MOMENTUM EQUATION AND ITS

APPLICATIONS
Er. Malay Mitra Chaubey
• 𝑝1 = 8 ⋅ 829 𝑁Τ𝑐 𝑚2 =8.829 × 104 𝑁Τ𝑚2 𝑝2 =5.45 x 104 𝑁Τ𝑚2
• Q=600 lit/s = 0.6 𝑚3 Τ𝑠 • Force on bend in X direction and Y
𝑄 0.6
direction are
• 𝑣1 = = = 2.1224 𝑚Τ𝑠
𝐴1 0⋅2827 Fx = ρQ(v1 - v2Cosϴ) + P1A1 – p2A2Cosϴ
𝑄 0.6
• 𝑣2 = = = 8.4889 𝑚Τ𝑠 Fx=19911.5 N
𝐴2 0.7068

• Applying Bernoulli’s equation at section FY = ρQ(- v2Sinϴ)– p2A2Sinϴ

1 and 2 =-6322.2 N
𝑝1 𝑣12 𝑝2 𝑣22 Negative sign means force acting in
+ + 𝑧1 = + + 𝑧2
𝜌𝑔 2𝑔 𝜌𝑔 2𝑔 downward direction
(where 𝑧1 = 𝑧2 )
• Resultant force
FR= Fx2 + FY2
FR=20890.9 N
Angle made by resultant force with X axis is
given by
𝐹𝑦
tan ϴ =
𝐹𝑥

ϴ= 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 0.3175
ϴ=170 36′
 APPLICATION OF
MOMENTUM EQUATION
We will consider the following examples:
❑ Impact of a jet on a plane surface

❑ Force due to flow round a curved vane

❑ Force due to the flow of fluid round a pipe bend.
❑ Reaction of a jet
 IMPACT OF JET
Plate is vertical to the
jet
The liquid came out in the form of a jet from the outlet
of a nozzle, which is fitted to a pipe through which the FORCE EXERTED BY
Plate is inclined to
THE JET ON A
liquid is flowing under pressure. STATIONARY PLATE
the jet

If any plate (fixed or moving) is placed in the path of

plate is curved
jet, a force is exerted by the jet on the plate. This force
DIFFERENT CASES
is obtained from NEWTON’S IInd LAW OF MOTION or
Plate is vertical to the
from IMPULSE MOMENTUM EQUATION. jet

FORCE EXERTED BY
Plate is inclined to
JET ON A MOVING the jet
“IMPACT OF JET MEANS THE FORCE EXERTED BY PLATE

THE JET ON A PLATE WHICH MAY BE STATIONARY

plate is curved
OR MOVING.”
THANK YOU……