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‫ﻻ ﻳﻤﻠﻜﻮﻥ ﺃﻳﺔ ﻗﺪﺭﺍﺕ ﻻﺳﺘﻐﻼﻝ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺭﺩ‬ ‫‪‬‬

‫ﻛﺜﻴﺮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺠﺎﺩﻳﻦ‬
‫ً‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺎﺣﺔ ﻟﻬﻢ! ﻭﻟﻬﺬﺍ ﻓﺈﻥ‬ ‫‪‬‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺤﻴﺎﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺼﺎﻣﻴﻴﻦ ﻳﺴﻘﻄﻮﻥ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻐﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻮﻥ‬
‫ﻭﻳﻔﻘﺪﻭﻥ ﻣﻨﺎﺯﻟﻬﻢ ﻭﻣﻤﺘﻠﻜﺎﺗﻬﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻋﻤﻠﻮﺍ ﻟﺴﻨﻮﺍﺕ ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻳﻌﺘﻤﺪ ﺍﻟﻨﺠﺎﺡ ﻓﻲ ﻛﺎﻓﺔ ﻣﺠﺎﻻﺕ ﺍﻟﺤﻴﺎﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﺪﺓ ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ‬
‫ﺑﻨﺎﺋﻬﺎ ﻭﺗﻨﻤﻴﺘﻬﺎ! ﻭﻟﻬﺬﺍ ﻳﻌﺪ ﺍﻹﻟﻤﺎﻡ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺒﺎﺩﺉ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻫﻤﻬﺎ ﺗﻮﺍﻓﺮ ﻣﻘﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﻣﺤﺪﺩﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﺗﻘﺎﻥ ﺃﺳﺎﻟﻴﺐ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺮﺋﻴﺴﻴﺔ ﻭﻃﺮﻕ ﺍﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭﻫﺎ ﻭﺗﻨﻤﻴﺘﻬﺎ ﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻮﻇﻴﻒ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﻮﻣﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﺛﻢ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻄﻮﻳﺮﻫﺎ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻳﻢ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻠﻴﻢ ﻟﺘﺠﻨﺐ ﻣﺨﺎﻃﺮ ﺍﻻﻧﻬﻴﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﻭﺍﻷﺯﻣﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﺒﺪﺃ ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ ﺍﻻﻧﻀﺒﺎﻁ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺬﺍﺗﻴﺔ ﻣﻨﺬ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﺨﺼﻴﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺍﻫﻘﺔ ﻭﻳﻨﻌﻜﺲ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮﻫﺎ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﺑﻌﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﺍﻟﻨﺠﺎﺡ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻮﻯ ﺍﻟﻤﻬﻨﻲ ﻭﺍﻷﺳﺮﻱ ﻭﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻱ‪ .‬ﻫﺬﺍ‬
‫ﻭﻗﺒﻞ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺨﻄﻮ ﺧﻄﻮﺗﻚ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﻳﻔﺘﻘﺮ ﻛﺜﻴﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻟﻐﻴﻦ ﺇﻟﻰ‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻘﻼﻝ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺩﻱ‬ ‫‪‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻔﺎﻫﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﺳﺎﺳﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬
‫ً‬
‫ﺃﻭﻻ؛‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻱ ﺣﺪﺩ ﺃﻫﺪﺍﻓﻚ‬ ‫ﺗﻤﻜﻨﻬﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻳﺶ ﻓﻲ‬
‫‪ W‬ﻛﻴﻒ ﺗﺠﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻝ ﻋﺒﺮ ﺍﻻﺩﺧﺎﺭ ﻭﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ‬
‫ﺛﻢ ﺍﺑﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺃﻓﻀﻞ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻕ‬ ‫ﺳﻼﻡ ﻣﻊ ﺑﻴﺌﺘﻬﻢ ﻭﻣﻊ ﺍﻷﻭﺿﺎﻉ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻫﺪﺍﻑ ﻭﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ؟‬
‫ﻟﺒﻠﻮﻏﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﻳﺸﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﻡ‬ ‫‪ W‬ﻛﻴﻒ ﺗﺘﻔﺎﺩﻯ ﺍﻷﺯﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻘﻠﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﻣﻤﺎ ﻳﻘﻮﺩ‬
‫ﺑﺮﺣﻠﺔ ﺑﺮﻳﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﺮﺍء؛ ﺣﻴﺚ‬ ‫ﺗﺼﺎﺩﻓﻚ ﺧﻼﻝ ﺣﻴﺎﺗﻚ؟‬ ‫ﺑﻌﻀﻬﻢ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﻄﻤﻊ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭ‬
‫ﺳﺘﺤﺘﺎﺝ ﻟﺨﺮﻳﻄﺔ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺗﻮﺿﺢ‬ ‫ً‬
‫ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻼ ﻣﺎﺩﻳًﺎ؟‬ ‫‪ W‬ﻛﻴﻒ ﺗﺼﺒﺢ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﻬﺐ ﻭﺍﻻﺧﺘﻼﺱ ﻭﺍﻧﺘﺤﺎﻝ‬
‫ﻛﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﻟﻚ ﻭﺃﻗﺼﺮﻫﺎ ﻭﺃﻳﺴﺮﻫﺎ‬ ‫‪ W‬ﻣﺎ ﺍﻷﻓﻜﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺟﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺷﺨﺼﻴﺎﺕ ﻏﻴﺮﻫﻢ ﻭﻣﺎ ﺇﻟﻰ‬
‫ﻟﺘﺨﺘﺎﺭ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻨﺎﺳﺒﻚ‪ .‬ﻣﻦ ﺃﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺎﻓﻆ ﺑﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻣﻮﺍﻟﻚ؟‬ ‫ﺫﻟﻚ‪ .‬ﺍﻷﻫﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺃﻥ ﻫﺆﻻء‬

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 ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻨـــﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ ‪ -‬ﺍﻟـﻌـﺪﺩ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ ‪) -‬ﻣﺎﺭﺱ ‪3 - (2011‬‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﺴﺎﺏ ﺗﻮﻓﻴﺮ ﻓﻲ ﺃﺣﺪ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﻮﻙ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻠﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﺄﻧﻔﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺟﺮﺍءﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﻣﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻀﺮﻭﺭﻳﺔ ﻟﻼﻧﻄﻼﻕ ﻓﻲ ﺭﺣﻠﺘﻚ‬
‫ﺧﻄﺘﻲ ﺍﻻﺩﺧﺎﺭﻳﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﺑﻤﺮﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﻮﺍﺕ‪ ،‬ﺍﺯﺩﺍﺩ ﻋﻤﻼﺋﻲ‬ ‫ﻧﺤﻮ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻘﻼﻝ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺩﻱ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻠﻢ ﺑﻘﻮﺍﻋﺪ ﺍﻻﻧﻀﺒﺎﻁ‬
‫ﻭﺫﺍﻉ ﺻﻴﺘﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﻇﻠﻠﺖ ﺃﺩﺧﺮ ﺍﻟﺠﺰء ﺍﻷﻛﺒﺮ ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺨﺼﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺴﺎﻋﺪﻙ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﺃﻫﺪﺍﻓﻚ‪ ،‬ﻭﺗﺨﻄﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻝ ﻭﺃﺣﺘﻔﻆ ﺑﺠﺰء ﻣﻨﻪ ﻛﻤﺼﺮﻭﻑ ﺷﺨﺼﻲ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻘﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺳﺘﺼﻄﺪﻡ ﺑﺎﻟﻜﺜﻴﺮ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻃﻮﺍﻝ ﺭﺣﻠﺔ‬
‫ﻭﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻘﺖ ﺑﺎﻟﺠﺎﻣﻌﺔ‪ ،‬ﺣﺼﻠﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﻇﻴﻔﺔ ﺑﺪﻭﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﺣﻴﺎﺗﻚ‪ .‬ﺑﻌﺾ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﺒﺎﺕ ﻗﺪ ﻳﺆﺟﻞ ﻣﻮﻋﺪ ﺍﻟﻮﺻﻮﻝ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺟﺰﺋﻲ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻄﻌﻢ ﺑﺠﻮﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺤﺮﻡ ﺍﻟﺠﺎﻣﻌﻲ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺃﻣﺮﺍ‬
‫ﻭﻗﺪ ﻳﺠﻌﻞ ﺑﻌﻀﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻮﺻﻮﻝ ً‬ ‫ﺃﻭ ﻳُﻌﺠﻞ ﺑﻪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺮﻏﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻥ ﻧﺴﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻤﺪﺧﺮ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻗﺪ ﺗﻘﻠﺼﺖ‬ ‫ً‬
‫ﻣﺴﺘﺤﻴﻼ! ﻭﻷﻧﻪ ﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﻃﺮﻕ ﺳﺤﺮﻳﺔ ﺗﻮﺻﻠﻚ‬
‫ﻧﻈﺮﺍ ﻟﻠﻨﻔﻘﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻷﻋﺒﺎء ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺩﺓ‬
‫ﻧﺴﺒﻴًﺎ ً‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ ﻏﺎﻳﺘﻚ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﻥ ﻭﺿﻊ ﺍﻟﺨﻄﻂ ﻭﺍﻻﻟﺘﺰﺍﻡ ﺑﻬﺎ ﻫﻮ ﻣﺎ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻧﺸﺄﺕ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﻃﻮﺍﻝ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﻮﺍﺕ ﺟﻌﻠﺖ ﺍﻻﺩﺧﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻳﻤﻬﺪ ﻟﻚ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻖ ﺣﺘﻰ ﺗﺒﻠﻎ ﻭﺟﻬﺘﻚ‪.‬‬
‫ﺃﻣﺮﺍ ﺗﻠﻘﺎﺋﻴًﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻟﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭﺑﻤﺮﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ ﺯﺍﺩ ﺣﺴﺎﺑﻲ‬
‫ً‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺮﻓﻲ‪ .‬ﻭﺑﻌﺪ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺨﺮﺟﺖ ﻭﻋﻤﻠﺖ ﻛﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﻓﻲ‬ ‫‪‬‬
‫ﻋﻠﻮﻡ ﺍﻷﺣﻴﺎء‪ ،‬ﻃﻠﺒﺖ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﻚ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻘﺘﻄﻊ ‪ ٪10‬ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺩﺧﻠﻲ ﺍﻟﺸﻬﺮﻱ ﺗﻠﻘﺎﺋﻴًﺎ ﻟﺘﻮﺿﻊ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺴﺎﺏ ”ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺎﻋﺪ“‬ ‫ﻗﺪ ﺗﻄﻤﺢ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻻﻟﺘﺤﺎﻕ ﺑﺠﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﺑﻌﻴﻨﻬﺎ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺹ ﺑﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻳُﺴﺘﺜﻤﺮ ﻓﻲ ﺻﻨﺎﺩﻳﻖ ﺍﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﺎﻝ ﺑﻌﻴﻨﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﻛﻞ ﻫﺬﻩ ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺍﺕ ﻣﺼﻴﺮﻳﺔ ﺗﻨﻄﻮﻱ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﻭﺍﺩﺧﺎﺭ ﻣﺘﻌﺪﺩﺓ‪ .‬ﻭﻋﻤﺮﻱ ﺍﻵﻥ ﺛﻤﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻭﺃﺭﺑﻌﻮﻥ ﻋﺎﻣًﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻳﺔ‪ .‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺤﻠﻞ ﻭﺗﺪﺭﺱ ﺗﻜﺎﻟﻴﻒ‬
‫ﻭﺭﺻﻴﺪﻱ ﺍﻻﺩﺧﺎﺭﻱ ﻻ ﻳﻘﻞ ﻋﻦ ﻣﻠﻴﻮﻥ ﺩﻭﻻﺭ‪“.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺠﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺘﻮﻕ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻻﻟﺘﺤﺎﻕ ﺑﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﻭﻗﺪ‬
‫ﺗﻀﻄﺮ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻗﺘﺮﺍﺽ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻮﺩ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺳﺮﺗﻚ ﺃﻭ ﺗﻌﺘﻤﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﺗﺒﺪﻭ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻘﺼﺔ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﺄﻟﻮﻓﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺣﺪ ﻣﺎ‪ .‬ﻓﺎﻻﺩﺧﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺢ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻘﺪﻡ ﻟﻠﻄﻠﺒﺔ‪ .‬ﻋﻠﻴﻚ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺤﺪﺩ ﻫﻞ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ ﻓﻲ ﺳﻦ ﻣﺒﻜﺮﺓ ﺃﻣﺮ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺷﺎﺋﻊ ﻟﺪﻯ‬ ‫ﺳﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﻓﻲ ﺃﺛﻨﺎء ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﺃﻡ ﻻ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﻳﻦ ﺳﺘﺴﻜﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻜﺜﻴﺮﻳﻦ‪ ،‬ﻣﻤﺎ ﻳﺠﻌﻞ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﺻﻌﻮﺑﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺳﻦ‬ ‫ﻓﺘﺮﺓ ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺘﻚ‪ ،‬ﻭﻛﻴﻒ ﺳﺘﺘﺤﻤﻞ ﻧﻔﻘﺎﺕ ﺍﻹﻳﺠﺎﺭ ﻭﺍﻟﻄﻌﺎﻡ‬
‫ً‬
‫ﻭﻣﺪﺭﻛﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﺄﺧﺮﺓ‪ .‬ﻟﻜﻦ ﻭﺍﻟﺪ ”ﺷﺮﻳﻒ“ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻭﺍﻋﻴًﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻏﻴﺮﻫﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﻮﺍﺗﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻻ ﺣﺼﺮ ﻟﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﻓﻬﻨﺎﻙ ﺍﻟﻜﺜﻴﺮ‬
‫ﻟﻤﻔﻬﻮﻡ ”ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺰﻣﻨﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺎﻝ“‪ .‬ﻳﻘﻮﻡ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻤﻔﻬﻮﻡ ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺍﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺘﺨﺬﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺪﻯ ﺍﻟﻘﺼﻴﺮ‬
‫ﻣﺒﺪﺃ ﺃﻥ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻻﺭ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﺗﺴﺎﻭﻱ ﻋﺪﺓ ﺩﻭﻻﺭﺍﺕ ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺪﻯ ﺍﻟﻄﻮﻳﻞ! ﻭﻛﻠﻤﺎ ﺑﺎﺩﺭﺕ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﻄﻴﻂ ﻟﻜﻞ ﻫﺬﻩ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﺒﻞ‪ .‬ﻭﻣﻊ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻔﻮﺍﺋﺪ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻮﺍﺋﺪ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﻥ ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺎﺻﻴﻞ‪ ،‬ﺍﺯﺩﺍﺩﺕ ﻓﺮﺻﻚ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻻﺩﺧﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻟﻲ‪ .‬ﻭﻳﻌﺪ‬
‫ﺗﻘﺘﻨﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﻮﺍﻝ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺃﻥ ﻳُﺴﺘﺜﻤﺮ ﻓﻲ ﻭﻋﺎء ﻣﺎﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﻭﺭﺳﻢ ﻣﻌﺎﻟﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﺒﻞ ﺃﻫﻢ ﻭﺃﻓﻀﻞ ﻃﺮﻕ ﺍﻟﺒﺪء‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﺩﺧﺎﺭﻱ ﻛﺤﺴﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﻓﻴﺮ ﻟﻴﺤﻘﻖ ﻟﻚ ﺍﻟﻜﺜﻴﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﻣﻮﺍﻝ‬
‫‪‬‬
‫ﻣﻠﻴﻮﻧﻴﺮﺍ‪،‬‬
‫ً‬ ‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﺒﻞ‪ .‬ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻫﺪﻓﻚ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺼﺒﺢ‬
‫ﻓﻮﺭﺍ‪.‬‬
‫ﻓﺎﺑﺪﺃ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ ﺃﻛﺒﺮ ﻗﺪﺭ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻝ ً‬
‫ً‬
‫ﻗﺎﺋﻼ‪” :‬ﺣﺼﻠﺖ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﻯ ﺭﺟﻞ ﻳﺪﻋﻰ ”ﺷﺮﻳﻒ“ ﺣﻜﺎﻳﺘﻪ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻬﻨﺘﻲ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ ﻓﻲ ﻗﺺ ﺃﻋﺸﺎﺏ ﻭﺣﺪﺍﺋﻖ ﺍﻟﺠﻴﺮﺍﻥ‬
‫ﺧﻼﺻــــﺎﺕ ﻛﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺑﻴــــﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻢ‬

‫‪‬‬
‫ﺑﻤﺠﺮﺩ ﺃﻥ ﺑﻠﻐﺖ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻋﺸﺮﺓ‪ .‬ﻛﻨﺖ ﺃﺳﺘﻴﻘﻆ ﺻﺒﺎﺡ‬

‫ﻳﺴﻴﺮﺍ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﺬﺍ‬
‫ﺃﻣﺮﺍ ً‬
‫ﻳُﺠﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻜﺜﻴﺮﻭﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻻﺩﺧﺎﺭ ﻟﻴﺲ ً‬ ‫ﻣﺒﻜﺮﺍ ﻭﺃﻣﻀﻲ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻋﻤﻠﻲ ﻭﺃﻗﻀﻲ ﻳﻮﻣﻲ ﻓﻲ‬
‫ً‬ ‫ﻛﻞ ﺳﺒﺖ‬

‫ﻳﺼﻴﺒﻬﻢ ﺍﻹﺣﺒﺎﻁ ﻭﻳﺘﻤﻠﻜﻬﻢ ﺍﻟﻴﺄﺱ ﺑﺴﺒﺐ ﺍﻟﻔﺸﻞ ﻓﻲ ﻫﺬﺍ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻗﺺ ﺍﻷﻋﺸﺎﺏ‪ .‬ﻛﺎﻥ ﺃﺑﻲ ﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺆﻭﻝ ﻋﻦ ﺍﺩﺧﺎﺭ‬

‫ﺃﻣﺮﺍ ﻏﺮﻳﺒًﺎ؛ ﺣﻴﺚ ﺗﺬﻫﺐ ﻧﺴﺒﺔ ﻛﺒﻴﺮﺓ ﻣﻦ‬

‫ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﻟﻴﺲ ً‬ ‫ﺩﻭﻻﺭﺍ ﻛﻨﺖ‬
‫ً‬ ‫ﻛﻞ ﻣﺎ ﺃﻛﺴﺒﻪ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺎﻝ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺜﻨﺎء ﻋﺸﺮﻳﻦ‬

‫ﺩﻭﺭﺍ‬
‫ﺩﺧﻠﻨﺎ ﻟﻠﻀﺮﺍﺋﺐ‪ .‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﺗﻠﻌﺐ ﺍﻹﻋﻼﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺮﻫﻴﺒﺔ ً‬ ‫ﺃﺣﺘﻔﻆ ﺑﻬﺎ ﻛﻤﺼﺮﻭﻑ ﺷﺨﺼﻲ ﻃﻮﺍﻝ ﺍﻟﺸﻬﺮ‪ .‬ﻭﻛﺎﻥ‬
‫ﻻ ﻳﺴﺘﻬﺎﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺗﺤﺮﻳﻀﻨﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻬﻼﻙ ﻭﺩﻓﻌﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﻻﺭﺍ ﺇﺿﺎﻓﻴًﺎ ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﻛﻞ ﻋﺸﺮﺓ‬
‫ً‬ ‫ﺃﺑﻲ ﻳﻜﺎﻓﺌﻨﻲ ﻭﻳﻤﻨﺤﻨﻲ‬
‫ﺇﻟﻰ ﺷﺮﺍء ﻛﺎﻓﺔ ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻊ ﺑﺎﻫﻈﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﻤﻦ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻃﻌﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﻻﺭﺍﺕ ﺃﺩﺧﺮﻫﺎ‪ .‬ﺑﻤﻌﻨﻰ ﺁﺧﺮ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎﻥ ﻳﺪﻓﻊ ﻟﻲ ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞ‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫ﻭﻣﻼﺑﺲ ﻭﺃﺩﻭﺍﺕ ﻭﺃﺟﻬﺰﺓ ﻭﺃﻟﻌﺎﺏ ﻭﺭﺣﻼﺕ ﻭﻏﻴﺮﻫﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺃﻻ ﺃﻧﻔﻖ ﻛﻞ ﻣﺎ ﺃﻛﺴﺒﻪ! ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﺗﻌﻠﻤﺖ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﺩﺓ‪ ،‬ﺣﺼﻠﺖ‬
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 ‫ﺍﻟﺠﺪﻳﺪ ﻭﻟﻦ ﺗﺸﻌﺮ ﺑﺄﻱ ﻧﻘﺺ‪ ،‬ﻭﺳﺘﻼﺣﻆ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﻧﺤﻦ ﻧﻌﺮﻑ ﻣﺪﻯ ﺻﻌﻮﺑﺔ ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺔ ﺇﻏﺮﺍءﺍﺕ ﻫﺬﻩ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺴﻨـــﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ ‪ -‬ﺍﻟـﻌـﺪﺩ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ ‪) -‬ﻣﺎﺭﺱ ‪3 - (2011‬‬

