BS EN ISO 10319:2015

BSI Standards Publication

Geosynthetics — Wide-width
tensile test
Licensed copy:Arup, 17/06/2018, Uncontrolled Copy, © BSI
 BS EN ISO 10319:2015 BRITISH STANDARD

National foreword
This British Standard is the UK implementation of EN ISO
10319:2015. It supersedes BS EN ISO 10319:2008 which is withdrawn.
The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical
Committee B/553, Geotextiles and geomembranes.
A list of organizations represented on this committee can be
obtained on request to its secretary.
This publication does not purport to include all the necessary
provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct
application.
© The British Standards Institution 2015. Published by BSI Standards
Limited 2015
ISBN 978 0 580 81462 4
ICS 59.080.70
Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from
legal obligations.
This British Standard was published under the authority of the
Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 May 2015.
Amendments issued since publication
Date Text affected
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 EUROPEAN STANDARD EN ISO 10319
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM May 2015

ICS 59.080.70 Supersedes EN ISO 10319:2008

English Version

Geosynthetics - Wide-width tensile test (ISO 10319:2015)

Géosynthétiques - Essai de traction des bandes larges (ISO Geokunststoffe - Zugversuch am breiten Streifen (ISO
10319:2015) 10319:2015)

This European Standard was approved by CEN on 16 April 2015.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same
status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United
Kingdom.
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EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION

COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels

© 2015 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 10319:2015 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
 BS EN ISO 10319:2015
EN ISO 10319:2015 (E)

Foreword

This document (EN ISO 10319:2015) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 221
"Geosynthetics" in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 189 “Geosynthetics” the secretariat of
which is held by NBN.

This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical
text or by endorsement, at the latest by November 2015, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn
at the latest by November 2015.

Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.

This document supersedes EN ISO 10319:2008.

This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CENELEC by the European Commission and
the European Free Trade Association.

According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece,
Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.

Endorsement notice
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The text of ISO 10319:2015 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 10319:2015 without any modification.

3
 BS EN ISO 10319:2015
ISO 10319:2015(E)

Contents Page

Foreword ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ iv
1 Scope ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 1
2 Normative references ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 1
͵ ‡”•ƒ††‡ϐ‹‹–‹‘• ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 1
4 Principle ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 4
5 Apparatus and reagents ................................................................................................................................................................................ 5
6 Test specimens........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 5
6.1 Number of test specimens............................................................................................................................................................. 5
6.2 Preparation of test specimens ................................................................................................................................................... 6
6.3 Dimensions................................................................................................................................................................................................. 6
͸Ǥ͵Ǥͳ ‘™‘˜‡‰‡‘–‡š–‹Ž‡•ǡ‹––‡†‰‡‘–‡š–‹Ž‡•ǡ‰‡‘‡–•ǡ‰‡‘ƒ–•ǡ…Žƒ›
‰‡‘•›–Š‡–‹…„ƒ””‹‡”•ǡ†”ƒ‹ƒ‰‡…‘’‘•‹–‡•ǡƒ†‘–Š‡”’”‘†—…–•......................................... 6
6.3.2 Woven geotextiles ........................................................................................................................................................... 6
6.3.3 Geogrids with one axis................................................................................................................................................ 6
6.3.4 Geogrids with two axes and four axes ........................................................................................................... 6
6.3.5 Geogrids with three axes .......................................................................................................................................... 7
6.3.6 Metallic geotextile related product .................................................................................................................. 7
6.3.7 Testing wet specimen ............................................................................................................................................... 10
7 Conditioning atmosphere ........................................................................................................................................................................ 11
7.1 General ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 11
7.2 Conditioning for testing in wet condition ..................................................................................................................... 11
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8 Test procedure .....................................................................................................................................................................................................11

8.1 Setting up the tensile testing machine............................................................................................................................. 11
8.2 Insertion of the test specimen in the jaws.................................................................................................................... 11
8.3 Installation of the extensometer........................................................................................................................................... 12
8.4 Measurement of tensile properties .................................................................................................................................... 12
8.5 Measurement of strain .................................................................................................................................................................. 12
9 Calculations............................................................................................................................................................................................................. 13
9.1 Tensile strength ................................................................................................................................................................................... 13
9.2 Tensile strain at tensile strength .......................................................................................................................................... 13
9.3 Tensile strain at nominal tensile strength .................................................................................................................... 13
9.4 Secant stiffness .................................................................................................................................................................................... 14
10 Test report ................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 14

© ISO 2015 – All rights reserved iii

 BS EN ISO 10319:2015
ISO 10319:2015(E)

Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
„‘†‹‡• ȋ ‡„‡” „‘†‹‡•ȌǤ Š‡ ™‘” ‘ˆ ’”‡’ƒ”‹‰ –‡”ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ –ƒ†ƒ”†• ‹• ‘”ƒŽŽ› …ƒ””‹‡† ‘—–
–Š”‘—‰Š  –‡…Š‹…ƒŽ …‘‹––‡‡•Ǥ ƒ…Š ‡„‡” „‘†› ‹–‡”‡•–‡† ‹ ƒ •—„Œ‡…– ˆ‘” ™Š‹…Š ƒ –‡…Š‹…ƒŽ
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
 …‘ŽŽƒ„‘”ƒ–‡• …Ž‘•‡Ž› ™‹–Š –Š‡ –‡”ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ Ž‡…–”‘–‡…Š‹…ƒŽ ‘‹••‹‘ ȋȌ ‘ ƒŽŽ ƒ––‡”• ‘ˆ
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
†‹ˆˆ‡”‡––›’‡•‘ˆ†‘…—‡–••Š‘—Ž†„‡‘–‡†ǤŠ‹•†‘…—‡–™ƒ•†”ƒˆ–‡†‹ƒ……‘”†ƒ…‡™‹–Š–Š‡
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
––‡–‹‘‹•†”ƒ™–‘–Š‡’‘••‹„‹Ž‹–›–Šƒ–•‘‡‘ˆ–Š‡‡Ž‡‡–•‘ˆ–Š‹•†‘…—‡–ƒ›„‡–Š‡•—„Œ‡…–‘ˆ
’ƒ–‡–”‹‰Š–•Ǥ•ŠƒŽŽ‘–„‡Š‡Ž†”‡•’‘•‹„Ž‡ˆ‘”‹†‡–‹ˆ›‹‰ƒ›‘”ƒŽŽ•—…Š’ƒ–‡–”‹‰Š–•Ǥ‡–ƒ‹Ž•‘ˆ
ƒ›’ƒ–‡–”‹‰Š–•‹†‡–‹ϐ‹‡††—”‹‰–Š‡†‡˜‡Ž‘’‡–‘ˆ–Š‡†‘…—‡–™‹ŽŽ„‡‹–Š‡–”‘†—…–‹‘ƒ†Ȁ‘”
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
›–”ƒ†‡ƒ‡—•‡†‹–Š‹•†‘…—‡–‹•‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘‰‹˜‡ˆ‘”–Š‡…‘˜‡‹‡…‡‘ˆ—•‡”•ƒ††‘‡•‘–
constitute an endorsement.
‘” ƒ ‡š’Žƒƒ–‹‘ ‘ –Š‡ ‡ƒ‹‰ ‘ˆ  •’‡…‹ϐ‹… –‡”• ƒ† ‡š’”‡••‹‘• ”‡Žƒ–‡† –‘ …‘ˆ‘”‹–›
assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers
to Trade (TBT), see the following URL: ‘”‡™‘”†Ȅ—’’Ž‡‡–ƒ”›‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘.
The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 221, Geosynthetics.
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This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO 10319:2008), which has been
–‡…Š‹…ƒŽŽ›”‡˜‹•‡†Ǥ

iv © ISO 2015 – All rights reserved

 BS EN ISO 10319:2015
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 10319:2015(E)

