CE 470-Lect-14-R1 (Design of Rectangular Spread Footings) (Read-Only)

‫ﺑﺴﻢ ﷲ اﻟﺮﺣﻤﻦ اﻟﺮﺣﯿﻢ‬
REINFORCED CONCRETE - II
(An Elective Course)
LECTURE #14
Design of Rectangular Spread Footings
By
CE 470 (RC -II) : Dr. Nadeem A. Siddiqui May 28, 2017

Contents
2
 Objectives of the present lecture

 Assumed soil pressure
 Allowable soil pressures
 Gross and net soil pressures
 Design of spread footings
 Rectangular footings
 Design steps
 Problem
 Further reading

Objectives of the Present lecture
3
 To describe the procedure for the design of

rectangular spread RC footings.
 To illustrate design procedure of rectangular
spread footings through a solved example.

Assumed Soil Pressure
4
 The soil pressure at the surface of contact between a

footing and the soil is assumed to be uniformly
distributed as long as the load above is applied at the
center of gravity of the footing.
CE 470 (RC - II) : Dr. Nadeem A. Siddiqui May 28, 2017

Allowable Soil Allowable soil pressure  q a 
qult
FS
Pressures
Class of Material Maximum Allowable
Soil Pressure
(kN/m2)
Rock 20% of ultimate
crushing strength
Compact coarse sand, compact fine sand, hard clay, 385
sand clay
Medium stiff clay or sandy clay 200
Compact inorganic sand and silt mixtures 190
Loose sand 145
Soft sand clay or clay 95
Loose inorganic sand-silt mixtures 50
Loose organic sand-silt mixtures, muck or bay mud 0
CE 470 (RC - II) : Dr. Nadeem A. Siddiqui 5 May 28, 2017

Gross and Net Soil Pressures
6
When there is no column load, the total downward load
from the weights of the soil and the footing is balanced
by an equal, but opposite, upward pressure. As a result,
the net effect on the concrete footing is zero. There are
no moments or shears in the footing due to this loading.
When the column load Pc is added, the pressure under

the footing increases by qn = Pc/A. The total soil pressure
is q = 540+qn. This is referred to as the gross soil
pressure and must not exceed the allowable soil
pressure, q0.
When moments and shears in the concrete footing are

calculated , the upward and downward pressures cancel
out, leaving only the net soil pressures, qn, to cause
internal forces (moments and shears) in the footing.

Gross and Net Soil Pressures
7
A footing is usually subjected to:
• Column load,
• Footing self weight,
• Weight of the soil above and
• A possible top surcharge such as ground slab and its load.
All these loads are uniform except concentrated column
force P.
Total soil pressure is :

P
q   h   s hs  q0 
A
Allowable net soil pressure is
P
qn  qa  h   s hs  q0  
A
Factored net soil pressure is
Pu
qnu 
A
Design of Spread Footings
8
 Spread footings are square or rectangular

pads that spread a column load over an
area of soil large enough to support the
column load.
 The soil pressure causes the footing to
deflect upward, causing tension in two
directions at the bottom.
 As a result, reinforcement is placed in
two directions at the bottom.
 The minimum cover to the
reinforcements in footings cast against
the soil is 75 mm.
 The minimum depth of the footing above
the bottom reinforcement is 150 mm for
footing on soil and 300 mm for footings
on piles.

Rectangular Footings
9
 Rectangular footings may be used when there is inadequate

clearance for a square footing.
 One way-shear very often control the depths for rectangular
footings, whereas two-way shear normally controls the
depths of square footings.
 The reinforcing in the long direction are spaced uniformly
across the footing.