‫ﺗﻨﻤﻮ ﺑﻬﺎ ﻣﺪﺧﺮﺍﺗﻚ‪ .‬ﻭﺳﻴﺤﻘﻖ ﻟﻚ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻮﻙ ﺍﻹﻳﺠﺎﺑﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻋﻼﻧﺎﺕ؛ ﻓﻨﺤﻦ ﻧﻜﺪ ﻭﻧﺘﻌﺐ ﺣﺘﻰ ﻧﻜﺴﺐ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻝ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﻦ‬
‫ً‬
‫ﻧﻮﻋﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻘﻼﻝ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺩﻱ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻗﻠﻤﺎ ﻳﺼﻞ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﺃﺣﺪ!‬ ‫ﺣﻘﻨﺎ ﺃﻥ ﻧﺴﺘﻤﺘﻊ ﺑﺤﻴﺎﺗﻨﺎ ﺑﻌﺪ ﻣﺎ ﻧﺒﺬﻟﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺟﻬﻮﺩ ﻣﻀﻨﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﻧﺤﻦ ﻫﻨﺎ ﻻ ﻧﺪﻋﻮ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺘﻴﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻴﺶ ﻛﺤﻴﺎﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺪﻡ‬
‫‪ E‬ﻓ ﱢﺮﻕ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺟﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺮﻓﺎﻫﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻴﺮ‪ ،‬ﺑﻞ ﻧﺪﻋﻮ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻋﺪﻡ ﺍﻹﻓﺮﺍﻁ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺯﻧﺔ ﺑﻴﻦ‬
‫ﻳﺘﻤﺘﻊ ﺍﻟﺸﺒﺎﺏ ﻓﻲ ﻓﺘﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺍﻫﻘﺔ ﺑﺮﻏﺒﺔ ﺟﺎﻣﺤﺔ ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺩﺧﻮﻟﻨﺎ ﻭﻣﺴﺘﻮﻯ ﻣﻌﻴﺸﺘﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺿﻌﻴﻦ ﺑﻌﻴﻦ ﺍﻻﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺃﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻗﺘﻨﺎء ﻛﻞ ﺷﻲء؛ ﻫﺎﺗﻒ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺳﻴﺎﺭﺓ ﺟﺪﻳﺪﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﻼﺑﺲ‬ ‫ً‬
‫ﺳﻠﻮﻛﺎ ﻣﻌﺘﺎ ًﺩﺍ ﻓﻲ ﺣﻴﺎﺗﻨﺎ‪ .‬ﻻ ﺳﻴﻤﺎ ﻭﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻻﺩﺧﺎﺭ‬
‫ﺗﺴﺎﻳﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺿﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻏﻴﺮﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﻜﺜﻴﺮ‪ .‬ﻭﺑﻴﻨﻤﺎ ﻳﻌﻴﺶ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺍﻫﻖ‬ ‫ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﺗﻘﻨﻴﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﺮﺍﺗﻴﺠﻴﺎﺕ ﺃﺛﺒﺘﺖ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺘﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ‬
‫ﻣﻊ ﻭﺍﻟﺪﻳﻪ ﻭﺃﺳﺮﺗﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﻥ ﺍﺣﺘﻴﺎﺟﺎﺗﻪ ﺍﻟﺮﺋﻴﺴﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻃﻌﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺧﻄﻂ ﺍﻻﺩﺧﺎﺭ‪ .‬ﻭﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ ﺍﻟﻤﻔﺎﻫﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﻣﻠﺒﺲ ﻭﻣﺴﻜﻦ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﺆﻣﻨﺔ‪ .‬ﺃﻱ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻻﺣﺘﻴﺎﺟﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻳﻤﻜﻨﻚ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺘﺤﻜﻢ ﻓﻲ ﺣﻴﺎﺗﻚ ﻭﺃﻥ ﺗﺒﺪﺃ ﺭﺣﻠﺘﻚ ﻧﺤﻮ‬
‫ﺍﻷﺳﺎﺳﻴﺔ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺇﺷﺒﺎﻋﻬﺎ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﻻ ﻳﺘﺒﻘﻰ ﺳﻮﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻘﻼﻝ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺩﻱ‪:‬‬
‫ﻭﻟﺬﺍ ﻳﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﻓﺎﻫﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻳﻌﺘﺒﺮﻫﺎ ﺑﻌﻀﻨﺎ ﺃﺳﺎﺳﻴﺔ!‬
‫ﺍﺳﺘﻴﻌﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻕ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻻﺣﺘﻴﺎﺟﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺮﻓﺎﻫﻴﺎﺕ ﻓﻲ ﻏﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫‪ E‬ﺍﺩﺧﺮ ﻟﻨﻔﺴﻚ ً‬
‫ﺃﻭﻻ!‬
‫ﺍﻷﻫﻤﻴﺔ ﻷﻧﻪ ﻳﺴﺎﻋﺪﻙ ﻓﻲ ﺍﺗﺨﺎﺫ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺍﺭﺍﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻔﺎﺿﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻗﺪ ﺗﺘﺴﺎءﻝ ﻛﻴﻒ ﻳﺘﺴﻨﻰ ﻟﻲ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺃﻥ ﻳُﺴﺘﻘﻄﻊ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﺨﻴﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔ ﺑﻤﺴﺘﻘﺒﻠﻚ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺩﻱ‪ .‬ﺗﺨﻴﻞ ﺃﻧﻚ‬ ‫ﺩﺧﻠﻲ ﻗﺴﻂ ﻛﺒﻴﺮ ﻟﻠﻀﺮﺍﺋﺐ ﻭﺍﻻﻟﺘﺰﺍﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﺧﺮﻯ؟‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺭﺣﻠﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺴﻴﺎﺭﺓ ﻭﻻ ﺗﻤﻠﻚ ﺳﻮﻯ ﺧﻤﺴﺔ ﺩﻭﻻﺭﺍﺕ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺰﺯ ﺍﻹﺟﺎﺑﺔ ﻋﻦ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺴﺆﺍﻝ ﻣﺎ ﻧﺤﺎﻭﻝ ﺃﻥ ﻧﻮﺿﺤﻪ‬
‫ﺳﺘﻜﺘﺸﻒ ﺃﻧﻚ ﺑﺤﺎﺟﺔ ﻟﺘﺰﻭﻳﺪ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺭﺓ ﺑﺎﻟﻮﻗﻮﺩ ﺑﺨﻤﺴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻚ‪ .‬ﻓﻌﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﺗُﺨﺼﻢ ﺍﻟﻀﺮﺍﺋﺐ ﻣﻦ ﺩﺧﻠﻚ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﻧﻚ ﺗﺘﻤﻨﻰ‬
‫ﺩﻭﻻﺭﺍﺕ ﺣﺘﻰ ﺗﺼﻞ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻭﺟﻬﺘﻚ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻜﻨﻚ ﺗﻔﻜﺮ ً‬
‫ﺃﻳﻀﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﻮ ﺃﻥ ﻟﺪﻳﻚ ً‬
‫ﻣﺎﻻ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻜﻨﻚ ﻓﻲ ﻧﻔﺲ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ ﻣﻀﻄﺮ‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺷﺮﺍء ﻭﺟﺒﺔ ﺧﻔﻴﻔﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﺄﻳﻬﻤﺎ ﺳﺘﺨﺘﺎﺭ؟! ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺆﻛﺪ‬ ‫ﺧﻴﺎﺭﺍ‬
‫ً‬ ‫ﻷﻥ ﺗﺘﻌﺎﻳﺶ ﻣﻊ ﻣﺴﺘﻮﻯ ﺩﺧﻠﻚ ﻷﻧﻚ ﻻ ﺗﻤﻠﻚ‬
‫ﺃﻥ ﻭﺻﻮﻟﻚ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻭﺟﻬﺘﻚ ﺃﻫﻢ ﻣﻦ ﻭﺟﺒﺘﻚ‪ .‬ﻓﺘﺰﻭﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﺁﺧﺮ! ﻫﺬﻩ ﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﻔﻜﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻳﻘﻮﻡ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﻣﺒﺪﺃ ”ﺍﺩﺧﺮ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺭﺓ ﺑﺎﻟﻮﻗﻮﺩ ﻳﺆﻣﻦ ﻟﻚ ﻭﺟﺒﺎﺕ ﻛﺜﻴﺮﺓ ً‬
‫ﻻﺣﻘﺎ‪ ،‬ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞ‬ ‫ﺃﻭﻻ“‪ .‬ﱢ‬
‫ﻓﻜﺮ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻳﻤﻜﻨﻚ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺪﺧﺮﻫﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻟﻨﻔﺴﻚ ً‬
‫ﺗﻨﺎﻭﻝ ﻭﺟﺒﺔ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﺠﻮﻉ ﺑﻌﺪﻣﺎ ﺗﺘﻘﻄﻊ ﺑﻚ ﺍﻟﺴﺒﻞ‬ ‫ﻫﻞ ﻫﻲ ‪ ٪5‬ﺃﻡ ‪ ٪10‬ﺃﻡ ‪ ٪15‬ﻣﻦ ﺇﺟﻤﺎﻟﻲ ﺩﺧﻠﻚ؟‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺣﺪﺩ ﺗﻠﻚ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺑﺪﻗﺔ ﻭﺍﺣﺰﻡ ﺃﻣﺮﻙ ﺃﻻ ﺗﻨﻔﻖ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ‬
‫ﻣﻬﻤﺎ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺍﻟﻈﺮﻭﻑ‪ .‬ﻗﺪ ﻳﺒﺪﻭ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ً‬
‫ﺷﺎﻗﺎ ﻭﻣﺆﻟﻤًﺎ‬
‫‪ E‬ﺿﻊ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﺍﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻜﻨﻚ ﺳﺘﺘﻌﺎﻳﺶ ﻣﻊ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻮﻙ ﺑﻤﺮﻭﺭ‬
‫ﺗﺤﺘﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﻴﺰﺍﻧﻴﺔ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﺔ ﻣﻬﻤﺔ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﻞ ﻭﺳﺎﺋﻞ ﺍﺩﺧﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ‪ ،‬ﻣﺜﻠﻤﺎ ﻳﺤﺪﺙ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻷﻣﻮﺍﻝ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺴﺘﻘﻄﻌﻬﺎ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻝ‪ .‬ﻓﻬﻲ ﺗﺤﺪﺩ ﻣﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻝ ﻭﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩﻩ ﻭﻣﺴﺎﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﻜﻮﻣﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺩﺧﻠﻚ‪ .‬ﻓﺒﻤﺠﺮﺩ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺘﺤﻮﻝ ﻣﺒﺪﺃ ”ﺍﺩﺧﺮ‬
‫ﺇﻧﻔﺎﻗﻪ! ﻭﻻ ﻳﻘﺘﺼﺮ ﺩﻭﺭﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ ﻣﺠﺎﻻﺕ‬ ‫ﻟﻨﻔﺴﻚ ً‬
‫ﺃﻭﻻ“ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺳﻠﻮﻙ‪ ،‬ﺳﺘﺘﻌﻠﻢ ﻛﻴﻒ ﺗﺘﺄﻗﻠﻢ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻮﺿﻊ‬
‫ﺧﻼﺻــــﺎﺕ ﻛﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺑﻴــــﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻢ‬

‫‪‬‬

‫ﻛﻨﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺿﻲ ﻧﺬﻫﺐ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﻚ ﺑﺄﻧﻔﺴﻨﺎ ﻭﻧﺼﻄﻒ ﻓﻲ ﻃﻮﺍﺑﻴﺮ ﺣﺘﻰ ﻧﺼﻞ ﻟﻤﻮﻇﻒ ﺍﻟﺨﺪﻣﺔ ﺃﻭ ”ﺍﻟﺘﻴﻠﺮ“ )ﺍﻟﺼﺮﺍﻑ(‪ .‬ﻭﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺮﻏﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻥ ﺑﻌﻀﻨﺎ ﻣﺎ ﺯﺍﻝ ﻳﻔﻀﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻟﺸﺨﺼﻲ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﺼﺮﺍﻓﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﻥ ﺍﻟﺨﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺮﻓﻴﺔ ﻋﺒﺮ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﻭﻓﺮﺕ‬
‫ﻋﻨﺎء ﺍﻻﻧﺘﻈﺎﺭ ﻟﺴﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﻃﻮﻳﻠﺔ‪ .‬ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺨﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﺗﺘﻴﺢ ﻟﻨﺎ ﺍﻟﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔ ﺑﺤﺴﺎﺑﺎﺗﻨﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﺃﺭﺑﻊ‬
‫ﻭﻋﺸﺮﻳﻦ ﺳﺎﻋﺔ‪ .‬ﺗﻤﻜﻨﻨﺎ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺨﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻣﻦ ﺇﻧﺠﺎﺯ ﻛﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﻣﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻛﺘﺤﻮﻳﻞ ﺍﻟﺮﺻﻴﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺣﺴﺎﺏ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺁﺧﺮ‪ ،‬ﻭﻓﺤﺺ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺮﺻﻴﺪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﻘﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﻭﺗﺴﺪﻳﺪ ﺍﻟﻔﻮﺍﺗﻴﺮ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻷﻣﻮﺍﻝ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻷﺳﻬﻢ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻨﺪﺍﺕ ﻭﺻﻨﺎﺩﻳﻖ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ‪ .‬ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖ ﻛﻨﺎ ﻧﺨﺘﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﻚ ﺍﻷﻗﺮﺏ ﻟﻨﺎ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺠﺎﻭﺭ ﻟﻤﻨﺰﻟﻨﺎ ﺃﻭ ﻋﻤﻠﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﻊ ﺍﻧﺘﺸﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺨﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺮﻓﻴﺔ ﺍﻹﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺃﺻﺒﺢ ﺑﺈﻣﻜﺎﻧﻨﺎ‬
‫ﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﺍﻷﻓﻀﻞ ﺧﺪﻣﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﻗﻞ ﺗﻜﻠﻔﺔ ﺑﻐﺾ ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺮ ﻋﻦ ﻣﻮﻗﻌﻪ‪ .‬ﻣﻤﺎ ﻳﺘﻴﺢ ﻟﻨﺎ ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎء ﺍﻟﺒﻨﻚ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﻠﺒﻲ ﺍﺣﺘﻴﺎﺟﺎﺗﻨﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻧﺎﺣﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺨﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻡ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺤﺪ ﺍﻷﺩﻧﻰ ﻟﻺﻳﺪﺍﻉ‪.‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬
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 ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻨـــﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ ‪ -‬ﺍﻟـﻌـﺪﺩ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ ‪) -‬ﻣﺎﺭﺱ ‪3 - (2011‬‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻻﺩﺧﺎﺭ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻟﻌﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺗﺘﺤﺪﻯ ﺑﻬﺎ ﺃﺳﺮﺗﻚ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭ ﺗﻨﺎﻓﺲ‬ ‫ﺇﻧﻔﺎﻕ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻝ‪ ،‬ﺑﻞ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺤﺪﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺩﻳﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺴﺐ‬
‫ﺑﻬﺎ ﺃﺻﺪﻗﺎءﻙ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤُﻔﺘﺮﺽ ﺇﻧﻔﺎﻗﻬﺎ ﺧﻼﻝ ﻓﺘﺮﺓ ﺯﻣﻨﻴﺔ ﻣﺤﺪﺩﺓ‪.‬‬
‫ﺃﻣﺮﺍ ً‬
‫ﺷﺎﻗﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻜﻨﻪ ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻳﺒﺪﻭ ﻭﺿﻊ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻧﻴﺔ ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﺑﻚ ً‬
‫‪‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺃﺑﺴﻂ ﻣﻤﺎ ﺗﺘﺨﻴﻞ‪ ،‬ﺑﻞ ﻫﻮ ﻣﻤﺘﻊ ﻭﻣﻔﻴﺪ ﻓﻲ ﻛﻞ‬
‫ﺍﻷﺣﻮﺍﻝ! ﺃﻭﻝ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻤﻴﺰ ﺍﻟﻤﻴﺰﺍﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺠﻴﺪﺓ ﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﺪﻗﺔ ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺇﻥ ﻟﻢ ﻳﻜﻦ ﻟﺪﻳﻚ ﺣﺴﺎﺏ ﻣﺼﺮﻓﻲ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺪ ﺁﻥ ﺍﻷﻭﺍﻥ ﻟﺘﻔﺘﺢ‬
‫ﺫﻛﺮ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺎﺻﻴﻞ‪ .‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺘﻀﻤﻦ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻧﻴﺘﻚ ﻛﺎﻓﺔ‬
‫ﺣﺴﺎﺑًﺎ‪ .‬ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺤﺴﺎﺑﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺮﻓﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻬﻤﺔ ﺑﺪﺍﻳﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺩﺧﻠﻚ ﺍﻟﺸﻬﺮﻱ‪ ،‬ﻭﺑﻨﻮﺩ‬
‫ﺗﺘﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻣﻊ ﻣﺘﻄﻠﺒﺎﺕ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻨﺎ‪ .‬ﻭﺇﻟﻰ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺒﻠﻎ ﺍﻟﺜﻤﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻹﻧﻔﺎﻕ ﻛﺎﻹﻳﺠﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺸﻬﺮﻱ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺨﺪﻣﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺄﻣﻴﻨﺎﺕ‪،‬‬
‫ﻋﺸﺮﺓ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻤﺮﻙ‪ ،‬ﺳﺘﺤﺘﺎﺝ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻛﻔﻴﻞ ﺃﻭ ﻭﻛﻴﻞ ﻛﻲ‬
‫ﻭﻣﺎ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺫﻟﻚ‪ .‬ﺑﻌﺪ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺴﺠﻞ ﻛﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺎﺻﻴﻞ‪ ،‬ﺍﻃﺮﺡ‬
‫ﺗﺘﻤﺘﻊ ﺑﺤﺴﺎﺑﻚ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺮﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺹ‪ .‬ﻭﺣﺘﻰ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻣﻨﺔ‬
‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻉ ﻧﻔﻘﺎﺗﻚ ﻣﻦ ﺇﺟﻤﺎﻟﻲ ﺩﺧﻠﻚ ﺍﻟﺸﻬﺮﻱ‪ .‬ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ‬
‫ﻋﺸﺮﺓ‪ ،‬ﻳُﻨﺴﺐ ﺍﻟﺤﺴﺎﺏ ﺇﻟﻴﻚ ﻭﻳﻤﻜﻨﻚ ﺇﺟﺮﺍء ﻛﺎﻓﺔ‬
‫ﻣﺪﺧﺮﺍﺗﻚ – ﺃﻱ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﻕ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻤﻴﻦ – ﺭﻗﻤًﺎ ”ﻣﻮﺟﺒًﺎ“‪،‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﻣﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻭﻋﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﻮﺩﺍﺋﻊ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺃﺟﻬﺰﺓ‬
‫ﺃﻣﺎ ﺇﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻓﻬﺬﻩ ﺑﺪﺍﻳﺔ ﺭﺍﺋﻌﺔ ﻟﺘﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﺃﻫﺪﺍﻓﻚ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺩﻳﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺼﺮﻑ ﺍﻵﻟﻲ‪ .‬ﻭﻫﺬﻩ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺍﻟﺤﺴﺎﺑﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬
‫ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻢ ”ﺳﺎﻟﺒًﺎ“‪ ،‬ﻓﻬﺬﺍ ﻳﻌﻨﻲ ﺃﻥ ﻧﻔﻘﺎﺗﻚ ﻗﺪ ﺗﺠﺎﻭﺯﺕ‬
‫ﺗﺴﺘﻄﻴﻊ ﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻨﺎﺳﺒﻚ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‪:‬‬
‫ﺇﻳﺮﺍﺩﺍﺗﻚ! ﻭﻓﻲ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻟﺔ ﻳﺠﺐ ﻣﺮﺍﺟﻌﺔ ﺑﻨﻮﺩ ﺍﻹﻧﻔﺎﻕ‬
‫ﻟﻜﻲ ﺗﺤﺪﺩ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻤﻜﻨﻚ ﺑﻞ ﻭﻣﺎ ﻳﺠﺐ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻐﻨﺎء ﻋﻨﻪ ﺗﻤﺎﻣًﺎ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .1‬ﺍﻟﺤﺴﺎﺏ ﺍﻷﺳﺎﺳﻲ‪ :‬ﻳﻨﺤﺼﺮ ﺩﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﺤﺴﺎﺏ ﻓﻲ ﺩﻓﻊ‬
‫ﻛﺮﺭ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﺤﺺ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﺩﻭﺭﻱ ﺣﺘﻰ ﺗﺰﻳﺪ ﺑﻨﻮﺩ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻔﻮﺍﺗﻴﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺼﺮﻭﻓﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻣﻴﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﻻ ﻳﺘﻄﻠﺐ ﻓﺘﺢ ﻫﺬﺍ‬
‫ﺍﻹﻳﺮﺍﺩﺍﺕ ﻋﻦ ﺑﻨﻮﺩ ﺍﻟﻨﻔﻘﺎﺕ‪ .‬ﻗﺪ ﻳﺘﻄﻠﺐ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﺑﻌﺾ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺤﺴﺎﺏ ﺣ ًﺪﺍ ﺃﺩﻧﻰ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﺻﻴﺪ‪ ،‬ﻟﻜﻦ ﺇﻳﺪﺍﻋﺎﺗﻚ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻻ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ ﻟﺘﺤﺪﺩ ﻣﺎ ﻋﻠﻴﻚ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻐﻨﺎء ﻋﻨﻪ ﻓﻌﻠﻴًﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺳﺘﻼﺣﻆ‬
‫ﺗﺤﻘﻖ ﻟﻚ ﺃﻳﺔ ﻓﻮﺍﺋﺪ ﺳﻮﻯ ﺗﺴﻬﻴﻞ ﻣﻌﺎﻣﻼﺗﻚ‪.‬‬
‫ﻫﻨﺎ ﺃﻥ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﻮﺩ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻛﻨﺖ ﺗﻨﻔﻖ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻫﻲ ﺭﻓﺎﻫﻴﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻭﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﺍﺣﺘﻴﺎﺟﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﺬﺍ ﻳﻤﻜﻨﻚ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻐﻨﺎء ﻋﻨﻬﺎ ﻟﺘﺮﻓﻊ‬
‫‪ .2‬ﺍﻟﺤﺴﺎﺏ ﺫﻭ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺋﺪﺓ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺋﺪ‪ :‬ﻳﺘﻄﻠﺐ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻉ‬
‫ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺤﺴﺎﺑﺎﺕ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺣﺪ ﺃﺩﻧﻰ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﺻﻴﺪ ﻛﻲ ﺗُﺤﺴﺐ‬ ‫ﻧﺴﺒﺔ ﺍﺩﺧﺎﺭﻙ‪.‬‬
‫ﻟﻚ ﻓﺎﺋﺪﺓ‪ .‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﺃﻥ ﻧﺴﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺋﺪﺓ ﺗﺘﻨﻮﻉ ﻭﺗﺘﻐﻴﺮ ً‬
‫ﻭﻓﻘﺎ‬
‫ﻟﻤﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﺍﻟﺮﺻﻴﺪ ﺍﻟﺸﻬﺮﻱ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺤﺴﺎﺏ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ E‬ﺍﺑﺪﺃ ﺍﻵﻥ‬
‫ﻣﺘﺄﺧﺮﺍ‬
‫ً‬ ‫ﺇﻥ ﻟﻢ ﺗﺒﺪﺃ ﺍﻵﻥ‪ ،‬ﻓﺮﺑﻤﺎ ﻟﻦ ﺗﺒﺪﺃ ﺃﺑ ًﺪﺍ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭ ﻗﺪ ﺗﺒﺪﺃ‬
‫‪ .3‬ﺍﻟﺤﺴﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺘﺮﻙ‪ :‬ﻳﺠﻤﻊ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺤﺴﺎﺏ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﻻ ﺗﻠﺘﻔﺖ‬ ‫ﺃﻣﺮﺍ ﺻﻌﺒًﺎ!‬
‫ﻓﻴﺼﺒﺢ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻘﻼﻝ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺩﻱ ً‬
‫ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺨﻴﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﻭﺃﻫﻢ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻤﻴﺰﻩ ﻫﻮ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻣﻠﻜﻴﺔ ﻣﺸﺘﺮﻛﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻌﻘﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺳﺘﻌﺘﺮﺽ ﻃﺮﻳﻘﻚ‪ ،‬ﻓﻬﻲ ﺃﻣﺮ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ! ﺑﻞ‬
‫ﺑﻴﻦ ﻓﺮﺩﻳﻦ ﻟﻜﻞ ﻣﻨﻬﻤﺎ ﺍﻷﺣﻘﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﺤﺴﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﻳﻤﻜﻨﻚ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻀﻔﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ً‬
‫ﺷﻴﺌﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺡ ﻓﺘﺤﻮﻝ‬

‫‪‬‬
‫ﺧﻼﺻــــﺎﺕ ﻛﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺑﻴــــﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻢ‬

‫ﺗﻌﺘﻤﺪ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﻣﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﻄﺎﻗﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﺮﻑ ﺍﻵﻟﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭﺑﻄﺎﻗﺎﺕ ﺍﻻﺋﺘﻤﺎﻥ‪ .‬ﻭﻳﻘﻊ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻢ ﺣﻮﺍﻟﻲ ‪ 1000‬ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪﺓ! ﻭﺭﻏﻢ ﺍﻟﻔﻮﺍﺋﺪ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺴﻬﻴﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻘﺪﻣﻬﺎ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺒﻄﺎﻗﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﻧﻬﺎ ﺗﺠﻠﺐ ﻣﻌﻬﺎ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﻜﻼﺕ‪ .‬ﻓﻤﻦ ﺃﻫﻢ ﻣﺎ ﻋﻠﻴﻚ‬
‫ﺗﻌﻠﻤﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻄﻮﺍﺕ ﻟﺘﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻘﻼﻝ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺩﻱ ﻫﻲ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺔ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺒﻄﺎﻗﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺤﻜﻢ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﻓﺒﻤﺠﺮﺩ ﺣﺼﻮﻟﻚ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﺣﺴﺎﺏ ﻓﻲ ﺃﺣﺪ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﻮﻙ‪ ،‬ﺳﻴﻤﻨﺤﻚ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﻚ ﺑﻄﺎﻗﺔ ﺻﺮﺍﻑ ﺁﻟﻲ ﺃﻭ ﺑﻄﺎﻗﺔ ﺣﺴﻢ ﺃﻭ ﺑﻄﺎﻗﺔ ﺍﺋﺘﻤﺎﻥ‪ .‬ﻭﺗﻨﺘﺸﺮ ﻣﺎﻛﻴﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﺮﻑ ﺍﻵﻟﻲ‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻷﻣﺎﻛﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺰﺩﺣﻤﺔ ﻭﻓﻲ ﻛﻞ ﺍﻷﺳﻮﺍﻕ‪ .‬ﻭﺣﻴﻦ ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﺑﻄﺎﻗﺔ ﺻﺮﻑ ﺁﻟﻲ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺗﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻟﻠﺒﻨﻚ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺗﺘﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﻌﻪ‪ ،‬ﺗﻀﺎﻑ ﺇﻟﻰ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺎﻟﻎ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺴﺤﺒﻬﺎ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﺃﺧﺮﻯ ﺗﻌﺮﻑ ﺑـ”ﺗﻜﻠﻔﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻣﻞ“ ﺃﻭ ”ﻋﺐء ﺍﻟﻤﻄﺎﺑﻘﺔ“ ﻭﻫﻲ ﺗﺘﺮﺍﻭﺡ ﺑﻴﻦ ‪ 1.50‬ﺇﻟﻰ ‪2.50‬‬
‫ﺩﻭﻻﺭﺍ! ﻭﻟﺤﺴﻦ ﺍﻟﺤﻆ‪ ،‬ﺗﻠﺘﺰﻡ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﻮﻙ ﻭﺍﻟﺠﻬﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺪﻳﺮ ﺑﻄﺎﻗﺘﻚ –‬
‫ً‬ ‫ﺩﻭﻻﺭﺍ‪ .‬ﻭﻗﺪ ﺗﺼﻞ ﺗﻜﻠﻔﺔ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺨﺪﻣﺔ ﺃﺣﻴﺎ ًﻧﺎ ﺇﻟﻰ ‪20‬‬
‫ً‬

‫‪4‬‬ ‫ﻭﺑﺤﻜﻢ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻥ – ﺑﺈﺷﻌﺎﺭﻙ ﺑﻘﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻡ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺇﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﻣﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﻛﻲ ﻳﺘﺴﻨﻰ ﻟﻚ ﻗﺒﻮﻟﻬﺎ ﺃﻭ ﺭﻓﻀﻬﺎ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﻣﺎﻛﻴﻨﺔ ﺃﺧﺮﻯ‪.‬‬

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 ‫ﻳﻬﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﺜﻴﺮ ﻣﻦ‬ ‫‪ E‬ﺭﺍﺟﻊ ﺗﻘﺎﺭﻳﺮﻙ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﻤﺮﺍﺭ‪:‬‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻻﻧﺘﻔﺎﻉ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﻣﺘﺴﺎﻭ‪ .‬ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﻳﻌﻨﻲ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﺤﺴﺎﺏ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺴﻨـــﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ ‪ -‬ﺍﻟـﻌـﺪﺩ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ ‪) -‬ﻣﺎﺭﺱ ‪3 - (2011‬‬

‫ﺍﻷﺷﺨﺎﺹ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺎﺭﻳﺮ ﺍﻟﺸﻬﺮﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺼﻠﻬﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﻚ‬ ‫ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺑﻴﻨﻚ ﻭﺑﻴﻦ ﺃﺣﺪ ﻭﺍﻟﺪﻳﻚ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭ ﻣﻊ ﺃﺣﺪ‬
‫ﻭﻛﺄﻧﻬﺎ ﺗﻘﺎﺭﻳﺮ ﺃﻭ ﻗﻮﺍﺋﻢ ﻣﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺬﻛﺮﻯ! ﺍﻗﺮﺃ ﺗﻘﺎﺭﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﺃﺧﻮﺗﻚ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﻨﻚ ﺑﻤﺠﺮﺩ ﻭﺻﻮﻟﻬﺎ ﻭﻗﺎﺭﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﺸﻴﻜﺎﺗﻚ ﻭﻣﺼﺮﻭﻓﺎﺗﻚ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﻻ ﺗﺘﺮﺩﺩ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺮﺍﺟﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﻚ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻣﺎ ﻭﺟﺪﺕ ﺗﻜﺎﻟﻴﻒ ﺃﻭ‬ ‫‪ .4‬ﺍﻟﺤﺴﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﻊ‪ :‬ﻳﻘﺘﻀﻲ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺤﺴﺎﺏ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺘﻢ‬
‫ﻣﺼﺎﺭﻳﻒ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﺘﻮﻗﻌﺔ ﺃﻭ ﻻ ﺗﺘﺬﻛﺮﻫﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻓﺔ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺗﻚ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﻣﻨﺎﻓﺬ ﺍﻟﺼﺮﻑ ﺍﻵﻟﻲ‬
‫ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻬﺎﺗﻒ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ‪ .‬ﻭﻫﻮ ﻳﺘﻄﻠﺐ ﺣ ًﺪﺍ ﺃﺩﻧﻰ ﻣﻦ‬
‫‪ E‬ﺍﻋﺘﻤﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﻜﻨﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺎ‪ :‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺮﻏﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﺻﻴﺪ ﻣﻘﺎﺭﻧﺔ ﺑﻐﻴﺮﻩ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺤﺴﺎﺑﺎﺕ‪.‬‬
‫ﻧﻘﻮﺩﻙ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﻚ ﺁﻣﻨﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺣﺪ ﻛﺒﻴﺮ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﻧﻪ ﻣﺎ ﺯﺍﻝ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﻣﺴﺆﻭﻟﻴﺘﻚ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺘﺤﻘﻖ ﻣﻦ ﺳﻼﻣﺔ ﻭﺻﺤﺔ ﺳﺠﻼﺗﻚ‬ ‫ﺧﺼﻴﺼﺎ ﻷﺻﺤﺎﺏ‬‫ً‬ ‫ﺻﻤﻢ‬‫‪ .5‬ﺍﻟﺤﺴﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺠﺎﺭﻱ‪ُ :‬‬
‫ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻬﺎﺗﻒ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺮﻓﻴﺔ ﺑﺎﻧﺘﻈﺎﻡ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺧﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﻭﺩﺓ‪ .‬ﻳﺘﻢ ﻓﺘﺤﻪ ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﺭﺳﻮﻡ ﻗﻠﻴﻠﺔ ً‬
‫ﻃﺒﻘﺎ‬
‫ﻟﻤﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﺭﺻﻴﺪﻙ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺸﻴﻜﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻘﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻏﻴﺮﻫﺎ ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻘﻮﺍﻧﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻳﻔﺮﺿﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﻚ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﻛﺰﻱ ﻓﻲ ﻛﻞ ﺩﻭﻟﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﻣﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺻﺔ ﺑﺤﺴﺎﺑﻚ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .6‬ﺍﻟﺤﺴﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﻲ‪ :‬ﺗﻮﻓﺮ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﻮﻙ ﺣﺴﺎﺑﺎﺕ‬
‫‪ E‬ﺗﺠﻨﺐ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻡ ﺍﻹﺿﺎﻓﻴﺔ‪ :‬ﻋﻨﺪ ﻗﺮﺍءﺗﻚ ﻟﻠﺘﻘﺮﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻄﻠﺒﺔ ﺗﺸﺒﻪ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺣﺪ ﻛﺒﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﺤﺴﺎﺑﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﺳﺎﺳﻴﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺸﻬﺮﻱ‪ ،‬ﺭﺍﺟﻊ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔ ﺑﺘﺤﺼﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﻜﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﻔﺮﺽ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺭﺳﻮﻣًﺎ ﻣﺨﻔﻀﺔ ﺟ ًﺪﺍ ﻷﻧﻬﺎ ﺗﺨﺪﻡ ﺍﻟﺸﺒﺎﺏ‬
‫ﻭﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﺼﺮﺍﻑ ﺍﻵﻟﻲ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭ ﺑﻄﺎﻗﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺨﺼﻢ‪ .‬ﻭﻟﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﻤﻼء ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﺒﻞ‪.‬‬
‫ﻳﻌﺪ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﻣﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺴﺎﻋﺪﻙ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻜﻢ ﻓﻲ ﺭﺻﻴﺪﻙ ﺑﻤﺮﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ ﻭﺗﺠﻨﺐ‬ ‫‪‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻡ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺼﺎﺭﻳﻒ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻀﺮﻭﺭﻳﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﻗﺪﺭﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻝ ﻷﺣﺪ ﺍﻷﺷﺨﺎﺹ ﻧﻘ ًﺪﺍ ﻭﺗﺴﺘﻠﻢ‬
‫ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﺗﺪﻓﻊ ً‬
‫ﺳﺠﻞ ﻣﻌﺎﻣﻼﺗﻚ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻝ‪ :‬ﺗﻌﻮﺩ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺪﻭﻥ ﻭﺗﻮﺛﻖ‬
‫‪ E‬ﱢ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻗﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺤﻘﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻬﻞ ﺗﻌﺪ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻮﺩ ﻟﻠﺘﺄﻛﺪ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﻛﺎﻓﺔ ﻣﻌﺎﻣﻼﺗﻚ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺳﺠﻞ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﻜﺎﺕ ﻭﻓﻲ ﻣﻠﻔﺎﺕ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻃﺒﻌًﺎ ﺳﺘﺠﻴﺐ ﺑـ”ﻧﻌﻢ“!‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﻼﻣﻚ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﻠﻎ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴﺢ؟‬
‫ﻣﻤﺎ ﻳﺴﻬﻞ ﻋﻠﻴﻚ ﻣﻮﺍﺯﻧﺔ ﺭﺻﻴﺪﻙ ﻭﺗﺘﺒﻊ ﺍﻷﺑﻮﺍﺏ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﻠﻤﺎﺫﺍ ﺇﺫﻥ ﺗﻬﻤﻞ ﺗﺪﻗﻴﻖ ﺣﺴﺎﺑﺎﺗﻚ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺮﻓﻴﺔ! ﻓﺈﻥ ﻟﻢ‬
‫ﺗﻨﻔﻖ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺃﻭ ﺗﻨﺘﻘﻞ ﺇﻟﻴﻬﺎ ﻧﻘﻮﺩﻙ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺮﻑ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﻣﺎ ﺗﻤﻠﻜﻪ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺎﻝ‪ ،‬ﻓﻜﻴﻒ ﺗﺤﺪﺩ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ‬
‫ﻣﺼﺮﻭﻓﺎﺗﻚ ﻭﻣﺪﺧﺮﺍﺗﻚ ﻭﻛﻴﻒ ﺳﺘﺤﻘﻖ ﺃﻫﺪﺍﻓﻚ؟ ﻫﺬﻩ‬
‫‪ E‬ﺍﺣﺘﻔﻆ ﺑﻨﺴﺨﺔ ﻟﻜﻞ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ‪ :‬ﺗﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺦ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﺑﻮﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﺨﻄﻮﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻬﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺳﺘﺴﺎﻋﺪﻙ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ‬
‫ً‬
‫ﺳﺠﻼ ﻓﻮﺭﻳًﺎ ﻟﻜﺎﻓﺔ ﻣﻌﺎﻣﻼﺗﻚ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔ ﺑﺘﺪﻭﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﺮﺍﻗﺒﺔ ﺣﺴﺎﺑﺎﺗﻚ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺮﻓﻴﺔ‪:‬‬
‫ﺧﻼﺻــــﺎﺕ ﻛﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺑﻴــــﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻢ‬

‫‪‬‬

‫ﻛﺜﻴﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﻳﻐﺮﻗﻮﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﻜﻼﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺪﻳﻮﻥ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﺔ ﻓﺸﻠﻬﻢ ﻓﻲ ﻗﺮﺍءﺓ – ﺃﻭ ﺣﺘﻰ ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺔ – ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺎﺻﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﺼﻐﻴﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗُﻄﺒﻊ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﺛﺎﺋﻖ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻭﺽ ﺃﻭ ﺍﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﻄﺎﻗﺎﺕ ﺍﻻﺋﺘﻤﺎﻧﻴﺔ‪ .‬ﻓﻠﻤﺎﺫﺍ – ﻓﻲ ﺭﺃﻳﻚ – ﺗﻜﺘﺐ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻷﺭﻗﺎﻡ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻼﺣﻈﺎﺕ ﺑﺨﻂ ﺻﻐﻴﺮ‬
‫ﺟ ًﺪﺍ؟! ﻫﻞ ﺗﺴﻌﻰ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﻟﺘﻮﻓﻴﺮ ﺍﻷﻭﺭﺍﻕ ﺣﺮﺻﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻝ؟! ﺑﺎﻟﻄﺒﻊ ﻻ؛ ﻓﻜﻞ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻧﻪ ﻫﻮ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻘﻞ ﻋﺪﺩ ﻣﻦ ﻳﻘﺮﺅﻭﻥ‬
‫ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﻮﺩ ﻗﺪﺭ ﺍﻹﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﺣﺘﻰ ﻳﺮﺗﻜﺒﻮﺍ ﺍﻷﺧﻄﺎء ﺩﻭﻥ ﻭﻋﻲ ﺃﻭ ﺇﺩﺭﺍﻙ ﻣﻤﺎ ﻳﻤﻨﺢ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺤﻖ ﻓﻲ ﺗﻘﺎﺿﻲ ﻣﺰﻳﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﻮﺍﺋﺪ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻡ! ﻫﺬﺍ ﻟﻴﺲ ﺍﺗﻬﺎﻣًﺎ ﻟﻜﻞ ﺷﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺄﻣﻴﻦ ﻭﺍﻻﺋﺘﻤﺎﻥ ﺑﺨﺪﺍﻉ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻼء‪ .‬ﻓﻬﻨﺎﻙ ﺷﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺗﺤﻜﻤﻬﺎ ﺍﻷﺧﻼﻕ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻴﻢ ﻭﺗﻤﻨﻌﻬﺎ‬
‫ﻣﻦ ﻓﺮﺽ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺍﻣﺎﺕ ﺇﻻ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻦ ﻳﺴﺘﺤﻘﻮﻧﻬﺎ ﻭﻳﻨﺘﻬﻜﻮﻥ ﺑﻨﻮﺩ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﺪ ﻋﻦ ﻋﻤﺪ‪ .‬ﻭﻟﻜﻨﻨﺎ ﻧﺸﻴﺮ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ ﻟﻨﻠﻔﺖ ﺍﻧﺘﺒﺎﻫﻚ‬
‫ﺇﻟﻰ ﺃﻫﻤﻴﺔ ﻗﺮﺍءﺓ ﺗﻔﺎﺻﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻮﺩ ﺍﻟﺪﻗﻴﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻳﺘﻐﺎﺿﻰ ﻋﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻜﺜﻴﺮﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﻟﻰ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺴﺪﺍﺩ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﻋﺪ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﺩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺍﻡ‪.‬‬
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 ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻨـــﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ ‪ -‬ﺍﻟـﻌـﺪﺩ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ ‪) -‬ﻣﺎﺭﺱ ‪3 - (2011‬‬ ‫ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﺑﺄﻥ ﻳﺨﺴﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺘﺮﺽ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﻴﻜﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﺤﻮﺑﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﻣﻤﺎ ﻳﺴﻬﻞ ﻣﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻧﻔﻘﺎﺗﻚ‬
‫ﺑﻤﺮﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ ﺩﻓﻊ ﻓﻮﺍﺋﺪ ﺿﺨﻤﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺤﻜﻢ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺤﻘﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﻘﺮﺽ )ﺍﻟﺒﻨﻚ(! ﻭﻫﻨﺎ ﻳﻔﻘﺪ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻤﺪﻓﻮﻉ‬
‫ﻟﺴﺪﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻮﻥ ﻗﻴﻤﺘﻪ ﻷﻧﻪ ﻻ ﻳﺤﻘﻖ ﻋﻮﺍﺋﺪ ﻭﻓﻮﺍﺋﺪ‪ ،‬ﻭﻻ‬ ‫‪ E‬ﺍﺩﻓﻊ ﻧﻘ ًﺪﺍ‪ :‬ﻳﺴﻬﻢ ﺍﻻﻋﺘﻤﺎﺩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻮﺩ ﺍﻟﻮﺭﻗﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺍﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭﻩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺷﺮﺍء ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻊ ﺍﻟﺒﺴﻴﻄﺔ – ﻛﺎﻟﻮﻗﻮﺩ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻄﻌﺎﻡ ﺃﻭ ﻣﺎ ﺇﻟﻰ‬
‫ﺫﻟﻚ – ﻓﻲ ﺗﻘﻠﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﻣﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺮﻓﻴﺔ ﻭﻳﺴﺎﻋﺪ ﻓﻲ‬
‫‪‬‬ ‫ﺗﻘﻠﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻡ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺤﻜﻢ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺮﺻﻴﺪ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻟﻲ‪.‬‬

‫ﻓﻲ ﻣﺠﺘﻤﻊ ﻳﻌﺞ ﺑﺎﻹﻋﻼﻧﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻠﻊ‪ ،‬ﻳﺰﺩﺍﺩ ﻋﺪﺩ‬ ‫‪‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻬﻠﻜﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﻻ ﻳﺴﺘﻄﻴﻌﻮﻥ ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺔ ﺍﻹﻏﺮﺍءﺍﺕ ﻭﻻ‬
‫ﻳﻔﺮﻗﻮﻥ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻻﺣﺘﻴﺎﺟﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺮﻓﺎﻫﻴﺎﺕ‪ .‬ﻭﺭﻏﻢ ﺍﻟﺮﻓﺎﻫﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺪﻓﻊ ﻟﻚ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﻮﻙ ﻓﻮﺍﺋﺪ ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﺍﺩﺧﺎﺭ ﺃﻣﻮﺍﻟﻚ ﻟﺪﻳﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﻓﺄﻧﺖ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺟﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻳﺸﻌﺮ ﺑﻬﺎ ﺣﺎﻣﻠﻮ ﺍﻟﺒﻄﺎﻗﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﻧﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺼﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﺎﺋﺪ ﻷﻧﻚ ﻟﻢ ﺗﺼﺮﻑ ﺃﻣﻮﺍﻟﻚ ﻭﺗﺮﻛﺘﻬﺎ‬
‫ﻣﺼﺪﺭﺍ ﻟﻤﺸﻜﻼﺕ ﻻ ﺣﺼﺮ ﻟﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻷﻧﻚ ﻓﻲ ﻛﻞ‬
‫ً‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺩﻳﻌﺔ ﻟﺪﻯ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﻚ‪ .‬ﻭﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﻓﺈﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﻚ ﻳﻬﺘﻢ ﺑﻮﺩﺍﺋﻌﻚ‬
‫ﻣﺮﺓ ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﻬﺎ ﺗﺴﺤﺐ ً‬
‫ﻗﺮﺿﺎ ﻭﺍﺟﺐ ﺍﻟﺪﻓﻊ‪ .‬ﻟﺬﻟﻚ ﻳﺠﺐ‬ ‫ﻛﻲ ﻳﻌﻴﺪ ﺇﻗﺮﺍﺿﻬﺎ ﻟﻄﺮﻑ ﺛﺎﻟﺚ‪ ،‬ﻭﻳﺤﻘﻖ ﻋﺎﺋ ًﺪﺍ ﻷﻧﻪ‬
‫ﺃﻥ ﺗﻌﺮﻑ ﻣﻔﺎﻫﻴﻢ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﺮﺷﻴﺪ ﻟﻬﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺒﻄﺎﻗﺎﺕ ﻗﺒﻞ‬ ‫ﻳﻔﺮﺽ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺘﺮﺽ ﺭﺳﻮﻣًﺎ ﺇﺿﺎﻓﻴﺔ ﻭﻧﺴﺐ ﻓﺎﺋﺪﺓ‬
‫ﺃﻥ ﺗﻬﻢ ﺑﺈﺧﺮﺍﺟﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺤﻔﻈﺘﻚ‪ .‬ﻭﻫﺬﻩ ﺑﻌﺾ ﻧﺼﺎﺋﺢ‬ ‫ﻭﻧﻈﺮﺍ ﻟﺠﻬﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻬﻠﻜﻴﻦ ﺑﺎﻟﻔﺮﻕ‬
‫ً‬ ‫ﺃﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻤﺎ ﻳﺪﻓﻊ ﻟﻚ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﺮﺷﻴﺪ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻻﺣﺘﻴﺎﺟﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺮﻓﺎﻫﻴﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﻓﻬﻢ ﻳﻌﻤﺪﻭﻥ ﺇﻟﻰ‬
‫ﺍﻗﺘﺮﺍﺽ ﺃﻣﻮﺍﻝ ﻛﺜﻴﺮﺓ ﻭﻷﺳﺒﺎﺏ ﺧﺎﻃﺌﺔ؛ ﺃﻱ ﻟﻤﺠﺮﺩ‬
‫‪ .1‬ﻛﻦ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﺪﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺆﻭﻟﻴﺔ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺗﻨﻔﻘﻪ ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺷﺮﺍء ﻣﺎ ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻧﻪ ﻻ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺤﺘﺎﺟﻮﻧﻪ! ﻭﻓﻲ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻟﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﺗﺪﻓﻊ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﻄﺎﻗﺔ ﻫﻮ ﻣﺎﻝ ﻓﻌﻠﻲ ﻭﻟﻴﺲ ً‬
‫ﻣﺎﻻ ﺑﻼﺳﺘﻴﻜﻴًﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻳﺼﺒﺢ ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺮﺍﺽ ً‬
‫ﻧﻘﻴﻀﺎ ﻟﻼﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭﻳﺼﺒﺢ ﺍﻟﺼﺮﻑ‬
‫ﻻ ﺗﻨﺠﺮﻑ ﻭﺭﺍء ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻄﺎﻗﺔ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺤﺪ ﺍﻟﺸﻬﺮﻱ‬ ‫ﻋﺪﻭﺍ ﻟﻼﺩﺧﺎﺭ‪.‬‬
‫ً‬
‫ﺍﻷﻗﺼﻰ ﻟﻬﺎ ﻻ ﻳﺘﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻣﻊ ﺇﻣﻜﺎﻧﺎﺗﻚ ﻭﻣﺎ ﻳﻤﻜﻨﻚ ﺳﺪﺍﺩﻩ‪.‬‬
‫ﺃﺣﻴﺎ ًﻧﺎ ﺗﺘﺨﻄﻰ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺮﺍﺽ – ﺳﻮﺍء ﻣﻦ ﺷﺨﺺ‬
‫‪ .2‬ﻻ ﺗﺤﻤﻞ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻄﺎﻗﺔ‪ :‬ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻬﻢ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺘﺤﻜﻢ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ ﻣﺆﺳﺴﺔ – ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻠﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺨﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻊ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬
‫ﺑﻤﺸﺘﺮﻳﺎﺗﻚ ﻓﻼ ﺗﺘﺮﻛﻬﺎ ﺗﺘﺠﺎﻭﺯ ﺍﻟﺤﺪ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻘﻮﻝ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻳﺤﺼﻞ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺘﺮﺽ‪ .‬ﻭﻗﺪ ﺗﺘﺨﻄﻰ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺘﻜﻠﻔﺔ‬
‫ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﺴﺪﺩ ﺩﻳﻮﻧﻚ ﻭﻣﺴﺤﻮﺑﺎﺗﻚ ﺃﻭﻝ ﻛﻞ ﺷﻬﺮ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺗﻘﺪﻳﺮﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺘﺮﺽ ﺑﻤﺮﺍﺣﻞ‪ .‬ﻫﻞ ﺗﺘﺬﻛﺮ ”ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻤﺔ‬
‫ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻄﺎﻗﺔ ﺍﺋﺘﻤﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺳﺘﻔﻘﺪ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻄﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺰﻣﻨﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺎﻝ“ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺃﺷﺮﻧﺎ ﺇﻟﻴﻬﺎ ً‬
‫ﺳﺎﻟﻔﺎ؟ ﻓﻔﻲ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻟﺔ‬
‫ﻳﻨﻘﻠﺐ ﺍﻟﻮﺿﻊ ً‬
‫ﺑﺪﻻ ﻣﻦ ﻛﺴﺐ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻝ ﻣﻊ ﻣﺮﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ‬
‫ﻣﺼﺮﻭﻓﺎﺗﻚ ﻻ ﻣﺤﺎﻟﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﺧﻼﺻــــﺎﺕ ﻛﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺑﻴــــﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻢ‬

‫‪‬‬

‫ﺧﺼﻴﺼﺎ ﻟﻠﺤﻔﺎﻅ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺣﺘﻰ ﻳﺤﻴﻦ ﺳﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺎﻋﺪ‪ .‬ﺗﺘﺸﺎﺑﻪ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺤﺴﺎﺑﺎﺕ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺣﺪ‬
‫ً‬ ‫ﺻﻤﻤﺖ ﺣﺴﺎﺑﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺎﻋﺪ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺩﻳﺔ‬
‫ﻛﺒﻴﺮ ﻣﻊ ﺣﺴﺎﺑﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺴﺮﺓ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺜﻨﺎء ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﻀﺮﺍﺋﺐ ﻭﺍﻟﻐﺮﺍﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻔﺮﺽ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻨﺘﻬﻜﻲ ﺑﻨﻮﺩ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻮﺩ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺻﺔ ﺑﺤﺴﺎﺑﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺎﻋﺪ‪ .‬ﻳﺤﻖ ﻟﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻷﻓﺮﺍﺩ – ﻭﺣﺘﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺍﻫﻘﻴﻦ – ﺇﻧﺸﺎء ﻭﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺴﺎﺑﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺎﻋﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﻮﻙ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺆﺳﺴﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﻳﺸﺘﺮﻁ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻟﺼﺎﺣﺐ ﺍﻟﺤﺴﺎﺏ ﻭﻇﻴﻔﺔ ﺗﻮﻓﺮ ﻟﻪ ً‬
‫ﺩﺧﻼ ً‬
‫ﺛﺎﺑﺘﺎ ﻭﺧﺎﺿﻌًﺎ ﻟﻀﺮﻳﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﺪﺧﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺘﻈﻤﺔ‪ .‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺸﺘﺮﻁ‬
‫ﺃﻻ ﺗﺘﺠﺎﻭﺯ ﺇﺳﻬﺎﻣﺎﺗﻪ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺪ ﺍﻷﻗﺼﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺼﺺ ﻟﻜﻞ ﻋﺎﻡ‪ .‬ﻭﻣﻦ ﺃﺟﻞ ﺗﺠﻨﺐ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺍﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺨﺼﻮﻣﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ‬
‫ﺗﺘﺮﻙ ﺃﻣﻮﺍﻟﻚ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺴﺎﺑﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺎﻋﺪ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺩﻳﺔ ﺩﻭﻥ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻤﺴﻬﺎ ﺣﺘﻰ ﺗﺒﻠﻎ ﺳﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﺘﻴﻦ ﺃﻭ ﺗﻘﺘﺮﺏ ﻣﻨﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﺘﺆﻣﻦ ً‬
‫ﻣﻌﺎﺷﺎ ﻣﻨﺘﻈﻤًﺎ ﺗﻘﺒﻀﻪ‬
‫‪6‬‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻧﺘﻈﺎﻡ ﺣﺘﻰ ﻳﻮﺍﻓﻴﻚ ﺍﻷﺟﻞ ﺑﻌﺪ ﻋﻤﺮ ﻃﻮﻳﻞ‪.‬‬