Geosynthetics — Wide-width tensile test

1 Scope
This International Standard describes an index test method for the determination of the tensile properties
‘ˆ‰‡‘•›–Š‡–‹…•ȋ’‘Ž›‡”‹…ǡ‰Žƒ••ǡƒ†‡–ƒŽŽ‹…Ȍǡ—•‹‰ƒ™‹†‡Ǧ™‹†–Š•–”‹’ǤŠ‹•–‡”ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ–ƒ†ƒ”†
‹•ƒ’’Ž‹…ƒ„Ž‡–‘‘•–‰‡‘•›–Š‡–‹…•ǡ‹…Ž—†‹‰™‘˜‡‰‡‘–‡š–‹Ž‡•ǡ‘™‘˜‡‰‡‘–‡š–‹Ž‡•ǡ‰‡‘…‘’‘•‹–‡•ǡ
knitted geotextiles, geonets, geomats, and metallic products. It is also applicable to geogrids and similar
open-structure geotextiles, but specimen dimensions might need to be altered. It is not applicable to
’‘Ž›‡”‹…‘”„‹–—‹‘—•‰‡‘•›–Š‡–‹…„ƒ””‹‡”•ǡ™Š‹Ž‡‹–‹•ƒ’’Ž‹…ƒ„Ž‡–‘…Žƒ›‰‡‘•›–Š‡–‹…„ƒ””‹‡”•Ǥ
Š‹•–‡”ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ–ƒ†ƒ”†•’‡…‹ϐ‹‡•ƒ–‡•‹Ž‡–‡•–‡–Š‘†–Šƒ–…‘˜‡”•–Š‡‡ƒ•—”‡‡–‘ˆŽ‘ƒ†‡Ž‘‰ƒ–‹‘
characteristics and includes procedures for the calculation of secant stiffness, maximum load per unit
width and strain at maximum load. Singular points on the load-extension curve are also indicated.
Procedures for measuring the tensile properties of both conditioned and wet specimens are included in
this International Standard.

2 Normative references
Š‡ ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™‹‰ †‘…—‡–•ǡ ‹ ™Š‘Ž‡ ‘” ‹ ’ƒ”–ǡ ƒ”‡ ‘”ƒ–‹˜‡Ž› ”‡ˆ‡”‡…‡† ‹ –Š‹• †‘…—‡– ƒ† ƒ”‡
‹†‹•’‡•ƒ„Ž‡ ˆ‘” ‹–• ƒ’’Ž‹…ƒ–‹‘Ǥ ‘” †ƒ–‡† ”‡ˆ‡”‡…‡•ǡ ‘Ž› –Š‡ ‡†‹–‹‘ …‹–‡† ƒ’’Ž‹‡•Ǥ ‘” —†ƒ–‡†
”‡ˆ‡”‡…‡•ǡ–Š‡Žƒ–‡•–‡†‹–‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡”‡ˆ‡”‡…‡††‘…—‡–ȋ‹…Ž—†‹‰ƒ›ƒ‡†‡–•Ȍƒ’’Ž‹‡•Ǥ
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ISO 554, –ƒ†ƒ”†ƒ–‘•’Š‡”‡•ˆ‘”…‘†‹–‹‘‹‰ƒ†Ȁ‘”–‡•–‹‰Ȅ’‡…‹ϔ‹…ƒ–‹‘•

ISO 3696, ƒ–‡”ˆ‘”ƒƒŽ›–‹…ƒŽŽƒ„‘”ƒ–‘”›—•‡Ȅ’‡…‹ϔ‹…ƒ–‹‘ƒ†–‡•–‡–Š‘†•
ISO 7500-1, ‡–ƒŽŽ‹… ƒ–‡”‹ƒŽ• Ȅ ‡”‹ϔ‹…ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ •–ƒ–‹… —‹ƒš‹ƒŽ –‡•–‹‰ ƒ…Š‹‡• Ȅ ƒ”– ͷǣ ‡•‹‘Ȁ
…‘’”‡••‹‘–‡•–‹‰ƒ…Š‹‡•Ȅ‡”‹ϔ‹…ƒ–‹‘ƒ†…ƒŽ‹„”ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡ˆ‘”…‡Ǧ‡ƒ•—”‹‰•›•–‡
ISO 9862, Geosynthetics — Sampling and preparation of test specimens
ISO 10318,
‡‘•›–Š‡–‹…•Ȅ‡”•ƒ††‡ϔ‹‹–‹‘•
ISO 10321,
‡‘•›–Š‡–‹…•Ȅ‡•‹Ž‡–‡•–ˆ‘”Œ‘‹–•Ȁ•‡ƒ•„›™‹†‡Ǧ™‹†–Š•–”‹’‡–Š‘†
EN 10223-3, –‡‡Ž ™‹”‡ ƒ† ™‹”‡ ’”‘†—…–• ˆ‘” ˆ‡…‹‰ ƒ† ‡––‹‰ Ȅ ƒ”– ͹ǣ ‡šƒ‰‘ƒŽ •–‡‡Ž ™‹”‡ ‡•Š
products for engineering purposes

͵ ‡”•ƒ††‡ϐ‹‹–‹‘•
‘”–Š‡’—”’‘•‡•‘ˆ–Š‹•†‘…—‡–ǡ–Š‡–‡”•ƒ††‡ϐ‹‹–‹‘•‰‹˜‡‹ͳͲ͵ͳͺƒ†–Š‡ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™‹‰ƒ’’Ž›Ǥ
3.1
nominal gauge length
‹‹–‹ƒŽ†‹•–ƒ…‡ǡ‘”ƒŽŽ›͸Ͳȋ͵Ͳ‘‡‹–Š‡”•‹†‡‘ˆ–Š‡•’‡…‹‡•›‡–”‹…ƒŽ…‡–”‡Ȍǡ„‡–™‡‡
two reference points located on the specimen parallel to the applied load direction
3.2
elongation at preload
measured increase in gauge length (mm) corresponding to an applied load of 1 % of the maximum load
‘–‡ͳ–‘‡–”›ǣŠ‡‡Ž‘‰ƒ–‹‘ƒ–’”‡Ž‘ƒ†‹•‹†‹…ƒ–‡†ƒ•‹Figure 1.