Rectangular Footings
(Reinforcing in short direction)
10
 In rectangular footing, the reinforcement in the short

direction is placed in three bands with a closer bar
spacing in the band under the column than in the two
end bands.
 The band under the column has a width equal to the
length of the short side of the footing, but not less than
the width of the column(if that is greater) and is
centered on the column.
 The reinforcement in the central band shall be 2/(β+1)
times the total reinforcement in the short direction.
Here β is the ratio of the long side of the footing to the
short side of the footing.
 The reinforcement within each band is distributed
evenly (as in the reinforcement in the long direction)

Design Steps
11
Assume footing thickness and then follow the

following steps:
1. Estimate size of footing and factored net pressure
2. Check thickness for two-way and one-way shears
3. Design reinforcement and check development
lengths
4. Design footing column joint (Dowels)

Step-1:Size of footing and Factored net pressure
12

qn  qa  h   s hs  q0 
Required footing area (Minimum footing area) :

P P  PL P  PL
qn   D  Areq.  D
Areq. Areq. qn
PD , PL : Unfactored service dead and live loads
Factored net soil pressure :

Pu
qnu 
A

Step 2: Check thickness for two way shear
13
The critical section is taken at distance d/2 away from the face of column.
Ultimate shear force,Vu  qnu  tributary area

Tributary area  Footing area - Area enclosed by b0    A  Ac 
Vu  qnu  A  Ac 
Because web reinforcement is rarely used in a footing, Vs  0

Design requirement is  (Vc  Vs )  Vu  Vc  Vu
Note : Web reinforcement is very seldom used in spread footings, due to the
difficulty in placing it, and due to the fact that it is usually cheaper and
easier to deepen the footing than it is to provide stirrups.
Contd.
Punching shear strength : Smallest of the following expressions
 f ' 
Vc  2 c 
bd
 6  0
 
2   f c 
'

Vc  1   b0 d (Not applicable if   2)
   6  
 sd   f c' 

Vc    2  b0 d
 0 b  12 

Length of critical shear perimeter
b0  2(c1  d )  2(c2  d )
 is the ratio of the long side to the short side of the column (c2 / c1 )
b0 is the perimeter of the critical section.
 s  40 for columns in the center of footing Because there is reinforcement in both directions,
 30 for columns at end edge of a footing the average d will be used.
Average d  h  cover  d b
 20 for columns at a corner of a footing
CE 470 (RC -II) : Dr. Nadeem A. Siddiqui 14 May 28, 2017
Step 3: Check for One-way Shear
15
The critical section for one-way shear is located at d away from the face of the
column or wall.
Vu  qnu  Tributary area
Because web reinforcement is rarely used in a footing, Vs  0

Design requirement is  (Vc  Vs )  Vu  Vc  Vu
As per SBC 304, nominal concrete shear

strength Vc in one-way shear is
 f ' 
Vc   c 
bd
 6 
 

Step 4: Moment and Reinforcement Calculation
16
Load per unit length, wu  qnu  (l or b)
x2
M u  wu
2 Critical section for moment Critical section for moment
(short direction) (long direction)
wu=qnul

Contd.
17
x
Step 1 : Calculate trial value of As assuming jd  0.95d
Mu wu=qnub
As 
f y  jd 
Step 2 : Calculate Improved value of As
Critical
As f y section
a
0.85 f c' b
a h

Moment arm jd   d  
 2 l
Mu
As 
f y  jd 
b
Step 3 : Calculate number of bars x
As
No. of bars 
Ab
Step 5: Check for development length ld
18
• The footing reinforcement is chosen by

assuming that the reinforcement stress
reaches fy along the maximum-moment
section at the face of the column.
• The reinforcement must extend far
enough on each side of the points of
maximum bar stress to develop this
stress.
• In other words, the bars must extend ld
from the critical section or be hooked at
the outer ends.
9 fy 
ld  db
10 f c'  cb  K tr 
 
 db 

Transfer of Load from Column to Footing: Dowels
19
 The column applies a concentrated load on the footing.

