,
n ekstrak butanol 235, 01 g, dan ekstrak etanol 80,91 g.
b. Penentuan total kandungan flavonoid dengan metode kolorimetri
Kolorimetri merupakan suatu metode analisis kimia yang didasarkan pada
tercapainnya kesamaan warna antara larutan sampel dan larutan standar, dengan
menggunakan sumber cahaya polikromatis dengan detektor mata. Hasil ekstrasi tadi
masing-masing diambil 1 ml kemudian dicampurkan dengan larutan NaNO 5%
sebanyak 0,4 ml. Tambahkan campuran AlCl3 10% dengan 9H2O sebanyak 0,4 ml
diamkan selama 6 menit pada suhu ruang kemudian tambahkan NaOH 4% sebanyak
4 ml. Tambahkan etanol 60% untuh mencapai volume akhir 10 ml. kemudian
campuran tadi disimpan selama 15 menit dengan suhu kamar. Absorbansi diukur
segera terhadap kosong siap di 510 nm menggunakan spektrofotometer (UV Cintra-
40, GBC). Perbandingan dilakukan terhadap standar disiapkan sama (dengan
konsentrasi rutin diketahui). Semua sampel dianalisis tiga kali.
c. DPPH kapasitas radikal-pemulungan The DPPH radikal-scavenging (DPHH-RSC)
DPPH metode ini adalah mengetahui parameter konsentrasi yang ekuivalen
memberikan 50% efek aktivitas antioksidan. Aktivitas biji-bijian diperkirakan
sesuai dengan metode yang dijelaskan oleh Cheung dan Ooi dengan beberapa
modifikasi dalam pengujian ini, antioksidan yang ada dalam sampel mengurangi
radikal DPPH yang memiliki maksimum serapan pada 517 nm. DPPH solusi radikal
 dibuat dengan melarutkan 12,4 mg DPPH di 1000 ml etanol (2 × 10 -5 mol/liter)
setelah penambahan tersebut pertama yang terjadi adalah kepunahan kuvet pakai
dengan 1 ml larutan etanol DPPH. Etanol (1,5 ml) diukur sebagai kosong.
Kemudian, clinopodioides Z. dan ekstrak etanol kosong. Kemudian,siapkan
clinopodioides Z. dan ekstrak etanol pada 1 mg/ml konsentrasi. Selanjutnya,
tambahkan 1 mg/ml ekstrak polaritas dan tambahkan dengan 0,5 ml etanol anhidrat.
campuran dikocok dengan kuat dan didiamkan pada suhu kamar dalam gelap
selama 30 menit. Penurunan absorbansi larutan yang dihasilkan dipantau di 517 nm
menggunakan spektrofotometer (UV Cintra-40, GBC). Vitamin C larutan standar
(1 mg/GBC). Vitamin C larutan standar (1 mg / ml) dalam etanol disusun di bawah
kondisi yang sama.
d. Superoksida kapasitas anion-pemulungan
Superoksida adalah suatu radikal bebas yakni molekul yang memiliki electron yang
berpasangan. Produksi superoksida diukur dengan mengamati autoksidasi epinefrin
dalam tingkat akumulasi adrenochrome. Dalam pengujian ini, 1 ml asam klorida
Tris-buffer (pH = 8.21, 0.05 mol/ l) dimasukkan dalam bak air panas pada suhu 25
° C selama 20 menit. Satu mililiter (1 mg /ml) ekstrak dari polaritas yang berbeda
dicampur dengan 0,4 ml pro-phloroglucinol (25 mmol /l) ditambahkan ke dalam
larutan yang masih di dalam air mandi panas dengan suhu 25°C selama 5 menit.
Akhirnya, 1 ml larutan asam klorida (8 mmol/l) ditambahkan dan diencerkan 10
kali sebagai sampel. Absorbansi pada 320 nm ditentukan dengan menggunakan
spektrofotometer (UV Cintra-40, GBC) menggunakan air suling sampai kosong.
Sebuah vitamin C larutan standar sebanyak 1 mg/ml dalam air suling disusun di
bawah kondisi yang sama.
e. Penangkapan radikal kapasitas Hidroksil
Radikal Hidroksil ialah -OH adalah bentuk netral dari ion hidroksida. Radikal ini
sangat reaktif dan dapat mengganggu kelangsungan hidup. Uji ini berdasarkan
metode hidroksilasi asam benzoat. Hidroksil radikal yang dihasilkan oleh
penambahan langsung dengan besi (II) garam untuk campuran reaksi yang
mengandung buffer fosfat. Dalam sampel pengujian ini, 0,2 ml larutan pro-
fenantrolin (7,5 mmol/l) ditambahkan ke 2 ml larutan buffer; 1 ml (1 mg/ml) ekstrak
dari polaritas yang berbeda, 1,4 ml larutan hidrogen peroksida (1%) dan 2,8 ml air
suling yang ditambahkan ke 0,2 ml larutan sulfat besi dan dimasukkan dalam bak
air panas pada suhu 37°C selama 1 jam. Air suling diukur pada 0,4 ml juga
 digunakan sebagai kerusakan cair bukan ekstrak polaritas yang berbeda. Air suling
(0,8 ml) digunakan untuk menambahkan sampai kosong. Absorbansi pada 510 nm
ditentukan dengan menggunakan spektrofotometer (UV Cintra-40, GBC). A
vitamin C larutan standar (1 mg/ml) dalam air suling disusun di bawah kondisi yang
sama.
2. Hasil Penelitian
Tabel 1. Jumlah konten polifenol dan jumlah kandungan flavonoid
Berbeda
__TPC (%, X ±S, n = 3) TFC (%, X ± S, n = 3)
Lapisan ekstraksi
petroleum eter 0.230 ± 0.003 11.750 ± 0.155
Khloroform 4.990 ± 0.062 14,360 ± 0,178
Etil asetat 19,270 ± 0,266 65,610 ± 0,826
butanol n butanol 3,940 ± 0,068 10,760 ± 0,132
etanol 1.640 ± 0.031 3,770 ± 0,058