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 BS EN ISO 10319:2015
ISO 10319:2015(E)

3.3
true gauge length
L0
nominal gauge length (3.1) in millimetres plus the elongation at preload (3.2) in millimetres
3.4
maximum tensile Force
Fmax
maximum tensile force obtained during a test
‘–‡ͳ–‘‡–”›ǣŠ‡ƒš‹—Ž‘ƒ†‹•‡š’”‡••‡†‹‹Ž‘‡™–‘•ȋȌǤ

3.5
tensile strain
ɂ
increase in true gauge length (3.3Ȍ‘ˆƒ•’‡…‹‡†—”‹‰ƒ–‡•–†‹˜‹†‡†„›–”—‡‰ƒ—‰‡Ž‡‰–Š
‘–‡ͳ–‘‡–”›ǣ‡•‹Ž‡•–”ƒ‹‹•‡š’”‡••‡†ƒ•ƒ’‡”…‡–ƒ‰‡‘ˆ–Š‡–”—‡‰ƒ—‰‡Ž‡‰–ŠǤ

3.6
tensile strain at maximum tensile load
ɂmax
tensile strain (3.5Ȍ‡šŠ‹„‹–‡†„›–Š‡•’‡…‹‡—†‡”ƒš‹—–‡•‹Ž‡Ž‘ƒ†
‘–‡ͳ–‘‡–”›ǣ‡•‹Ž‡•–”ƒ‹ƒ–ƒš‹—–‡•‹Ž‡Ž‘ƒ†‹•‡š’”‡••‡†‹’‡”…‡–Ǥ

3.7
tensile strain at nominal strength
ɂnom
•–”ƒ‹ƒ––Š‡‰—ƒ”ƒ–‡‡†•–”‡‰–Šƒ•†‡ϐ‹‡†„›–Š‡ƒ—ˆƒ…–—”‡”
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3.8
tensile secant stiffness
J
ratio of tensile force per unit width to an associated value of strain
‘–‡ͳ–‘‡–”›ǣ‡•‹Ž‡•‡…ƒ–•–‹ˆˆ‡••‹•‡š’”‡••‡†‹‹Ž‘‡™–‘•’‡”‡–”‡ȋȀȌǤ

3.9
tensile strength
max
maximum force per unit width observed during a test in which the specimen is stretched to rupture
‘–‡ͳ–‘‡–”›ǣ‡•‹Ž‡•–”‡‰–Š‹•‡š’”‡••‡†‹‹Ž‘‡™–‘•’‡”‡–”‡ȋȀȌǤ

3.10
strain rate
•–”ƒ‹ƒ–ƒš‹—Ž‘ƒ†ǡ†‹˜‹†‡†„›–Š‡†—”ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡–‡•–ǡ‹Ǥ‡Ǥ–Š‡–‹‡–‘ƒ––ƒ‹‡–‘ˆƒš‹—
tensile load from preload
‘–‡ͳ–‘‡–”›ǣ–”ƒ‹”ƒ–‡‹•‡š’”‡••‡†‹’‡”…‡–ƒ‰‡’‡”‹—–‡Ǥ

2 © ISO 2015 – All rights reserved

 BS EN ISO 10319:2015
ISO 10319:2015(E)

Key
 load/unit width, in kN/m
ɂ strain, in %
AC strain for secant stiffness
AZ secant
SA elongation at preload
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Figure 1 — Typical load per unit width/strain curve

© ISO 2015 – All rights reserved 3

 BS EN ISO 10319:2015
ISO 10319:2015(E)

Key
max tensile strength (kN/m)
፴max tensile strain (%)
’max tensile strength (kN/m) at second peak
፴ǯmax tensile strain (%) at second peak

Figure 2 — Typical tensile load per unit width — strain — curves of two geocomposites second
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peak-values marked by “’”, e.g. ’max, ɂ’max

4 Principle
A specimen is held across its entire width in a set of clamps or jaws (see Figure 3) of a tensile testing
machine operated at a constant displacement speed, and a longitudinal force is applied to the test
specimen until the specimen ruptures. The tensile properties of the test specimen are calculated from
machine scales, dials, autographic recording charts, or an interfaced computer. A constant test speed is
selected so as to give a strain rate of (20 ±5) % per minute in the gauge length of the specimen, except for
products that exhibit a low strain, i.e. less than or equal to 5 %. For these products, e.g. glass, the speed
is reduced so that the specimen breaks in 30 ±5 s.
The basic distinction between the current method and other methods for measuring tensile properties
of fabrics is the width of the specimen. In the current method, the width is greater than the length
‘ˆ–Š‡•’‡…‹‡ǡƒ••‘‡‰‡‘•›–Š‡–‹…•Šƒ˜‡ƒ–‡†‡…›–‘…‘–”ƒ…–ȋ‡…†‘™Ȍ—†‡”Ž‘ƒ†‹–Š‡
gauge length area.
The greater width reduces the contraction effect of such fabrics and provides a relationship closer to the
‡š’‡…–‡†ˆƒ„”‹…„‡Šƒ˜‹‘—”‹–Š‡ϐ‹‡Ž†ǡƒ•™‡ŽŽƒ•ƒ•–ƒ†ƒ”†ˆ‘”…‘’ƒ”‹•‘‘ˆ‰‡‘•›–Š‡–‹…•Ǥ
Š‡‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘‘•–”ƒ‹‹•”‡“—‹”‡†ǡ‡š–‡•‹‘‡ƒ•—”‡‡–•ƒ”‡ƒ†‡„›‡ƒ•‘ˆƒ‡š–‡•‘‡–‡”ǡ
which follows the movement of two reference points on the specimen. These reference points are situated
‘–Š‡•’‡…‹‡•›‡–”›ƒš‹•ǡ™Š‹…Š‹•’ƒ”ƒŽŽ‡Ž–‘–Š‡ƒ’’Ž‹‡†Ž‘ƒ†ǡƒ†ƒ”‡•‡’ƒ”ƒ–‡†„›ƒ†‹•–ƒ…‡‘ˆ
͸Ͳȋ͵Ͳ‘‡ƒ…Š•‹†‡‘ˆ–Š‡•’‡…‹‡•›‡–”›…‡–”‡ȌǤŠ‹•†‹•–ƒ…‡…ƒ„‡ƒ†ƒ’–‡†ˆ‘”•‘‡
–›’‡•‘ˆ‰‡‘‰”‹†‹‘”†‡”–‘‹…Ž—†‡ƒ–Ž‡ƒ•–‘‡”‘™‘ˆ‘†‡•‘”‹–‡”ƒŽŒ—…–‹‘•Ǥ

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 BS EN ISO 10319:2015
ISO 10319:2015(E)

5 Apparatus and reagents

5.1 Tensile testing machineȋ…‘•–ƒ–”ƒ–‡‘ˆ‡š–‡•‹‘Ȍǡ…‘’Ž›‹‰™‹–Š͹ͷͲͲǦͳǡŽƒ••ʹ‘”„‡––‡”ǡ

‹™Š‹…Š–Š‡”ƒ–‡‘ˆ‹…”‡ƒ•‡‘ˆ•’‡…‹‡Ž‡‰–Š‹•—‹ˆ‘”™‹–Š–‹‡ǡϐ‹––‡†™‹–Šƒ•‡–‘ˆ…Žƒ’•‘”Œƒ™•
™Š‹…Š ƒ”‡ •—ˆϐ‹…‹‡–Ž› ™‹†‡ –‘ Š‘Ž† –Š‡ ‡–‹”‡ ™‹†–Š ‘ˆ –Š‡ •’‡…‹‡ ƒ† ‡“—‹’’‡† ™‹–Š ƒ’’”‘’”‹ƒ–‡
‡ƒ•–‘Ž‹‹–•Ž‹’’ƒ‰‡‘”†ƒƒ‰‡Ǥ‡…Žƒ’ƒ›„‡•—’’‘”–‡†„›ƒˆ”‡‡•™‹˜‡Ž‘”—‹˜‡”•ƒŽŒ‘‹––‘
compensate for uneven distribution of force across the specimen.

Compressive jaws should be used for most materials, but for materials where the use of these grips gives
”‹•‡–‘‡š…‡••‹˜‡Œƒ™„”‡ƒ•‘”•Ž‹’’ƒ‰‡ǡ…ƒ’•–ƒ‰”‹’•ƒ›„‡—•‡†Ǥ
–‹•‡••‡–‹ƒŽ–‘…Š‘‘•‡Œƒ™ˆƒ…‡•–Šƒ–Ž‹‹–•Ž‹’’ƒ‰‡‘ˆ–Š‡•’‡…‹‡ǡ‡•’‡…‹ƒŽŽ›‹•–”‘‰‡”‰‡‘•›–Š‡–‹…•Ǥ
šƒ’Ž‡•‘ˆŒƒ™ˆƒ…‡•–Šƒ–Šƒ˜‡„‡‡ˆ‘—†•ƒ–‹•ˆƒ…–‘”›ƒ”‡•Š‘™‹Figure 3.