This load is transmitted by (i) bearing stresses in the
concrete and (ii) by stresses in the dowels (or column
bars that cross the joint).
 Generally the column bars stop at the bottom of the
column, and dowels are used to transfer forces across the
column-footing joint.
 Regardless of how small a distance theoretically need to
be extended into the footing, dowels are usually bent in
their ends and set on the main footing reinforcing.
 Instead of using dowels, it is also possible to
increase the size of the column or increase fc’.
 For seismic areas the bars should be bent inward
and not outward. A1 is the column area and A2 is the area of
the portion of the supporting footing that
is geometrically similar and concentric
with the columns.

Step 6:Design Dowels
20
Bearing force at base of column  Pu

Allowable bearing force in concrete at base of column   0.85 f c',column A1 
 A2 
Allowable bearing force in footing concrete   0.85 f '

A1  
c , footing 
 2 
 A1 
If the computed bearing force (Pu) is higher than the smaller of the two allowable values
in the column or the footing, it will be necessary to carry the excess load with dowels (or
with column bars extended into the footing).
Excess load  Pu  smaller of the above allowable bearing force  As f y

Excess load
 As  ( As  Area of dowels)
f y
Minimum As for dowels  0.5% of gross area of the column

Step 7: Development length of Dowels
21
For the column, use f c'of column.

0.24 f y
ldh  db
'
f c
ldh ,min  max 150 mm or 8d b 
For the footing, use f c'of footing

0.24 f y
ldh  db
'
f c
ldh ,min  max(150 mm or 8d b )
Note: Regardless of how small a distance theoretically need to be extended into the
footing, dowels are taken down into the footing and set on top of the reinforcing
mat.

SBC 304 Provisions
22

Problem-1
23
Design a rectangular spread footing for a
450 mm square interior column with a
dead load of 830 kN and a live load of
10 ties @ 400 mm
875 kN. Make the length of the long side 25 steel bars
equal to twice the width of the short side. 60 mm
450 mm
330 mm
The footing supports also a 500 mm soil 8- 25 mm bars
layer and a 3 kN/m2 top surcharge. The 60 mm

soil unit weight is 19 kN/m3.The allowable 60 mm 330 mm 60 mm
soil pressure qa is 200 kN/m2. 450 mm
The column is reinforced with eight 25

mm bars. fy = 420 MPa, and fc’ = 21 MPa Column details
in the footing and fc’ = 35 MPa in the
column. Concrete is normal weight
concrete with unit weight = 24 kN/m3.

Solution: Design Steps
24
Assume footing thickness and then follow the

following steps:
1. Estimate size of footing and factored net pressure
2. Check thickness for two-way and one-way shears
3. Design reinforcement and check development
lengths
4. Design footing column joint (Dowels)

Step 1: Estimate size of footing and factored net pressure
25
Assume thickness of the footing as 750 mm.
qn  qa  h   s hs  q0   200  24  0.75  19  0.5  3  169.5 kN/m 2
Required footing area (Minimum footing area) :
P P  PL 830  875 1705
qn  c  D  169.5   Areq.   10 m 2
Areq. Areq. Areq. 169.5
 l  b  Areq.  2b  b  10  b 2  5  b  5  2.3 m
Use 2.3 m  4.6 m footing, A  10.58 m 2
450 mm
Factored net soil pressure :
Pu 1.4 PD  1.7 PL 1.4  830  1.7  875
qnu    750 mm
A A 2.3  4.6 qu =250.4 kN/m2
b = 2.3 m
 qnu  250.4 kN/m 2
Step 2(a): Check thickness for two way shear
26
a
Assume clear cover: Bottom = 75 mm; Side = 75 mm
h d
and bar diameter = 20 mm d d
2 a 2
Because there is reinforcement in both directions, the average d will be used.

