(five) is a number, numeral, and glyph.

It is the natural number following 4 and preceding 6, and is

a prime number. It has attained significance throughout history in part because typical humans have
five digits on each hand.

Contents

 1In mathematics
o 1.1List of basic calculations
 2Evolution of the glyph
 3Science
o 3.1Astronomy
o 3.2Biology
o 3.3Computing
 4Religion and culture
o 4.1Hinduism
o 4.2Christianity
o 4.3Discordianism
o 4.4Islam
o 4.5Judaism
o 4.6Sikhism
o 4.7Daoism
o 4.8Other religions and cultures
 5Art, entertainment, and media
o 5.1Fictional entities
o 5.2Films
o 5.3Music
 5.3.1Groups
 5.3.2Other uses
o 5.4Television
o 5.5Literature
 6Sports
 7Technology
 8Miscellaneous fields
 9See also
 10References
 11External links

In mathematics
Five is the third prime number. Because it can be written as 22  + 1, five is classified as a Fermat
1

prime; therefore a regular polygon with 5 sides (a regular pentagon) is constructible with compass

and unmarked straightedge. Five is the third Sophie Germain prime, the first safe prime, the
third Catalan number, and the third Mersenne prime exponent. Five is the first Wilson prime and the
third factorial prime, also an alternating factorial. Five is the first good prime.[1] It is an Eisenstein
prime with no imaginary part and real part of the form 3n − 1. It is also the only number that is part of
more than one pair of twin primes. Five is a congruent number.[2]
Five is conjectured to be the only odd untouchable number and if this is the case then five will be the
only odd prime number that is not the base of an aliquot tree.
Five is also the only prime that is the sum of two consecutive primes, namely 2 and 3.
The number 5 is the fifth Fibonacci number, being 2 plus 3. It is the only Fibonacci number that is
equal to its position. 5 is also a Pell number and a Markov number, appearing in solutions to the
Markov Diophantine equation: (1, 2, 5), (1, 5, 13), (2, 5, 29), (5, 13, 194), (5, 29, 433), ...
(OEIS: A030452 lists Markov numbers that appear in solutions where one of the other two terms is
5). Whereas 5 is unique in the Fibonacci sequence, in the Perrin sequence 5 is both the fifth and
sixth Perrin numbers.
5 is the length of the hypotenuse of the smallest integer-sided right triangle.
In bases 10 and 20, 5 is a 1-automorphic number.
Five is the second Sierpinski number of the first kind, and can be written as S2 = (22) + 1.
While polynomial equations of degree 4 and below can be solved with radicals, equations of degree
5 and higher cannot generally be so solved. This is the Abel–Ruffini theorem. This is related to the
fact that the symmetric group Sn is a solvable group for n ≤ 4 and not solvable for n ≥ 5.
While all graphs with 4 or fewer vertices are planar, there exists a graph with 5 vertices which is not
planar: K5, the complete graph with 5 vertices.
There are five Platonic solids.[3]
A polygon with five sides is a pentagon. Figurate numbers representing pentagons (including five)
are called pentagonal numbers. Five is also a square pyramidal number.
Five is the only prime number to end in the digit 5 because all other numbers written with a 5 in the
ones place under the decimal system are multiples of five. As a consequence of this, 5 is in base 10
a 1-automorphic number.
Vulgar fractions with 5 or 2 in the denominator do not yield infinite decimal expansions, unlike
expansions with all other prime denominators, because they are prime factors of ten, the base.
When written in the decimal system, all multiples of 5 will end in either 5 or 0.
There are five Exceptional Lie groups.

List of basic calculations

Multiplicati 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 20
on 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 7 7 8 8 9 9 10
5 × x 5
0 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 0

Divisi 1
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 11 12 13 14 15
on 0

2. 1. 1.2 0.8 0.7142 0.62 0. 0. 0.4 0.41 0.3846 0.35714 0.