5.2 Extensometer, capable of measuring the distance between two reference points on the specimen
™‹–Š‘—– ƒ› †ƒƒ‰‡ –‘ –Š‡ •’‡…‹‡ ‘” •Ž‹’’ƒ‰‡ǡ …ƒ”‡ „‡‹‰ –ƒ‡ –‘ ‡•—”‡ –Šƒ– –Š‡ ‡ƒ•—”‡‡–
represents the true movement of the reference points.
 ‡…Šƒ‹…ƒŽǡ‘’–‹…ƒŽǡ‹ˆ”ƒ”‡†‘”‘–Š‡”–›’‡•ǡƒŽŽ™‹–Šƒ‡Ž‡…–”‹…ƒŽ‘—–’—–Ǥ

Š‡‡š–‡•‘‡–‡”•ŠƒŽŽ„‡…ƒ’ƒ„Ž‡‘ˆ‡ƒ•—”‹‰–‘ƒƒ……—”ƒ…›‘ˆάʹΨ‘ˆ–Š‡‹†‹…ƒ–‡†”‡ƒ†‹‰Ǥˆƒ›
‹””‡‰—Žƒ”‹–›‘ˆ–Š‡•–”‡••Ǧ•–”ƒ‹…—”˜‡†—‡–‘–Š‡‡š–‡•‘‡–‡”‹•‘„•‡”˜‡†ǡ–Š‹•”‡•—Ž–•ŠƒŽŽ„‡†‹•…ƒ”†‡†
and another specimen shall be tested.

5.3 Distilled waterǡˆ‘”™‡–•’‡…‹‡•‘Ž›ǡ…‘’Ž›‹‰™‹–Š

”ƒ†‡͵‘ˆ͵͸ͻ͸Ǥ

5.4 Non-ionic wetting agentǡˆ‘”™‡–•’‡…‹‡•‘Ž›Ǥ

Licensed copy:Arup, 17/06/2018, Uncontrolled Copy, © BSI

Š‡™‡––‹‰ƒ‰‡–—•‡†•ŠƒŽŽ„‡ƒ‰‡‡”ƒŽ’—”’‘•‡’‘Ž›‘š›‡–Š›Ž‡‡‰Ž›…‘ŽƒŽ›Ž‡–Š‡”ƒ–ͲǡͲͷΨ˜‘Ž—‡Ǥ

a) friction by lateral pressure b) capstan or roller clamps friction

(hydraulic or mechanic) on circular tube

Figure 3 — Examples of jaw faces for tensile testing of geosynthetics

6 Test specimens

6.1 Number of test specimens

—–ƒ‹‹—‘ˆϐ‹˜‡–‡•–•’‡…‹‡•‹„‘–Šƒ…Š‹‡†‹”‡…–‹‘ȋȌƒ†…”‘••ƒ…Š‹‡†‹”‡…–‹‘ȋȌǤ

© ISO 2015 – All rights reserved 5

 BS EN ISO 10319:2015
ISO 10319:2015(E)

6.2 Preparation of test specimens

Prepare the test specimens in accordance with ISO 9862.

6.3 Dimensions

6.3.1 Nonwoven geotextiles, knitted geotextiles, geonets, geomats, clay geosynthetic barriers,
drainage composites, and other products

”‡’ƒ”‡ ‡ƒ…Š ϐ‹‹•Š‡† –‡•– •’‡…‹‡ –‘ ƒ ‘‹ƒŽ ʹͲͲ  άͳ  ™‹†–Š ƒ† ‘ˆ •—ˆϐ‹…‹‡– Ž‡‰–Š –‘
ensure 100 mm between the jaws, with the length dimension being designated and parallel to the
direction in which the tensile force is applied. For some materials, the use of a cutting knife or scissors
can affect the structure. In such cases, thermal cutting or other techniques can be used, and this shall
be reported in the test report (see Clause 10ȌŠ‡”‡ƒ’’”‘’”‹ƒ–‡ƒ†ˆ‘”‘‹–‘”‹‰ƒ›•Ž‹’’ƒ‰‡ǡ†”ƒ™
two lines running the full width of the test specimen jaw faces, perpendicular to the length dimension
ƒ†•‡’ƒ”ƒ–‡†„›ͳͲͲȏ‡š…‡’–ˆ‘”…ƒ’•–ƒ‰”‹’•Ȅ•‡‡Figure 3b)].

6.3.2 Woven geotextiles

‘”™‘˜‡‰‡‘–‡š–‹Ž‡•ǡ…—–‡ƒ…Š•’‡…‹‡ƒ’’”‘š‹ƒ–‡Ž›ʹʹͲ™‹†‡ƒ†–Š‡ƒ‡ˆ”‹‰‡•„›”‡‘˜‹‰
an equal number of threads from each side to obtain the 200 mm ±1 mm nominal specimen width.
 Š‹• Š‡Ž’• –‘ ƒ‹–ƒ‹ –Š‡ •’‡…‹‡ ‹–‡‰”‹–› †—”‹‰ –Š‡ –‡•–Ǥ Š‡ –Š‡ •’‡…‹‡ ‹–‡‰”‹–› ‹• ‘–
ƒˆˆ‡…–‡†ǡ–Š‡•’‡…‹‡•…ƒ„‡‹‹–‹ƒŽŽ›…—––‘–Š‡ϐ‹‹•Š‡†™‹†–ŠǤ

6.3.3 Geogrids with one axis

‘”‰‡‘‰”‹†•™‹–Š‘‡ƒš‹•ǡ’”‡’ƒ”‡‡ƒ…Š•’‡…‹‡ƒ–Ž‡ƒ•–ʹͲͲ™‹†‡ƒ†•—ˆϐ‹…‹‡–Ž›Ž‘‰–‘‡•—”‡
Licensed copy:Arup, 17/06/2018, Uncontrolled Copy, © BSI