Average d  h  cover  d b  750  75 - 20  655 mm
Length of critical shear perimeter ad

l a d l a d
b0  4(450  d )  4(450  655)  4420 mm  
2 2 2
 
2 2 2
l
Ultimate shear force,Vu  qnu  tributary area  qnu Footing area - Area enclosed by b0 
  
 Vu  qnu  A  Ac   250.4  2.3  4.6  (0.45  d ) 2  250.4  10.58  (0.45  0.655) 2 
 Vu  2343.5 kN
long side of the column section 450

c   1
short side of the column section 450
 s  40 (for columns in the center of footing)

Contd.
27
Punching shear strength : Smallest of the following expressions

 f '   1 21 
Vc  2 c 
b0 d  2 4420  655  4422.3 103 N  4422.3 kN
 6   6 
 
2   f c 
'

Vc  1   b0 d (Not applicable as   2)
   6 

  sd   f c' 
b d   40  655  2  1 21   4420  655  8764.6 103 N  8764.6 kN
Vc    2   12 
 0b  12  0  4420   

Vc  0.75  4422.3  3316.7 kN and Vu  2343.5 kN  Vc  Vu

 Use of 750 mm thick footing is OK

Step 2(b): Check thickness for One-way Shear
28
One-way shear is critical at a distance d from the face of the column. Thus the critical sections for one-way shear are A-A and
B-B. B
b b
d A d A
Bl a b a
 d l  d
2 2 2 2
l
b a 
l a  Tributary area  l    d 
Tributary area  b   d  2 2 
2 2 
 2.3 0.45 
 4.6 0.45   4.6   0.655   1.24 m 2
 2.3   0.655   3.27 m 2  2 2 
 2 2 
Because the tributary area for section B-B is larger, this section will be more critical.

Contd.
29
B
Compute Vu at section B-B

b
d
Vu  qnu  Tributary area  250.4  3.27  818.8 kN

Bl a
 d
2 2
 f '   1 21  l
Vc   c 
bd     2300  655  1150.6 103 N
 6   6 
 
 Vc  1150.6 kN
l a 
Tributary area  b   d 
2 2 
Vc  0.75 1150.6  862.9 kN  Vu  818.8 kN  OK
 4.6 0.45 
 2.3   0.655   3.27 m 2
 2 2 

Step 3(a): Design the reinforcement in the long
Direction
30
Load per unit length =wu = qub x
wu  250.4  2.3  575.92 kN/m wu=qub

2
x2 1  4.6 0.45 
M u  wu  575.92    
2 2 2 2 
 M u  1239.8 kN.m
Reinforcement:
Assume 20 mm bars.
d  h  cover  0.5d b  750  75  0.5  20  665 mm
Assuming jd  0.95d  0.95  665  631.8 mm
Mu Mu 1239.8  106
 As     5191.3 mm 2
 a  f y  jd  0.9  420  631.8
f y  d  
 2

Contd.
With this estiamte, iterate once to have a better estimate of the lever arm jd
As f y 5191.3  420
a   53.1 mm;
0.85 f c' b 0.85  21 2300
 a  53.1 
Moment arm   d     665    638.45 mm
 2  2 
Mu 1239.8  106
As    5137.3 mm 2
 a  0.9  420  638.45
f y  d  
 2
As ,min  0.0018bh  0.0018  2300  750  3105 mm 2 (does not govern)
As 5137.3
No. of bars    16.4  17
Ab 314
 Use 17 -  20 bars in long direction (17  314  5338 mm 2 )

2300
Spacing   135 mm. Use 125 mm c/c spacing  max. spacing OK
17
Maximum spacing  lesser of (3h or 300 mm)  300 mm
Contd.
32
a
As f y

17  314 420  54.6 mm
0.85 f c' b 0.85  21 2300
a 54.6
c   64.2 mm
1 0.85
d c 665  64.2
t   cu  (0.003)  0.0281  0.005
c 64.2
 Section is tension controlled.   0.90
 a  54.6  6
M n  As f y  d    0.9  5338  420   665 
  1286.7  10 N.mm
 2  2 
 M n  1286 kN.m  M u ( 1239.8 kN.m) OK