Tabel 2. DPPH kapasitas radikal-scavenging (DPPH-RSC), anion superoksida-

pemulungan kapasitas (superoxide-ASC) dan hidroksil kapasitas radikal-
pembilasan (hidroksil -RSC) dalam pelarut polar yang berbeda
Lapisan ekstraksi DPPH-RSC (%, X Superoksida-ASC Hidroksil-RSC
yang berbeda ± S, n = 3) (%, X ± S, n = 3) (%, X ± S, n = 3)
petroleum eter 6,97 ± 0,09 4,75 ± 0,07 7.40 0.14
Khloroform 25,69 ± 0,35 20.16 ± 0.32 14,33 ± 0,36
Etil asetat 34,11 ± 0,54 40,12 ± 0,71 98,27 1,43
n-Butanol 28,27 ± 0,41 35,82 0,53 26,14 ± 0,42
etanol 21,48 ± 0,31 29,94 ± 0,49 15,91 0,24
vitamin C 32,53 ± 0,42 33,54 ± 0,54 50,01 ± 0,79

Tabel 1 menunjukkan bahwa kandungan total polifenol dari clinopodioides Z.

terkonsentrasi di bagian etil asetat (19,27%), clinopodioides Z. terkonsentrasi di bagian etil
asetat (19,27%), kloroform (4,99%) dan n ekstrak butanol (3,94%) yang mengandung yang
mengandung jumlah kecil dari total konten polifenol. Petroleum eter (0,23%) dan ekstrak
etanol (1,64%) hampir tidak mengandung konten polifenol. Hal ini disebabkan total
senyawa polifenol yang dihasilkan dari polaritas, polaritas rendah dari total konsentrasi
polifenol dalam ekstrak kloroform dan polaritas tinggi dari konsentrasi total polifenol di
Total kandungan flavonoid dari clinopodioides Z. terkonsentrasi ekstrak butanol.
Terkonsentrasi di bagian etil asetat (65,61%), kloroform (14,36%) dan n ekstrak di bagian
etil asetat (65,61%), kloroform (14,36%) dan n ekstrak butanol (10,76%) yang
mengandung jumlah kecil dari total konten polifenol. Absorbansi besar ini disebabkan oleh
petroleum eter pigmen ekstrak yang mengandung membuat keruh solusi. Tabel 2
menunjukkan perbedaan yang jelas dalam kegiatan antioksidan. Ekstrak etil asetat
mengandung jumlah besar senyawa polifenol dan flavonoid terutama karena polaritas
polifenol ditentukan. senyawa polifenol adalah salah satu yang paling konstituen
antioksidan yang efektif dalam buah-buahan, sayuran dan biji-bijian. Oleh karena itu,
penting untuk mengukur isi polifenol dan untuk menilai kontribusi terhadap aktivitas
antioksidan.