ƒ–Ž‡ƒ•–ͳͲͲ„‡–™‡‡–Š‡Œƒ™•Ǥ—–ƒŽŽ”‹„•ƒ–Ž‡ƒ•–ͳͲˆ”‘ƒ›‘†‡ǤŠ‡”‡–Š‡‘†‡•ƒ”‡‘–
•‡’ƒ”ƒ–‡†„›ƒ–Ž‡ƒ•–ͳͲǡ–Š‡•’‡…‹‡••Š‘—Ž†„‡’”‡’ƒ”‡†–™‘”‹„•™‹†‡”–Šƒ”‡“—‹”‡†ˆ‘”–Š‡
test and, after clamping in the jaws, the outer rib on each side of the specimen should be severed. The
test result (strength) shall be based on the unit of width associated with the number of intact ribs.
The test specimen shall contain at least one row of nodes or cross-members, excluding the nodes of
cross-members held in the jaws (see Figure 4ȌǤ”‘†—…–•‘ˆ’‹–…Šȏ‹Ǥ‡Ǥ–Š‡†‹•–ƒ…‡„‡–™‡‡–Š‡•–ƒ”–‘ˆ
one rib (load bearing element) and the start of the next rib] less than 75 mm shall contain at least four
complete tensile elements (ribs) in the width direction. Products of pitch greater than 75 mm and less
than 120 mm shall contain at least two complete tensile elements in the width direction. For products of
’‹–…Š‰”‡ƒ–‡”–ŠƒͳʹͲǡ•‹‰Ž‡”‹„•ƒ›„‡–‡•–‡†Ǥ
The reference points for the extensometer shall be marked on a central row of tensile elements that will
be subjected to testing and shall be at least 60 mm apart. The reference points shall be marked at the
…‡–”‡’‘‹–‘ˆƒ”‹„ƒ†•ŠƒŽŽ„‡•‡’ƒ”ƒ–‡†„›ƒ–Ž‡ƒ•–‘‡‘†‡‘”…”‘••Ǧ‡„‡”ǤŠ‡”‡‡…‡••ƒ”›ǡ–Š‡
–™‘”‡ˆ‡”‡…‡’‘‹–•ƒ›„‡•‡’ƒ”ƒ–‡†„›‘”‡–Šƒ‘‡”‘™‘ˆ‘†‡•‘”…”‘••Ǧ‡„‡”•ǡ‹‘”†‡”–‘
achieve the minimum separation of 60 mm apart. In this case, the requirement to mark the reference
points at mid-rib shall be maintained and the gauge length shall then be an integral number of pitches of
–Š‡‰”‹†Ǥ‡ƒ•—”‡–Š‡‘‹ƒŽ‰ƒ—‰‡Ž‡‰–Š–‘ƒƒ……—”ƒ…›‘ˆάͳǤ

6.3.4 Geogrids with two axes and four axes

‘”‰‡‘‰”‹†•™‹–Š–™‘‘”ˆ‘—”ƒš‡•ǡ’”‡’ƒ”‡‡ƒ…Š•’‡…‹‡ƒ–Ž‡ƒ•–ʹͲͲ™‹†‡ƒ†•—ˆϐ‹…‹‡–Ž›Ž‘‰–‘
‡•—”‡ƒ–Ž‡ƒ•–ͳͲͲ„‡–™‡‡–Š‡Œƒ™•Ǥ—–ƒŽŽ”‹„•ƒ–Ž‡ƒ•–ͳͲˆ”‘ƒ›‘†‡ǤŠ‡–‡•–•’‡…‹‡
shall contain at least one row of nodes or cross-members, excluding the nodes of cross-members held in
the jaws (see Figure 5 and Figure 8).
Products of pitch less than 75 mm shall contain at least four complete tensile elements (ribs) in the
width direction. Products of pitch greater than 75 mm and less than 120 mm shall contain at least two
complete tensile elements in the width direction. For products of pitch greater than 120 mm, single ribs
ƒ›„‡–‡•–‡†Ǥ

6 © ISO 2015 – All rights reserved

 BS EN ISO 10319:2015
ISO 10319:2015(E)

The reference points for the extensometer shall be marked on a central row of tensile elements that will
be subjected to testing and shall be at least 60 mm apart. The reference points shall be marked at the
…‡–”‡’‘‹–‘ˆƒ”‹„ƒ†•ŠƒŽŽ„‡•‡’ƒ”ƒ–‡†„›ƒ–Ž‡ƒ•–‘‡‘†‡‘”…”‘••Ǧ‡„‡”ǤŠ‡”‡‡…‡••ƒ”›ǡ–Š‡
–™‘”‡ˆ‡”‡…‡’‘‹–•ƒ›„‡•‡’ƒ”ƒ–‡†„›‘”‡–Šƒ‘‡”‘™‘ˆ‘†‡•‘”…”‘••Ǧ‡„‡”•ǡ‹‘”†‡”–‘
achieve the minimum separation of 60 mm apart. In this case, mark the reference points at mid-rib or on
nodes and the gauge length shall then be an integral number of pitches of the grid. Measure the nominal
‰ƒ—‰‡Ž‡‰–Š–‘ƒƒ……—”ƒ…›‘ˆάͳǤ

6.3.5 Geogrids with three axes

‘”‰‡‘‰”‹†•™‹–Š–Š”‡‡ƒš‡•’”‡’ƒ”‡‡ƒ…Š•’‡…‹‡ƒ–Ž‡ƒ•–ʹͲͲ™‹†‡ƒ†•—ˆϐ‹…‹‡–Ž›Ž‘‰–‘‡•—”‡
at least 100 mm between the jaws. The specimens are cut and the width of the specimen is measured as
shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7.
The reference points for the extensometer shall be marked at the centre point of a node and shall be
•‡’ƒ”ƒ–‡† „› ƒ– Ž‡ƒ•– ‘‡ ‘†‡ ‘” …”‘••Ǧ‡„‡”Ǥ Š‡”‡ ‡…‡••ƒ”›ǡ –Š‡ –™‘ ”‡ˆ‡”‡…‡ ’‘‹–• ƒ› „‡
•‡’ƒ”ƒ–‡†„›‘”‡–Šƒ‘‡”‘™‘ˆ‘†‡•‘”…”‘••Ǧ‡„‡”•ǡ‹‘”†‡”–‘ƒ…Š‹‡˜‡–Š‡‹‹—•‡’ƒ”ƒ–‹‘
of 60 mm apart. In this case, the requirement to mark the reference points at mid-rib shall be maintained
and the gauge length shall then be an integral number of pitches of the grid. Measure the nominal gauge
Ž‡‰–Š–‘ƒƒ……—”ƒ…›‘ˆάͳǤ

6.3.6 Metallic geotextile related product

‘”‘•–‡–ƒŽŽ‹…’”‘†—…–•–Š‡’”‡’ƒ”ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ•’‡…‹‡•…ƒ„‡†‘‡„›‡–Š‘†•ƒŽ”‡ƒ†›†‡ϐ‹‡†ˆ‘”‰‡‘‰”‹†•
’‡…‹ϐ‹…ƒŽŽ›ˆ‘”–‡•–‹‰†‘—„Ž‡–™‹•–‡†ǡŠ‡šƒ‰‘ƒŽǡ•–‡‡Ž™‹”‡‡•Š’”‘†—…–ǡ–Š‡•ƒ’Ž‡•Š‘—Ž†„‡–‡•–‡†
in accordance with EN 10223-3, except that the extension shall be measured using an extensometer.
Licensed copy:Arup, 17/06/2018, Uncontrolled Copy, © BSI

The reference points for the extensometer shall be marked at the centre point of the double twists and
•ŠƒŽŽ„‡•‡’ƒ”ƒ–‡†„›ƒ†‹•–ƒ…‡‘ˆƒ–Ž‡ƒ•–͸ͲǤ‡ƒ•—”‡–Š‡‘‹ƒŽ‰ƒ—‰‡Ž‡‰–Š–‘ƒƒ……—”ƒ…›
of ±1mm (see Figure 9).
‘–‡–Šƒ–”‡•—Ž–•‘„–ƒ‹‡†‹–Š‡•‡–‡•–•‹‰Š–‘–„‡†‹”‡…–Ž›…‘’ƒ”ƒ„Ž‡–‘–Š‘•‡‘„–ƒ‹‡†‹ˆ–‡•–‡†‹
accordance with ISO 10319.