Step 3(b): Check for development length ld
33
According to SBC 304,
9 fy 
ld  db Section 12.2.3, the term
10 f c'  cb  K tr  (c+Ktr)/db shall not be taken
 
 db  greater than 2.5.
d b  nominal dia of bar  20 mm

  reinforcement location factor  1.0
  coating factor  1.0
  reinforcement size factor  1.0
  lightweight concrete modification factor  1.0
bottom cover of bars (measured from center of bars)  75  10  85 mm
center to center spacing of bars  125 mm
 cover of bars (measured from center of bars) or   85 
cb  Smaller of    1   62.5 mm
 one - half of center to center spacing of bars   125  62.5 
2 
K tr  transverse reinforcement index  0.0

cb  K tr 62.5  0
  3.125  2.5  Use 2.5
db 20
9 fy  9 420 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0

ld  db  d b  32.9d b
10 f c'  cb  K tr  10 21 2.5
 
 db 
 4600  450 
 ld  32.9  20  658 mm  available length (l1 )     75  2000 mm OK
 2 
B
2300
B 4600 450
2
4600

Step 3(c) : Design the reinforcement in the short
direction
35
Load per unit length =wu = qul x
wu  250.4  4.6  1151.84 kN/m wu=qul

2
x2 1  2.3 0.45 
M u  wu  1151.84      492.8 kN.m
2 2 2 2 
Reinforcement:
Assume 20 mm bars.
d  h  cover  1.5d b  750  75  1.5  20  645 mm
Assuming jd  0.95d  0.95  645  612.8 mm
Mu Mu 492.8 106
As     2127.5 mm 2
 a  f y  jd  0.9  420  612.8
f y  d  
 2

Contd.
With this estiamte, iterate once to have a better estimate of the lever arm jd
As f y 2127.5  420
a   10.9 mm;
0.85 f c' b 0.85  21 4600
 a  10.9 
Moment arm   d     645    639.6 mm
 2  2 
Mu 492.8  106
As    2038.3 mm 2
 a  0.9  420  639.6
f y  d  
 2
As ,min  0.0018bh  0.0018  4600  750  6210 mm 2 (This governs)
As 6210
No. of bars    19.8  20
Ab 314

Contd.
37
a
As f y

20  314 420  32.1 mm
0.85 f c' b 0.85  21 4600
a 32.1
c   37.8 mm
1 0.85
d c 645  37.8
t   cu  (0.003)  0.0482  0.005
c 37.8
 Section is tension controlled.   0.90
 a  32.1  6
M n  As f y  d    0.9  6210  420   645 
  1476.3  10 N.mm
 2  2 
 M n  1476.3 kN.m  M u ( 492.8 kN.m) OK

Arrangement of Bars in transverse (short) direction
38
Long side of the footing 4.6 b
  2
Short side of the footing 2.3
b
Width of the middle strip  b  2.3 m
End strip Middle strip End strip
2 2
Reinforcement in the middle strip   20   20  13.3  14 bars
 1 2 1
 Provide 14 -  20 bars in the middle strip, and 3 -  20 bars in each end strip.
Width of the middle strip 2300
Spacing (middle strip)    164.3 mm  max. spacing OK
14 14
 Provide  20 bars @150 mm c/c
1
Width of the each side strip - side cover 2
4600 - 2300  75
Spacing (side strip)    358.3 mm
3 3
 max. spacing (300 mm) NG  Provide  20 bars @300 mm c/c

