Solutions for Home Work 2

15 – 1
i1 = 42.5 Btu / lbm = 98.86 KJ / Kg R22

i2 = i1
60 °C ( 140°F)
i3 = 108.2 Btu / lbm = 251.7 KJ / Kg
1 4
43 °C ( 110°F)
i4 = 119.5 Btu / lbm = 278.0 KJ / Kg

P
3
COP = qe /w; Use P–I diagram 2 4.5 °C ( 40°F)

-w = i4 – i3 = 119.5 – 108.2

=11.3 Btu/lbm

qc = i1 – i4 = 42.5 – 119.5
i
= –77Btu/lbm

qe = – qc + w = 77 – 11.3

= 65.7 Btu/lbm

(a) COP = 65.7 / 11.3 = 5.814

(b) COP carnot = Te / Tc – Te = (4.5+273.15)/(43–4.5) =7.21

ηr = COP / COP carnot = 5.814 / 7.21 = 0.806

(c) HP / ton = 4.716 / COP = 4.716 / 5.814 = 0.811

KW / KW = 1/ COP = 1 / 5.814 = 0.172

q e 10  12000
(d) m    1826.5 lbm / hr  0.2301 kg / s
qe 65.7

q 10  12000
(e) W  e   20640 Btu / hr  8.112 HP  6.049 kW
COP 5.814

(f) V3 = 0.04099 m3/kg = 0.6566 ft3/lb

PD  mV
 3  0.2301  0.04099  0.009432 m 3 / s  19.99 ft 3 / min
15 – 2

W  2.5kW ; m  0.05kg / s

q c  i1  i4 ;  w  i4  i3
i4  i3  W / m  398.4  2.5 / 0.05  448.4 kJ / kg
q c  i1  i4  260.3  448.4  188.1 kJ / kg
(a)
w  i3  i4  398.4  448.4  50 kJ / kg
q e  q c  w  188.1  50  138.1 kJ / kg
Qr  q c  m  188.1  0.05  9.405 kW

COP  138.1/ 50  2.76

(b) 255
COPcarnot   3.86
321  255

(c) i4  448.4 kJ / kg from part (a )

(d) r  2.76 / 3.86  0.72 or 72%

Additional Problem

Estimate the daily electricity cost ( in HK$) of 7 chillers at HKUST.  Refrigeration

capacity of each chiller is 3517 kW and assume COP=3.7.

Solution:

The power input for each chiller

         = Refrigeration capacity/ COP=3517/3.7=950.54 [kW]

Assume the chillers operated 12 a day and the unit electricity cost is as follows:
                First 5000 units (kWh) is  HK$0.974/unit
                Over 5000 units (kWh) is HK$0.964/unit

Then, the electricity cost of 7 chillers per day is:

       5000 x 0.974 + ( 950.54 x 7 x 12 - 5000) x 0.964
     = 77021 [HK$]
The daily electricity cost of 7 chillers at HKUST is about HK$77021.