© ISO 2015 – All rights reserved 7

 BS EN ISO 10319:2015
ISO 10319:2015(E)

Key
1 ‰ƒ—‰‡ƒ”•ˆ‘”‡Ž‘‰ƒ–‹‘‡ƒ•—”‡‡–η͸Ͳ
2 number of load bearing elements, ns

Figure 4 — Typical geogrid with one axis

Licensed copy:Arup, 17/06/2018, Uncontrolled Copy, © BSI

Key
1 ‰ƒ—‰‡ƒ”•ˆ‘”‡Ž‘‰ƒ–‹‘‡ƒ•—”‡‡–η͸Ͳ
2 number of load bearing elements, ns
3 exterior elements cut before loading

Figure 5 — Typical geogrid with two axes

8 © ISO 2015 – All rights reserved

 BS EN ISO 10319:2015
ISO 10319:2015(E)

Key
1 ‰ƒ—‰‡ƒ”•ˆ‘”‡Ž‘‰ƒ–‹‘‡ƒ•—”‡‡–η͸Ͳ
2 ™‹†–Š‹ηʹͲͲ

Figure 6 — Example of geogrid with three axes, specimen size, widths and gauge length MD
Licensed copy:Arup, 17/06/2018, Uncontrolled Copy, © BSI

Key
1 ‰ƒ—‰‡ƒ”•ˆ‘”‡Ž‘‰ƒ–‹‘‡ƒ•—”‡‡–η͸Ͳ
2 number of load bearing elements, ns

Figure 7 — Example of geogrid with three axes, specimen size, width and gauge length CMD

© ISO 2015 – All rights reserved 9

 BS EN ISO 10319:2015
ISO 10319:2015(E)

Key
1 gauge marks for elongation measurement >60mm
2 number of load bearing elements, ns

Figure 8 — Example of geogrid with four axes, specimen size, width and gauge length, MD and CMD
Licensed copy:Arup, 17/06/2018, Uncontrolled Copy, © BSI

Key
1 gauge marks for elongation measurement >60mm

Figure 9 — Typical double twisted, hexagonal steel wire mesh

If the test is to be used as a reference test for the seam/joint strength test, as described in ISO 10321, the
specimen width shall be the same for both sets of tests.

6.3.7 Testing wet specimen

Š‡–Š‡˜ƒŽ—‡•‘ˆ„‘–Š–Š‡™‡–ƒš‹—Ž‘ƒ†ƒ†–Š‡†”›ƒš‹—Ž‘ƒ†ƒ”‡”‡“—‹”‡†ǡ…—–‡ƒ…Š–‡•–
•’‡…‹‡ƒ–Ž‡ƒ•––™‹…‡ƒ•Ž‘‰ƒ•‹•—•—ƒŽŽ›”‡“—‹”‡†Ǥ—„‡”‡ƒ…Š–‡•–•’‡…‹‡ƒ†–Š‡…—–‡ƒ…Š
•’‡…‹‡ …”‘••™‹•‡ ‹–‘ –™‘ ŠƒŽ˜‡•ǡ ‘‡ ˆ‘” †‡–‡”‹‹‰ –Š‡ †”› ƒš‹— Ž‘ƒ†ǡ ƒ† –Š‡ ‘–Š‡” ˆ‘”
determining the wet maximum load. Each portion shall be marked with the specimen number. Thus,
each paired break is performed on a test specimen containing the same threads.

10 © ISO 2015 – All rights reserved

 BS EN ISO 10319:2015
ISO 10319:2015(E)

‘”‰‡‘•›–Š‡–‹…•™Š‹…Š•Š”‹‡š…‡••‹˜‡Ž›™Š‡™‡–ǡ–Š‡–‡•‹Ž‡•–”‡‰–Š•ŠƒŽŽ„‡†‡–‡”‹‡†ˆ”‘–Š‡
ƒš‹—Ž‘ƒ†ǡ‹™‡–…‘†‹–‹‘•ǡƒ†–Š‡‹‹–‹ƒŽ™‹†–Š•ŠƒŽŽ„‡‡ƒ•—”‡†–‘ƒƒ……—”ƒ…›‘ˆάͳǡƒˆ–‡”
conditioning but before wetting (see Clause 7).

7 Conditioning atmosphere

7.1 General
The test specimens shall be conditioned and tested in the standard atmosphere for testing (20 ±2 °C at
͸ͷάͷΨȌƒ•†‡ϐ‹‡†‹ͷͷͶǤ
Specimens are considered conditioned when the change in mass in successive weighing made at intervals
of not less than 2 h does not exceed 0,25 % of the mass of the test specimen.
Conditioning and/or–‡•–‹‰‹ƒ•–ƒ†ƒ”†ƒ–‘•’Š‡”‡ƒ›„‡‘‹––‡†™Š‡‹–…ƒ„‡•Š‘™–Šƒ–”‡•—Ž–•
‘„–ƒ‹‡†ˆ‘”–Š‡•ƒ‡•’‡…‹ϐ‹…–›’‡‘ˆ’”‘†—…–ȋ„‘–Š•–”—…–—”‡ƒ†’‘Ž›‡”–›’‡Ȍƒ”‡‘–ƒˆˆ‡…–‡†„›…Šƒ‰‡•
‹–‡’‡”ƒ–—”‡ƒ†Š—‹†‹–›‡š…‡‡†‹‰–Š‡Ž‹‹–•ǤŠ‹•‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘•ŠƒŽŽ„‡‹…Ž—†‡†‹–Š‡–‡•–”‡’‘”–Ǥ
NOTE The test method is also applicable at lower or higher temperatures if values are required for such
applications

7.2 Conditioning for testing in wet condition

Specimens to be tested in wet condition shall be immersed in water maintained at a temperature of
ȋʹͲάʹȌιǤŠ‡–‹‡‘ˆ‹‡”•‹‘•ŠƒŽŽ„‡ƒ–Ž‡ƒ•–ʹͶŠƒ†•ŠƒŽŽ„‡•—ˆϐ‹…‹‡––‘™‡––Š‡–‡•–•’‡…‹‡•
–Š‘”‘—‰ŠŽ›ǡƒ•‹†‹…ƒ–‡†„›‘•‹‰‹ϐ‹…ƒ–…Šƒ‰‡‹ƒš‹—Ž‘ƒ†‘”•–”ƒ‹ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™‹‰ƒŽ‘‰‡”’‡”‹‘†
‘ˆ‹‡”•‹‘Ǥ‘‘„–ƒ‹–Š‘”‘—‰Š™‡––‹‰ǡ‹–ƒ›„‡‡…‡••ƒ”›–‘ƒ††—’–‘ƒƒš‹—‘ˆͲǡͲͷΨ‘ˆƒ
non-ionic neutral wetting agent (5.4) to the water.
Licensed copy:Arup, 17/06/2018, Uncontrolled Copy, © BSI

8 Test procedure

8.1 Setting up the tensile testing machine

†Œ—•––Š‡†‹•–ƒ…‡„‡–™‡‡–Š‡Œƒ™•ƒ––Š‡•–ƒ”–‘ˆ–Š‡–‡•––‘ͳͲͲά͵ǡ‡š…‡’–ˆ‘”‰‡‘•›–Š‡–‹…•
mounted on capstan grips and for geogrids. Select the force range of the testing machine such that the
„”‡ƒ…ƒ„‡‡ƒ•—”‡†–‘ƒƒ……—”ƒ…›‘ˆͳͲǤ
‘”‰‡‘•›–Š‡–‹…•™‹–Šƒ•–”ƒ‹ɂmax in excess of 5 %, set the machine at a constant cross-head speed so
as to induce a strain rate of 20 ±5 % per minute in the gauge length.
‘”‰‡‘•›–Š‡–‹…•™‹–Šƒ•–”ƒ‹Ž‡••–Šƒ‘”‡“—ƒŽ–‘ͷΨǡ•‡Ž‡…–ƒ•’‡‡†•—…Š–Šƒ––Š‡ƒ˜‡”ƒ‰‡–‹‡–‘
break of the test specimens is 30 ±5 s.
‘”™‡–•’‡…‹‡•ǡ…ƒ””›‘—––Š‡–‡•–™‹–Š‹͵‹‘ˆ”‡‘˜ƒŽˆ”‘–Š‡™ƒ–‡”Ǥ
If capstan grips are used, the separation between the centres of the capstans at the beginning of each
test shall be kept to a minimum, or for geogrids to a representative length. The use of capstan grips and
the distance between the centres of the capstans shall be recorded in the test report.