Step 3(d): Check for development length ld
39
According to SBC 304,
9 fy 
ld  db Section 12.2.3, the term
10 f c'  cb  K tr  (c+Ktr)/db shall not be taken
 
 db  greater than 2.5.
d b  nominal dia of bar  20 mm
  reinforcement location factor  1.0
  coating factor  1.0
  reinforcement size factor  1.0
  lightweight concrete modification factor  1.0
bottom cover of bars (measured from center of bars)  75  1.5d b  75  1.5  20  105 mm
center to center spacing of bars  150 mm
 cover of bars (measured from center of bars) or   105 
cb  Smaller of    1   75 mm
 one - half of center to center spacing of bars    150  7 5 
2 
K tr  transverse reinforcement index  0.0

cb  K tr 75  0
  3.75  2.5  Use 2.5
db 20
9 fy  9 420 1.0  1.0  1.0 1.0

ld  db  d b  32.9d b
10 f c'  cb  K tr  10 21 2.5
  2300  450
 db  2
 925
 ld  32.9  20  658 mm
 2300  450 
Available length (l1 )     75  850 mm
 2 
4600
Therefore, ld  available length (l1  850 mm) OK
2300

Step 4 (a): Design of Dowels
41
Bearing force at base of column  Pu  1.4 D  1.7 L
 Pu  1.4  830  1.7  875  2649.5 kN
Allowable bearing force in concrete at base of column   0.85 f c',col A1  
 0.65  0.85  35  (450  450)  3915.8 103 N  3915.8 kN  2649.5 kN OK
A2 2300  2300 A2
  5.11  2, Take 2
A1 450  450 A1
A2

Allowable bearing force in footing concrete   0.85 f c', footing A1  A1
 0.65  0.85  21 (450  450)  2  4699  103 N  4699 kN  2649.5 kN OK
Minimum As for dowels  0.005  Column area  0.005  450  450  1012.5 mm 2
As 1012.5
No. of bars    4 bars; Use 4 - 18 dowels (4  254  1016 mm 2 )
Ab 254
Step 4(b) : Development length of Dowels
42
For the column, using   1,   1 and f c'  35 MPa

0.24 f y 0.24 1 420
ldh  db  d b  17 d b
 f c' 1 35
 ldh  17 d b  17 18  306 mm  150 mm or 8d b ( 8 18  144 mm) OK
Extend 4 - 18 dowels 350 mm up into the column.
CE 471: Dr. Nadeem A. Siddiqui 28-May-17

Contd.
43
For the footing, using   1,   1 and f c'  21 MPa

0.24 f y 0.24 1 420
ldh  db  d b  22d b
 f c' 1 21
 ldh  22d b  22  18  396 mm  150 mm or 8d b ( 8 18  144 mm) OK
Available length  750 - 2  20 - 75  635 mm OK
Use 4 - 18 dowels extending 350 mm up into the column

and 635 mm down into the footing
Note: Regardless of how small a distance theoretically need to be
extended into the footing, dowels are taken down into the footing and set
on top of the reinforcing mat.
CE 471: Dr. Nadeem A. Siddiqui 28-May-17

Reinforcement in footing base
87.5
17   20@125 2300
 2125
75 4 -  20@275 15   20@150 4 -  20@275 75 87.5

 1100  2250  1100
4600
All dimensions are in mm
Note: Number of bars and their spacing are slightly modified to accommodate
them in the available distances.

Reinforcement in footing base
(with all bars shown)
87.5
17   20@125 2300
 2125
75 4 -  20@275 15   20@150 4 -  20@275 75 87.5

 1100  2250  1100
4600
All dimensions are in mm

Further Reading
46
Read more about the design of spread footings from:
1. Reinforced concrete, Mechanics and Design by

James K. Wight and James G. Macgregor, Sixth
Edition, Pearson Prentice Hall, USA.
2. Design of Reinforced Concrete by Jack C.
McCormac and Russell H. Brown, Eighth Edition,
John Wiley & Sons.