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 ‫‪ E‬ﺍﻷﺳﻬﻢ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﻬﻢ ﻭﺭﻗﺔ ﻣﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺗﺜﺒﺖ ﻣﻠﻜﻴﺔ ﺻﺎﺣﺒﻬﺎ ﻟﺠﺰء ﻣﻦ ﺷﺮﻛﺔ‬
‫ﺃﻭ ﻣﺆﺳﺴﺔ ﻣﺎ‪ .‬ﺗﺼﺪﺭ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻷﺳﻬﻢ‬
‫ﻟﺠﻤﻊ ﺍﻷﻣﻮﺍﻝ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻳﻤﻜﻨﻬﺎ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﻬﺎ ﻷﻏﺮﺍﺽ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻄﻮﻳﺮ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭ ﻓﺘﺢ ﻣﺼﺎﻧﻊ ﺟﺪﻳﺪﺓ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ‬
‫ﻣﺰﻳﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﺎﻝ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻮﻇﻔﻴﻦ‪ .‬ﺗﻠﺠﺄ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺟﻤﻊ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻣﻮﺍﻝ ﻋﻦ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺮﺍﺽ – ﺳﻮﺍء ﻣﻦ ﺷﺨﺺ ﺃﻭ‬
‫ﻣﺆﺳﺴﺔ – ﺃﻭ ﺑﻴﻊ ﺃﺟﺰﺍء ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﻴﺌﺔ ﺃﺳﻬﻢ ﻣﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﺑﻤﺠﺮﺩ ﺣﺼﻮﻟﻚ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻷﺳﻬﻢ‪ ،‬ﺗﺤﺼﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﻣﻠﻜﻴﺔ ﺟﺰﺋﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺔ‪ .‬ﺃﻣﺎ ﻓﻦ ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎء ﺍﻷﺳﻬﻢ‬
‫ﻓﻴﻜﻤﻦ ﻓﻲ ﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺘﻤﺘﻊ ﺑﺴﺠﻼﺕ ﺟﻴﺪﺓ‬
‫ﻛﺎﻣﻼ ﻣﻊ ﺑﺪﺍﻳﺔ ﻛﻞ ﺷﻬﺮ ﺳﺘﺪﻓﻊ ﻏﺮﺍﻣﺔ ﻭﻓﺎﺋﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﺩﻳﻨﻚ‬
‫ﻭﻓﺮﺹ ﺃﻛﺒﺮ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻻﺯﺩﻫﺎﺭ ﻭﺯﻳﺎﺩﺓ ﻧﺴﺐ ﺍﻷﺭﺑﺎﺡ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﺑﻤﺠﺮﺩ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺮﺗﻔﻊ ﺳﻌﺮ ﺍﻟﺴﻬﻢ‪ ،‬ﻻ ﺗﺘﺮﺩﺩ ﻓﻲ ﺑﻴﻌﻪ ﻛﻲ‬
‫ﺗﺠﻨﻲ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻷﺭﺑﺎﺡ؛ ﺑﺸﺮﻁ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺒﻴﻌﻪ ﺑﺄﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺜﻤﻦ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺍﺷﺘﺮﻳﺘﻪ ﺑﻪ‪ .‬ﻭﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﻲ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺘﺠﻨﺐ ﺑﻴﻊ ﺍﻷﺳﻬﻢ‬
‫ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﺗﻨﺨﻔﺾ ﻗﻴﻤﺘﻬﺎ ﺣﺘﻰ ﻻ ﺗﺨﺴﺮ‪ .‬ﻭﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﻲ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ ﺇﺫﻥ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺴﺘﺜﻤﺮ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻷﺳﻬﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺪﻯ ﺍﻟﻄﻮﻳﻞ‬
‫ﻧﺴﺒﻴًﺎ ﺩﻭﻥ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻀﺎﺭﺏ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‪.‬‬
‫‪ E‬ﺻﻨﺎﺩﻳﻖ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ‬
‫ﺻﻨﺪﻭﻕ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ ﻫﻮ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﻣﺘﻨﻮﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﻭﺭﺍﻕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗُﺪﺍﺭ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺃﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﺃﻭ ﻣﺆﺳﺴﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﻧﻴﺎﺑﺔ‬
‫ﻋﻦ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺜﻤﺮﻳﻦ‪ .‬ﻳﺘﺤﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﺸﺨﺺ ﺃﻭ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺆﺳﺴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻔﻮﺿﺔ ﺑﺈﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺪﻭﻕ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻟﻲ ﻣﺴﺆﻭﻟﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻛﺜﻴﺮﺍ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ً‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻊ ﺍﻷﺳﻬﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺴﺘﺜﻤﺮﻳﻦ‪ .‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﺃﻥ‬
‫ﺻﻨﺎﺩﻳﻖ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ ﺗﺘﻴﺢ ﻟﻚ ﻓﺮﺻﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺪء ﺑﻤﺒﺎﻟﻎ ﻣﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺻﻐﻴﺮﺓ ﺣﺘﻰ ﺗﺘﻤﻜﻦ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ‬
‫ﻣﺘﻨﻮﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺇﻃﺎﺭ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺪﻭﻕ ﺩﻭﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻻﺿﻄﺮﺍﺭ ﻟﻼﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ ﻓﻲ ﺃﻭﺭﺍﻕ ﻣﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﺘﻔﺮﻗﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ‪ .‬ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺻﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻔﺮﻕ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻻﺩﺧﺎﺭ‬
‫‪ E‬ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺪﺍﺕ‬
‫ﻳﻘﺼﺪ ﺑﺎﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺪﺍﺕ ﺇﻋﺎﺭﺓ ﺃﻭ ﺇﻗﺮﺍﺽ ﺑﻌﺾ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻝ ﻟﺠﻬﺔ ﻣﺎ ﻭﻟﻔﺘﺮﺓ ﺯﻣﻨﻴﺔ ﻣﺤﺪﺩﺓ‪ .‬ﻓﺎﻟﺤﻜﻮﻣﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﺒﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺜﺎﻝ ﺗﺼﺪﺭ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺪﺍﺕ ﻟﻜﻲ ﺗﺠﻤﻊ ﺍﻷﻣﻮﺍﻝ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻼﺯﻣﺔ ﻟﺒﻨﺎء ﻃﺮﻕ ﻭﻣﺪﺍﺭﺱ ﺟﺪﻳﺪﺓ‪ .‬ﻭﻛﻐﻴﺮﻫﺎ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻭﺽ‪ ،‬ﻳﺪﻓﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺘﺮﺽ ﻟﺼﺎﺣﺐ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺪ ﻓﻮﺍﺋﺪ ﺗُﻘﺪﺭ‬
‫ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﺗﺸﺘﺮﻱ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﺤﺪﺩ ﻧﺴﺒﺘﻬﺎ ً‬
‫ﻭﻓﻘﺎ ﻟﻘﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺽ‪.‬‬
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‫‪ .3‬ﺿﻊ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻧﻴﺘﻚ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﺑﻄﺎﻗﺘﻚ‪ :‬ﻻ ﺗﺸﺘﺮ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﻨـــﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ ‪ -‬ﺍﻟـﻌـﺪﺩ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ ‪) -‬ﻣﺎﺭﺱ ‪3 - (2011‬‬
‫ﻛﻞ ﻣﺎ ﺗﺮﻳﺪ ﻣﻌﺘﻤ ًﺪﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﻄﺎﻗﺘﻚ؛ ﻛﻲ ﻻ ﺗﻔﺎﺟﺄ ﺑﻌﺪﻡ‬
‫ﻗﺪﺭﺗﻚ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﺪﺍﺩ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﻋﺪ‪ .‬ﻻ ﺗﻨﺘﻈﺮ ﺣﺘﻰ ﺗﺼﻠﻚ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻄﺎﻟﺒﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﺑﻞ ﺍﺩﺧﻞ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺭﺻﻴﺪﻙ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ‬
‫ﻭﺗﻮﻗﻒ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺼﺮﻑ ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﺗﻘﺘﺮﺏ ﻣﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻨﻔﺎﺩ‬
‫ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻧﻴﺘﻚ ﺍﻟﺸﻬﺮﻳﺔ ﺇﻻ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻻﺕ ﺍﻟﻄﻮﺍﺭﺉ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .4‬ﺳﺪﺩ ﺩﻳﻮﻧﻚ ﻛﻠﻬﺎ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻘﺘﺮﺽ ﻏﻴﺮﻫﺎ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﺴﺪﺍﺩ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺄﺧﺮ ﻟﻠﺪﻳﻦ – ﻭﻟﻮ ﺑﻴﻮﻡ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ – ﻳﻜﻠﻔﻚ ﺍﻟﻜﺜﻴﺮ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻡ ﺍﻹﺿﺎﻓﻴﺔ ﻭﻳﺴﺘﻨﺰﻑ ﺭﺻﻴﺪﻙ‪ .‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﻟﻢ ﺗﺴﺪﺩ‬
‫ً‬
‫ﻣﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻓﻮﺭﻳﺔ ﻭﻟﻦ ﺗﺘﺤﻜﻢ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻧﻴﺘﻚ‪.‬‬
‫ﺭﻏﻢ ﺃﻥ ﺑﻄﺎﻗﺎﺕ ﺍﻻﺋﺘﻤﺎﻥ ﺗﻘﺪﻡ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻬﻴﻼﺕ‬
‫ﻭﺗﺴﺎﻋﺪ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻮﻳﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺭﻏﻢ ﺃﻧﻬﺎ ﺗﺴﺎﻋﺪ‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺿﺒﻂ ﺳﺠﻼﺕ ﺍﻻﺋﺘﻤﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺸﺨﺼﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﻥ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﻄﺎﻗﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﻼﺳﺘﻴﻜﻴﺔ ﻳﻤﻬﺪ ﺃﻗﺼﺮ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻕ ﻟﻠﻐﺮﻕ ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻘﻮﺩ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻛﻮﺍﺭﺙ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻳﺔ‪ .‬ﻓﻜﻦ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﻣﺴﺘﻮﻯ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺆﻭﻟﻴﺔ ﻭﺗﺤﻜﻢ ﺑﻤﺸﺘﺮﻳﺎﺗﻚ ﻭﻣﺪﻓﻮﻋﺎﺗﻚ‪.‬‬
‫‪‬‬
‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ ﻓﻲ ﺃﺑﺴﻂ ﻣﻌﺎﻧﻴﻪ ﻫﻮ ﺍﻻﺭﺗﻘﺎء ﺑﻘﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻝ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺗﻤﻠﻜﻪ ﻣﻊ ﻣﺮﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﻳﺤﻘﻖ ﺃﻫﺪﺍﻓﻚ‬
‫ﻭﺧﻄﻄﻚ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻮ ﻳﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻻﺩﺧﺎﺭ‪ .‬ﻳﻘﺼﺪ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻻﺩﺧﺎﺭ ﺟﻤﻊ ﻭﺗﻜﺪﻳﺲ ﻧﺴﺒﺔ ﻣﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺷﻲء ﻣﺎ ﻛﺎﻟﻤﺎﻝ‬
‫ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﺎﺭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﺒﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺜﺎﻝ‪ .‬ﻟﻜﻦ ﺍﻟﺠﺪﻳﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﺬﻛﺮ ﻫﻨﺎ‬
‫ﻫﻮ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺗﺪﺧﺮﻩ ﻳﺘﺤﻮﻝ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﻣﻊ‬
‫ﺃﻥ ﺍﻻﺩﺧﺎﺭ ﻟﻴﺲ ﺑﺎﻟﻀﺮﻭﺭﺓ ﺿﺮﺑًﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺿﺮﻭﺏ‬
‫ﺧﻼﺻــــﺎﺕ ﻛﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺑﻴــــﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻢ‬
‫ﻭﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ ﺗﻜﻤﻦ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﻳﻌﺮﻑ ﺑـ”ﻧﺴﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺋﺪ“؛‬
‫ﺃﻱ ﺗﻠﻚ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺗﺠﻨﻴﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ‬
‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ ﻭﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺗﻈﻞ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻷﻣﻮﺍﻝ ﻗﻴﺪ‬
‫ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ‪ .‬ﻓﺤﻴﻦ ﺗﺴﺘﺜﻤﺮ ﺃﻣﻮﺍﻟﻚ ﻓﻲ ﺳﻠﻌﺔ ﻣﺎ‪،‬‬
‫ﻓﺈﻧﻚ ﺗﺘﻮﻗﻊ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺒﻴﻌﻬﺎ ﺑﺄﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻤﺎ ﺩﻓﻌﺖ ﻓﻲ ﺷﺮﺍﺋﻬﺎ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﻧﺴﺘﻌﺮﺽ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺃﻫﻤﻬﺎ ﺍﻷﺳﻬﻢ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻨﺪﺍﺕ ﻭﺻﻨﺎﺩﻳﻖ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ‪:‬‬ ‫‪7‬‬
 3 - (2011 ‫ )ﻣﺎﺭﺱ‬- ‫ ﺍﻟـﻌـﺪﺩ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬- ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻨـــﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ‬ .“‫ ﻳﻄﻠﻖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﻠﻎ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺗﺪﻓﻌﻪ ”ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﻳﺔ‬،‫ﺳﻨ ًﺪﺍ‬
‫ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﺗﻘﻄﻊ ﺍﻟﺠﻬﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺪﺭﺓ ﻟﻠﺴﻨﺪﺍﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻧﻔﺴﻬﺎ ﻋﻬ ًﺪﺍ‬
‫ ﻭﺧﻼﻝ‬،‫ﺑﺴﺪﺍﺩ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺽ ﻓﻲ ﻓﺘﺮﺓ ﺯﻣﻨﻴﺔ ﻣﺤﺪﺩﺓ‬
‫ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺮﺓ ﻳﺴﺘﻔﻴﺪ ﺣﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﻮﺍﺋﺪ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻳﺤﺼﻞ‬
.“‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻳﻄﻠﻖ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ”ﺍﻟﻘﺴﻴﻤﺔ‬


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





‫ﺑﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﻵﻥ ﻭﻏﻴﱢﺮ ﺣﻴﺎﺗﻚ ﻭﻃﻮﺭ ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺍﺗﻚ ﻓﻲ ﺇﺩﺍﺭﺓ‬
‫ﺳﻴﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ ﺣﻠﻴﻔﻚ ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﺗﺒﺪﺃ‬ .‫ﺷﺆﻭﻧﻚ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬
‫ ﻗﻠﺖ ﺃﻫﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ‬،‫ﻭﻛﻠﻤﺎ ﻃﺎﻝ ﺍﻧﺘﻈﺎﺭﻙ‬ .‫ﻣﺒﻜﺮﺍ‬
ً
‫ ﺍﺟﻤﻊ ﻛﻞ ﻣﺎ ﺗﺴﺘﻄﻴﻊ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﺜﻤﺮﻩ ﻣﻬﻤﺎ ﻛﺎﻥ‬.‫ﻭﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺘﻪ‬
ً
‫ ﻭﻳﺤﻘﻖ ﻟﻚ‬،‫ ﻓﻤﺎ ﺗﺪﺧﺮﻩ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﺳﻴﻨﻤﻮ ﻏ ًﺪﺍ‬،‫ﺿﺌﻴﻼ‬
‫ ﺍﺳﺘﺸﺮ ﺃﻫﻠﻚ ﻭﺃﺻﺪﻗﺎءﻙ‬.‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻘﻼﻝ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺩﻱ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺸﻮﺩ‬
.‫ﻭﺍﻟﺨﺒﺮﺍء ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺘﺨﺼﺼﻴﻦ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻻﺩﺧﺎﺭ ﻭﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭ‬
،‫ﻓﺎﻟﺪﻭﻝ ﻭﺍﻷﺳﺮ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻳﺪﺧﺮ ﺃﺑﻨﺎﺅﻫﺎ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻤﺎ ﻳﻨﻔﻘﻮﻥ‬
.‫ﺗﻌﻴﺶ ﻫﻲ ﻭﺃﻫﻠﻬﺎ ﺑﻼ ﺩﻳﻮﻥ ﺃﻭ ﺳﺠﻮﻥ‬

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
 ‫ﻧﺸﺄ ﺍﻟﻤﺆﻟﻔﺎﻥ ﻭﺗﺮﻋﺮﻋﺎ ﻣﻌًﺎ ﻭﺗﻌﻠﻤﺎ ﻣﺒﺎﺩﺉ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﻮﻳﻞ‬

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ً ‫ﻧﺠﺎﺣﺎ‬
ً ‫ ﻭﻗﺪ ﺣﻘﻘﺎ‬.‫ﻭﺍﻻﺳﺘﻘﻼﻝ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺩﻱ ﻓﻲ ﺳﻦ ﻣﺒﻜﺮﺓ‬
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.‫ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ ﻋﻤﻠﻬﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﻭﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ‬
  “”
 ‫ﺣﺼﻞ ”ﻫﻮﻟﻤﺒﺮﺝ“ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺎﺟﺴﺘﻴﺮ ﺇﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻷﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﻣﻦ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ‬
 ‫”ﺩﻧﻔﺮ“؛ ﺑﻴﻨﻤﺎ ﺣﺼﻞ ”ﺑﺮﻭﺯﻳﺲ“ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺎﺟﺴﺘﻴﺮ ﺇﺩﺍﺭﺓ‬
 .“‫ﺍﻷﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﻣﻦ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ ”ﺃﺭﻳﺰﻭﻧﺎ‬


 

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‫ﺧﻼﺻــــﺎﺕ ﻛﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺑﻴــــﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻢ‬

 Author: Joshua Holmberg and David Bruzzese

  Title: The Teen’s Guide to Personal Finance:
        Basic Concepts in Personal Finance that
       
  Every Teen Should Know
        Publisher: iUniverse (July 21, 2008)

ISBN: 978-0595509690

 
 Pages: 94


6454 :  To read more about this book, use this link:
ISSN: 110/2357 http://www.amazon.com

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