8.2 Insertion of the test specimen in the jaws

‘—– –Š‡ –‡•– •’‡…‹‡ …‡–”ƒŽŽ› ‹ –Š‡ Œƒ™•Ǥ •—”‡ –Šƒ–ǡ ‹ „‘–Š –Š‡ ƒ…Š‹‡ †‹”‡…–‹‘ ƒ† …”‘••
direction tests, the specimen length is parallel to the direction of the force applied. Where appropriate,
†‘–Š‹•„›Šƒ˜‹‰–Š‡–™‘Ž‹‡•ǡ™Š‹…Š™‡”‡’”‡˜‹‘—•Ž›†”ƒ™ͳͲͲƒ’ƒ”–ƒ…”‘••–Š‡™‹†–Š‘ˆ–Š‡–‡•–
specimen (see 6.3.1Ȍǡ’‘•‹–‹‘‡†ƒ•…Ž‘•‡Ž›ƒ•’‘••‹„Ž‡ƒ†Œƒ…‡––‘–Š‡‹•‹†‡‡†‰‡•‘ˆ–Š‡Œƒ™•Ǥ

© ISO 2015 – All rights reserved 11

 BS EN ISO 10319:2015
ISO 10319:2015(E)

8.3 Installation of the extensometer

‹š–Š‡”‡ˆ‡”‡…‡’‘‹–•‘–Š‡•’‡…‹‡͸Ͳƒ’ƒ”–ȋ͵Ͳ‘‡ƒ…Š•‹†‡‘ˆ–Š‡•›‡–”›…‡–”‡‘ˆ
the specimen), and set the extensometer. For all geogrids see Clause 6. If a contacting extensometer is
used, no damage shall be caused to the specimen. Also ensure that there is no slippage of the reference
points during the test.

8.4 Measurement of tensile properties

–ƒ”––Š‡–‡•‹Ž‡–‡•–‹‰ƒ…Š‹‡ƒ†ǡ—•‹‰ƒ’”‡Ž‘ƒ†‘ˆͳΨ‘ˆ–Š‡‡•–‹ƒ–‡†ƒš‹—Ž‘ƒ†–‘†‡ϐ‹‡
the starting point for the measurement of strain, and continue running until the specimen ruptures.
–‘’–Š‡ƒ…Š‹‡ǡ”‡…‘”†ƒ†”‡’‘”––Š‡ƒš‹—Ž‘ƒ†–‘–Š‡‡ƒ”‡•–ͳͲȀǡƒ†•–”ƒ‹–‘–Š‡ϐ‹”•–
decimal place; reset to the initial gauge position.
The decision to discard the results from a specimen shall be based on observation of the specimen
†—”‹‰–Š‡–‡•–ǡ‘–Š‡‹Š‡”‡–˜ƒ”‹ƒ„‹Ž‹–›‘ˆ–Š‡‰‡‘•›–Š‡–‹…ƒ†‘–Š‡’”‘˜‹•‹‘‘ˆ5.2. In the absence
‘ˆ‘–Š‡”…”‹–‡”‹ƒˆ‘””‡Œ‡…–‹‰ƒŒƒ™„”‡ƒǡƒ›„”‡ƒ‘……—””‹‰™‹–Š‹ͷ‘ˆ–Š‡Œƒ™•ǡ™Š‹…Š”‡•—Ž–•
in a value below 50 % of the average value of all other breaks, shall be discarded. No other break results
•ŠƒŽŽ„‡†‹•…ƒ”†‡†ǡ—Ž‡••–Š‡–‡•–‹•’”‘˜‡–‘„‡ˆƒ—Ž–›Ǥ
–‹•†‹ˆϐ‹…—Ž––‘†‡–‡”‹‡–Š‡’”‡…‹•‡”‡ƒ•‘™Š›…‡”–ƒ‹•’‡…‹‡•„”‡ƒ‡ƒ”–Š‡‡†‰‡‘ˆ–Š‡Œƒ™•Ǥ
ˆƒŒƒ™„”‡ƒ‹•…ƒ—•‡†„›†ƒƒ‰‡–‘–Š‡–‡•–•’‡…‹‡„›–Š‡Œƒ™•ǡ–Š‡”‡•—Ž–••Š‘—Ž†„‡†‹•…ƒ”†‡†Ǥ
ˆǡŠ‘™‡˜‡”ǡ‹–‹•‡”‡Ž›†—‡–‘”ƒ†‘Ž›†‹•–”‹„—–‡†™‡ƒ‡••‡•‹–Š‡–‡•–•’‡…‹‡ǡ‹–‹•ƒŽ‡‰‹–‹ƒ–‡
”‡•—Ž–Ǥ•‘‡…ƒ•‡•ǡ‹–ƒ›ƒŽ•‘„‡…ƒ—•‡†„›ƒ…‘…‡–”ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ•–”‡••‹–Š‡ƒ”‡ƒƒ†Œƒ…‡––‘–Š‡Œƒ™•
„‡…ƒ—•‡–Š‡›’”‡˜‡––Š‡–‡•–•’‡…‹‡ˆ”‘…‘–”ƒ…–‹‰‹™‹†–Šƒ•–Š‡Ž‘ƒ†‹•ƒ’’Ž‹‡†Ǥ–Š‡•‡…ƒ•‡•ǡƒ
break near the edge of the jaws is inevitable and should be accepted as a characteristic of the particular
method of test.
’‡…‹ƒŽ’”‘…‡†—”‡•ƒ”‡”‡“—‹”‡†ˆ‘”–Š‡–‡•–‹‰‘ˆ•’‡…‹‡•ƒ†‡ˆ”‘•’‡…‹ϐ‹…ƒ–‡”‹ƒŽ•ȋ‡Ǥ‰Ǥ‰Žƒ••ϐ‹„”‡ǡ
Licensed copy:Arup, 17/06/2018, Uncontrolled Copy, © BSI

…ƒ”„‘ϐ‹„”‡Ȍ–‘‹‹‹œ‡ƒ›†ƒƒ‰‡–Šƒ–ƒ›„‡…ƒ—•‡†„›–Š‡Œƒ™•Ǥˆƒ–‡•–•’‡…‹‡•Ž‹’•‹–Š‡Œƒ™•ǡ
or if more than one quarter of the specimens break at a point within 5 mm of the edge of the jaw, then:
ƒȌ –Š‡Œƒ™•ƒ›„‡’ƒ††‡†ǡ
„Ȍ –Š‡–‡•–•’‡…‹‡ƒ›„‡…‘ƒ–‡†—†‡”–Š‡Œƒ™Ǧˆƒ…‡ƒ”‡ƒǡ‘”
…Ȍ –Š‡Œƒ™ˆƒ…‡ƒ›„‡‘†‹ϐ‹‡†Ǥ
ˆƒ›‘ˆ–Š‡‘†‹ϐ‹…ƒ–‹‘•Ž‹•–‡†ƒ„‘˜‡ƒ”‡—•‡†ǡ•–ƒ–‡–Š‡‡–Š‘†‘ˆ‘†‹ϐ‹…ƒ–‹‘‹–Š‡–‡•–”‡’‘”–Ǥ

8.5 Measurement of strain

Strain is the increase in true gauge length (nominal gauge length plus the increase in gauge length at
preload) of a specimen during the test, expressed as a percentage of the true gauge length.
‡ƒ•—”‡–Š‡‹…”‡ƒ•‡‹–”—‡‰ƒ—‰‡Ž‡‰–Š‘ˆ–Š‡–‡•–•’‡…‹‡ƒ–ƒ›•’‡…‹ϐ‹‡†Ž‘ƒ†„›‡ƒ•‘ˆƒ
extensometer.