Thank You
47

CE 470-Lect-14-R1 (Design of Rectangular Spread Footings) (Read-Only)

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‫ﺑﺴﻢ ﷲ اﻟﺮﺣﻤﻦ اﻟﺮﺣﯿﻢ‬

CE 470 (RC -II) : Dr. Nadeem A. Siddiqui May 28, 2017

 Objectives of the present lecture

CE 470 (RC -II) : Dr. Nadeem A. Siddiqui May 28, 2017

 To describe the procedure for the design of

CE 470 (RC -II) : Dr. Nadeem A. Siddiqui May 28, 2017

 The soil pressure at the surface of contact between a

CE 470 (RC - II) : Dr. Nadeem A. Siddiqui May 28, 2017

CE 470 (RC - II) : Dr. Nadeem A. Siddiqui 5 May 28, 2017

When the column load Pc is added, the pressure under

When moments and shears in the concrete footing are

CE 470 (RC - II) : Dr. Nadeem A. Siddiqui May 28, 2017

Total soil pressure is :

 Spread footings are square or rectangular

CE 470 (RC -II) : Dr. Nadeem A. Siddiqui May 28, 2017

 Rectangular footings may be used when there is inadequate

CE 470 (RC -II) : Dr. Nadeem A. Siddiqui May 28, 2017

 In rectangular footing, the reinforcement in the short

CE 470 (RC -II) : Dr. Nadeem A. Siddiqui May 28, 2017

Assume footing thickness and then follow the

CE 470 (RC -II) : Dr. Nadeem A. Siddiqui May 28, 2017

Allowable net soil pressure is

Required footing area (Minimum footing area) :

Factored net soil pressure :

CE 470 (RC -II) : Dr. Nadeem A. Siddiqui May 28, 2017

Ultimate shear force,Vu  qnu  tributary area

Because web reinforcement is rarely used in a footing, Vs  0

 sd   f c' 

Vu  qnu  Tributary area

Because web reinforcement is rarely used in a footing, Vs  0

As per SBC 304, nominal concrete shear

CE 470 (RC -II) : Dr. Nadeem A. Siddiqui May 28, 2017

Load per unit length, wu  qnu  (l or b)

CE 470 (RC -II) : Dr. Nadeem A. Siddiqui May 28, 2017

• The footing reinforcement is chosen by

CE 470 (RC -II) : Dr. Nadeem A. Siddiqui May 28, 2017

 The column applies a concentrated load on the footing.

CE 470 (RC -II) : Dr. Nadeem A. Siddiqui May 28, 2017

Excess load  Pu  smaller of the above allowable bearing force  As f y

CE 470 (RC -II) : Dr. Nadeem A. Siddiqui May 28, 2017

For the column, use f c'of column.

ldh ,min  max 150 mm or 8d b 

For the footing, use f c'of footing

ldh ,min  max(150 mm or 8d b )

CE 470 (RC -II) : Dr. Nadeem A. Siddiqui May 28, 2017

CE 470 (RC -II) : Dr. Nadeem A. Siddiqui May 28, 2017

layer and a 3 kN/m2 top surcharge. The 60 mm

soil pressure qa is 200 kN/m2. 450 mm

The column is reinforced with eight 25

CE 470 (RC -II) : Dr. Nadeem A. Siddiqui May 28, 2017

Assume footing thickness and then follow the

CE 470 (RC -II) : Dr. Nadeem A. Siddiqui May 28, 2017

Because there is reinforcement in both directions, the average d will be used.

Length of critical shear perimeter ad

long side of the column section 450

CE 470 (RC -II) : Dr. Nadeem A. Siddiqui May 28, 2017

Punching shear strength : Smallest of the following expressions

Vc  0.75  4422.3  3316.7 kN and Vu  2343.5 kN  Vc  Vu

CE 470 (RC -II) : Dr. Nadeem A. Siddiqui May 28, 2017

CE 470 (RC -II) : Dr. Nadeem A. Siddiqui May 28, 2017

Compute Vu at section B-B

Vu  qnu  Tributary area  250.4  3.27  818.8 kN

CE 470 (RC -II) : Dr. Nadeem A. Siddiqui May 28, 2017