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CHAPTER 3 : FUTURE OF MEDICINE
Perfection and Beyond
 • Ziyad Haziq Bin Khalil

• 2017101669

• Aini Shuhaimah Bt Selamat

• 2017773907

A B O U T US
• Muhammad Faiz Bin Ashabulllyamin

• 2017128827
INTRODUCTION
3 S TA G E S O F
MEDICINE
 Genomic
Medicin
e

Near term
(present to 2030)
 Genomic
Medicin
e

MIDCENTUR
Y
(2030 TO
2070)
 Genomic
Medicin
e

Fa r Fu t u r e
(2070 to 2100)
V i s i t To T h e D o c t o r
Stem Cells
Cloning
Gene Therapy
Coexisting With Cancer
Gene Therapy
Designer Children
Mighty Mouse Gene
Re v e r s i n g A g i n g
C a l o r i c Re s t r i c t i o n
Biological Clock
I m m o r t a l i t y P l u s Yo u t h
S o m e H o p e F o r Wo r l d
Po pu l a t i o n
Re s u r r e c t i n g E x t i n c t L i f e -
Fo rm s
C r e a t i n g N e w L i f e - Fo r m s
B r a v e N e w Wo r l d
G e r m Wa r f a r e
Conclusion
Genomic Medicine
What is genomic medicine ?

Genomic medicine can be define as

"An emerging medical discipline that involves using

genomic information about an individual as part of their
clinical care and the health outcomes and policy
implications of that clinical use".
How the field of genomic medicine
came to be?

you've probably heard of the Human Genome Project

formerly launched in 1990, the human genome projects
goal :

• was to determine the sequence of base pairs that

comprise human DNA
• to map all the genes of the human genome.

The project was determined complete in 2003, two years

ahead of schedule and it cost around three billion dollars.
The project was determined complete in 2003, two years
ahead of schedule and it cost around three billion dollars.

At the time the project was launched, the belief was that
having the sequence of all 3.3 billion nucleotides in the
human genome would allow us to
 
understand diseases such as :
• cancer
• diabetes
• viruses
• improve in fields such as forensics,
anthropology and agriculture.
While it's true that the completion of the human genome
project was a huge step in the right direction for all these
fields,
 
there's still considerable work to be done to understand
and interpret the genome;
 
for example, one current task at hand is
genomic medicine then
• to identify the genetic
variants that increase the
strives to utilize genomic
information to help make
risk for human diseases clinical recommendations to
improve health outcomes.
Genomic medicine impact?

Already genomic medicine is making a tremendous

impact in the fields of :
 
• oncology
• pharmacology
• preconception and
prenatal
• paediatrics
• rare and undiagnosed
diseases
• infectious diseases and
many more.
Precision medicine considers?
 
In the past few years there has been a growing push for
personalized or precision medicine to

reach the clinic, where specific individuals unique :

• genome
• Epigenome
• environmental exposure
• family history
• other data

can be assessed to tailor a clinical recommendation to that

patient.
Examples of applications?
 
Some specific examples of applications of precision
medicine include:

• pharmacogenomics
• which uses genomic information to ensure that patients are
getting the right dose of the right drug

• cancer and immunotherapy treatments

• which target specific molecular markers or the patient's
immune system to enhance its cancer fighting capabilities.

• personalized lifestyle plans

• which utilize genomic information to make fitness and
dietary recommendations
• specific to an individual.
Other advances ?

actively being studied and tested include :

• stem-cell therapy and regenerative medicine

• gene editing techniques

• as example CRISPR/CAS9 which allows permanent
modification of genes within organisms

 
• base editing or chemical surgery
• as example CRISPR, CRISPR has the potential to alter
bases in the genome of an organism