12 © ISO 2015 – All rights reserved

 BS EN ISO 10319:2015
ISO 10319:2015(E)

9 Calculations

9.1 Tensile strength

Calculate the tensile strength max‡š’”‡••‡†‹‹Ž‘‡™–‘•’‡”‡–”‡ȋȀȌǡ†‹”‡…–Ž›ˆ”‘–Š‡†ƒ–ƒ
obtained from the tensile testing machine, using Formula (1).
Tmax F (1)
max c

where
Fmax is the recorded maximum tensile force, in kilonewtons (kN);

c is obtained from Formula (2) or Formula (3), as appropriate.

‘” ™‘˜‡ ƒ† ‘™‘˜‡ ‰‡‘–‡š–‹Ž‡•ǡ ‹––‡† ˆƒ„”‹…•ǡ ‰‡‘‡–•ǡ ‰‡‘ƒ–•ǡ …Žƒ› ‰‡‘•›–Š‡–‹… „ƒ””‹‡”•ǡ
drainage composites and geogrids with three axis (see Figure 6) and other products:
c = 1/B (2)

where B is the nominal width of the specimen, in metres.

For geogrids with one axis, two axes, and geogrids with three axes (see Figure 4, Figure 5, and Figure 7),
c = Nm/ns (3)

where
Licensed copy:Arup, 17/06/2018, Uncontrolled Copy, © BSI

Nm is the average number of tensile elements within a 1 m width of the product being tested;

ns is the number of tensile elements within the test specimen.

For composite products, use Formula (2) or (3) depending on the main load-bearing element of the
composite. For products with double peak curves (see Figure 2), the results for tensile strength and
strain shall be calculated for both peaks.

9.2 Tensile strain at tensile strength

Record the strain, in percent, at the maximum load and report to the nearest 0,1 %.
Strain is the recorded increase in specimen length (mm) from pre-tension level to maximum load × 100
†‹˜‹†‡† „› –Š‡ –”—‡ ‰ƒ—‰‡ Ž‡‰–Š ȋȌǤ Š‡ –”—‡ ‰ƒ—‰‡ Ž‡‰–Š ‹• –Š‡ ‘‹ƒŽ ‰ƒ—‰‡ Ž‡‰–Š ’Ž—• –Š‡
extension from start of test to pre-tension level.

9.3 Tensile strain at nominal tensile strength

‡…‘”† –Š‡ •–”ƒ‹ǡ ‹ ’‡”…‡–ǡ –‘ –Š‡ ‡ƒ”‡•– Ͳǡͳ Ψǡ ƒ– –Š‡ ‰—ƒ”ƒ–‡‡† •–”‡‰–Šǡ ƒ• †‡ϐ‹‡† „› –Š‡
manufacturer.

© ISO 2015 – All rights reserved 13

 BS EN ISO 10319:2015
ISO 10319:2015(E)

9.4 Secant stiffness

To calculate the secant stiffness, Jǡ‡š’”‡••‡†‹‹Ž‘‡™–‘•’‡”‡–”‡ȋȀȌǡƒ–ƒ•’‡…‹ϐ‹‡†•–”ƒ‹ǡ
†‡–‡”‹‡–Š‡ˆ‘”…‡ƒ––Šƒ–•’‡…‹ϐ‹‡†•–”ƒ‹ȋ’‘‹–‹Figure 1Ȍƒ†ƒ’’Ž› ‘”—ŽƒȋͶȌǤ
F × c ×100
J= (4)
ε
where
F is the determined force at strain, ɂ, in kilonewtons (kN);

ɂ ‹•–Š‡•’‡…‹ϐ‹‡†•–”ƒ‹ǡ‹’‡”…‡–Ǣ

c is obtained from Formula (2) or Formula (3), as appropriate.

10 Test report
The test report shall include the following information:
a) a reference to this International Standard (ISO 10319:2014);
„Ȍ ƒŽŽ”‡Ž‡˜ƒ–†ƒ–ƒˆ‘”…‘’Ž‡–‡‹†‡–‹ϐ‹…ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡•’‡…‹‡–‡•–‡†Ǣ
c) the mean tensile strength, in both MD and CMD, and, if required, the individual values, expressed as
in Clause 9 (for two peak-curves as in Figure 2, report also the second peak values);
d) the mean tensile strain at the tensile strength in both MD and CMD and, if required, the individual
values, expressed as in Clause 9 (for two peak-curves as in Figure 2, report also the second peak values);
Licensed copy:Arup, 17/06/2018, Uncontrolled Copy, © BSI

e) if required, the mean tensile strain at the nominal tensile load in both the machine and cross
direction, and if required, the individual values, expressed as in Clause 9;
f) the mean secant stiffness corresponding to strains of 2 %, 5 %, and 10 %, and the individual
values, if required;
‰Ȍ –Š‡•–ƒ†ƒ”††‡˜‹ƒ–‹‘‘”…‘‡ˆϐ‹…‹‡–‘ˆ˜ƒ”‹ƒ–‹‘‘ˆƒ›‘ˆ–Š‡’”‘’‡”–‹‡•†‡–‡”‹‡†Ǣ
ŠȌ –Š‡…‘†‹–‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡–‡•–•’‡…‹‡ǡ‹Ǥ‡Ǥ™‡–‘”†”›Ǣ
i) the number of specimens tested in each direction;
ŒȌ –Š‡–›’‡‘ˆŒƒ™ǡ‹…Ž—†‹‰–Š‡†‹‡•‹‘•‘ˆ–Š‡Œƒ™•ƒ†–Š‡–›’‡‘ˆŒƒ™ˆƒ…‡•—•‡†ƒ†‹‹–‹ƒŽ
jaw separation;
Ȍ –Š‡–›’‡‘ˆ‡š–‡•‘‡–‡”—•‡†Ǣ
ŽȌ ƒ–›’‹…ƒŽŽ‘ƒ†Ǧ•–”ƒ‹…—”˜‡‘”ƒŽŽ‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ…—”˜‡•ǡ‹ˆ”‡“—‹”‡†Ǣ
Ȍ †‡–ƒ‹Ž•‘ˆƒ›†‡˜‹ƒ–‹‘•ˆ”‘–Š‡•’‡…‹ϐ‹‡†’”‘…‡†—”‡Ǣ
n) strain rate, in percent per minute, reported to the nearest percent;
o) the standard atmosphere used. If tests are carried out outside the conditioning limits, data on the
‡ˆˆ‡…–‘ˆ–‡’‡”ƒ–—”‡ƒ†Š—‹†‹–›‘–Š‡–‡•–”‡•—Ž–••ŠƒŽŽ„‡’”‘˜‹†‡†Ǥ

14 © ISO 2015 – All rights reserved

Licensed copy:Arup, 17/06/2018, Uncontrolled Copy, © BSI
BS EN ISO 10319:2015
Licensed copy:Arup, 17/06/2018, Uncontrolled Copy, © BSI

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