Relative Clause

Relative Clause is a part of a sentence (clause) that gives information to the person or object that
preceded it.
The term Relative Clause is the same as Adjective Clause. It is called Adjective Clause because
it explains the object or person who preceded it. Called Relative Clause because he connects
(relates) the object or person with the phrase behind it. Relative Clause begins with conjunctions
Contoh:
I have read the book (that) you just mentioned.

Main Clause:                  I have read the book.

Subordinate Clause:       (that) you just mentioned.

Anak kalimat menerangkan kata benda the book, disebut dengan Adjective Clause

The lesson (that) she is learning is very difficult.

Main Clause:                  The lesson is very difficult.
Subordinate Clause:       (that) she is learning.

Kata Ganti Kata Pengantar Contoh Kalimat

1. Relative
Pronouns Fungsi:
Orang Who, Whom, Subjek:
Whose, That
He paid the money to the man who / that had done
the work

Objek Kata Kerja:

He paid the man whom/that he had hired.

Objek Kata Depan:

He paid the man from whom he had borrowed the

money.

Kata Ganti Kepunyaan:

 This is the girl whose picture you saw.
Subjek:

Here is a book which/that describes animals.

Objek Kata Kerja:

Benda, Binatang Which, that The chair which/that he broke is being repaired.

Objek Kata Depan:

She was wearing the coat for which she had paid
$2,00.
2. Relative
Adverbs
Waktu When This is the year when the Olympic Games

are held.
Tempat Where Here is the house where I live.
Alasan Why Give me one good reason why you did that.

Adjective Clause dapat diklasifikasikan menjadi 2 macam, yaitu:

1. Relative pronouns

Relative pronouns adalah kata ganti yang menggantikan subject yang disebut sebelumnya. Dan
berfungsi sebagai penghubung antara kata benda dan keterangan.
1.      Which
-          Dipakai sebagai pengganti subject bila subject tersebut berupa binatang atau benda (noun)
Example:
a.       Bali is Paradise Island
b.      It has a lot of historical temples
Bali which has a lot of historical temples is Paradise Island
a.       The animal is a dog
b.      It hunted my brother last night
The animal which hunted my brother last night is a dog
a.       This book is very beatiful
b.      It is very expensive
 This book which is very expensive is very beatiful

-          Dipakai sebagai pengganti objek bila objek tersebut berupa binatang atau benda
Example:
a.       This is the book
b.      I bought it yesterday
This is the book which I bought yesterday
a.       Here is my car
b.      You can borrow it now
Here is my car which you can borrow now
2.      Who
-          Dipakai sebagai pengganti subject bila subject tersebut berupa orang
Example:
a.       My brother is a police man
b.      He lives in Bandung
My brothes who lives in Bandung is a police man
a.       The man is a teacher
b.      He teaches the lesson patiently
The man who teaches the lesson patienly is a teacher
3.      That
-          Digunakan sebagai kata ganti benda atau kadang-kadang orang untuk menerangkan
subject/object
Example:
a.       The man came here last night
b.      He will buy this house
The man that will buy this house came here last night
a.       Borobudur is an historical temple
b.      It was bombed years ago
Borobudur that was bombed years ago is an historical temple
4.      Whom
-          Dipakai sebagai pengganti object bila object tersebut berupa orang
Example:
a.       The man is Nizar
b.      I invited him yesterday
The man whom I invited yesterday is Nizar
a.       The boy is Amir
b.      We gave him money yesterday
The boy whom we gave money yesterday is Amir
5.      Whose
-          Dipakai sebagai pengganti milik untuk orang
Example:
a.       The man is Mr. Rudi
b.      We visited his daughter two days ago
The man whose doughter we visited two days ago is Mr. Rudi
Note: relative clause yang menggunakan who/that/which dapat dihilangkan apabila menjadi
object. Example:
1. The woman who I wanted to see was away, or

Teh woman I wanted to see was away

2. Have you found the key that you lost?, or

Have you found the key you lost?

2. Relative adverb

Relative adverb biasa digunakan sebagai ganti relative pronoun yang juga berfungsi untuk
memberikan pemahaman terhadap kalimat. Diantara relative adverb adalah:
a.       When
Example:
-          How can I forget the day when he went away?
b.      Where
Example:
-          Do you still remember the place where I met her the first time?
c.       Why
Example:
-          Give me one good reason why you did that
Disamping itu, Adjective Clause dapat diklasifikasikan menjadi 2 jenis, yaitu:
1. Defining relative

Merupakan klausa yang berfungsi mengidentifikasi/mengenalkan kata benda yang

dijelaskan. Klausa ini bersifat penting, sebab itu defining relative tidak bisa dihilangkan.  
Example:
The woman who lives next door is a doctor
Barbara works for a company that makes washing machines

2. Non defining relative

Dalam suatu kalimat, non defining relative berfungsi memberi keterangan tambahan
kepada subyek (noun atau pronoun). Dalam hal ini non defining relative selalu ditulis diantara
dua koma.
Example:
My brother Jim, who lives in london, is a doctor
Nizar’s house, which is very cheap, will be sold