5 ÷ x 5 1
5 6 5 3 85 5 5 5 5 6 15 28 3
 0. 0. 0. 1.
x ÷ 5 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 2 2.2 2.4 2.6 2.8 3
2 4 6 8

Expon
entiatio 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
n

3
1 6 15 78 39 195 976 488 2441 1220 6103 30517
2 1
5x 5 2 2 62 12 06 312 562 281 4062 7031 5156 57812
5 2
5 5 5 5 25 5 5 25 5 25 25 5
5

1 3
2 16 32
3 0 1 77 590 100 161 2488 3712 5378 75937
x5 1 4 80 76
2 2 2 76 49 000 051 32 93 24 5
3 7 8
4 5

In the powers of 5, every power ends with the number five and from 53, if the exponent is odd, then
the hundreds digit is 1; instead, if it is even, the hundreds digit is 6.
In fifth powers, n5 ends in the same digit as n.

Evolution of the glyph

The evolution of the modern Western glyph for the numeral 5 cannot be traced back to the Indian
system as for the numbers 1 to 4. The Kushana and Gupta empires in what is now India had among
themselves several different glyphs which bear no resemblance to the modern glyph.
The Nagari and Punjabi took these glyphs and all came up with glyphs that are similar to a
lowercase "h" rotated 180°. The Ghubar Arabs transformed the glyph in several different ways,
producing glyphs that were more similar to the numbers 4 or 3 than to the number 5.[4] It was from
those characters that Europeans finally came up with the modern 5.
While the shape of the 5 character has an ascender in most modern typefaces, in typefaces with text

figures the character usually has a descender, as, for example, in  .

Science
 The atomic number of boron.
 The number of appendages on most starfish, which exhibit pentamerism.
 The most destructive known hurricanes rate as Category 5 on the Saffir–Simpson hurricane
wind scale.
 The most destructive known tornadoes rate an F-5 on the Fujita scale or EF-5 on
the Enhanced Fujita scale.
Astronomy
 Messier object M5, a magnitude 7.0 globular cluster in the constellation Serpens.
 The New General Catalogue object NGC 5, a magnitude 13 spiral galaxy in
the constellation Andromeda.
 The Roman numeral V stands for dwarfs (main sequence stars) in the Yerkes spectral
classification scheme.
 The Roman numeral V (usually) stands for the fifth-discovered satellite of a planet or minor
planet (e.g. Jupiter V).
 There are five Lagrangian points in a two-body system.
Biology
 Perception is conceived to occur through five senses.[5]
 Almost all amphibians, reptiles, and mammals which have fingers or toes have five of them
on each extremity.[6]
Computing
 5 is the ASCII code of the Enquiry character, which is abbreviated to ENQ.

Religion and culture

Hinduism
 The god Shiva has five faces and his Mantra is also called Panchakshari (Five Worded)
mantra.
 The goddess Saraswati, goddess of knowledge and intellectual is associated with Panchami
or number 5.
 There are five elements in this universe: Dharti, Agni, Jal, Vayu evam Akash (Earth, Fire,
Water, Air and Space respectively).
 The most sacred tree in Hinduism has 5 leaves in every leaf stunt.
 Most of the flowers have 5 petals in them.
 The epic Mahabharata revolves around the battle between Duryodhana and his 99 other
brothers and the 5 pandava princes -Dharma, Arjuna, Bhima, Nakula and Sahadeva.
Christianity
 There are traditionally Five Wounds of Jesus Christ in Christianity: the Scourging at the
Pillar, the Crowning with Thorns, the wounds in Christ's hands, the wounds in Christ's feet, and
the Side Wound of Christ.
Discordianism
 In Discordianism, 5 is seen as a very important number. This is demonstrated in the Law of
Fives, as well as in the Pentabarf, which contains five rules.
 Each page of the Principia Discordia—the primary religious document in Discordianism—is
labeled with five digits.
Islam