Fort Santiago Limasawa

- This is where the Retraction of Rizal happened. - Where the first mass was celebrated … The account of Albo’s log book
stated that the islands they saw while in Mazaua were located at
southwest.
Fort San Felipe
Resilience of the Moros for self-determination
- This is where the Cavite Mutiny took place.
- Is the plotical relevance of the raiders of the Sulu sea
Right of the Moros to exploit natural resources
Spoliarium
- Is the economic relevance of the raiders of the Sulu sea
- The center of the painting is the fallen gladiators being dragged by
Those who argue that Rizal did not retracted
roman soldiers
- The original text of Rizal’s retraction was found after 39 years
Sunday
True
- Was the day when the first mass was celebrated in Mazaua on March
- 31, 1521 . - The cry of Balintawak was the beginning of revolutionary government
Kalis The mutiny awakened the Filipinos on the justices of the Spaniards

- Tausug - Is the effect of the Cavite Mutening during the Spanish era
Kampilan True
- Ilanun - T.H. Padro de Tavera journal is pro Filipinos on the real version of the
Mutiny in Cavite.
Fernando Amorsolo’s painting of ‘rice planting’ portrayed the following
- According to T.H. Padro de Tavera the persecution served as stimulus
- Exhibited peaceful flume of steam which initiated the secret and passive resistence among Filipinos.
- Manifested the happiness of the farmers despite the difficulties in
Our lady of Loreto
planting
- Displayed the Filipino farmers in their bright clothes and hats. - In Cavite mutiny, the mutineers mistakenly followed as signal from
what feast in Sampaloc, Manila
True
- For Pres. Cory Aquino, Filipinos never benefited from the $26 billion
foreign debt.
Iranun/Ilanun tribe is Juan Luna
- Language is intelligible with the Maranaw - Spanish regime
- Portrayed as “merciless” in the documentary
Fernando Amorsolo
- Inhabited the Ilana bay area in southwest Mindanao
- American regime
True
Fort Pilar
- Caricatures bring us to the past and provide us a rich, dynamic and
contextual source of depicting events and realities - Is formerly known as Real Fuerza de San Jose, this was 17 th century
- Caricature is great manifestation of creativity of Filipinos in showing defense fortress built by Spanish colonial government in Zamboanga
the oppressions of Americans City.
- Raiders of the Sulu
The cry of Balintawak signify the following
The independent
- The beginning of the revolutionary government
- Filipinos determination to take arms - Is the weekly newspaper founded by Vinente Sotto
“You saw a nation, armed with courage and integrity, stand fast by Ferdinand Magellan
democracy against threats and corruption”
- Blood compact
- This is a phrase of the speech of Corazon Aquino the first woman
Pedro de Valderrama
president of the Philippines describing the said revolution
- First mass
True
Moros
- The RA 2733 indicated that Limasawa is the site of the first mass in the
Philippines. - Are considered indigenous group in Mindanao
True Few examples of Moros
- Weekly newspaper THE INDEPENDENT was founded by Vicente Sotto - Ilanun
on the different socio-political issues. - Balangingi
- Tausug
True
Political caricatures
- For Pres. Cory Aquino, Filipinos never benefited from the $26 billion
fereign debt. - Depict the pressing issues
- Is a mean to express sentiments of socio-polotical issues.
Precursor of Cavite Muteny Raiders
- Non-exemption from bandala (quota system) - Also seen as a struggle between freedom and preservation of identity
- Non-exemption from force labor over oppression and subjugation.
The introduction of steam ships was a game-changer in the battles
between the Spaniards and the Raiders of Sulu. Why?
- Because steam ships no longer relied on the wind for movement and
could easily go after ships of the raiders
True
- Americans used libel charges against the Filipinos who used their
freedom to press.
Vicente Balaguer
- Was the primary witness of Rizal’s retraction
The following is correct about Cory Aquino

- She was a congresswoman prior to her candidacy as a president in

1986
- She studies in Ney York City, NY, USA although she came from under
privileged family
- She became the Person of the year in 1986 in the TIME magazine’
To pick up the decapitated head of a slain enemy
- Was the purpose of the horns protruding from the blunt side of the
Kampilan
The beginning of Filipino Nationalism
- Is the best relevance of Cavite Mutiny
 ACM
RPH MIDTERM REVIEWER

UNWRITTEN SOURCES - sinuspend ito because of the PLAZA

- “non-textual sources”
MIRANDA BOMBING

- di nakasulat
2. 1972-1981

- examples:
- Martial Law Period

1. Film
3. 1983

2. Cartoon/Caricature
- Umuwi si Ninoy sa PH and pinatay and
3. Speech
binaril sa ulo

4. Paitings
- death of NINOY AQUINO

4. 1986

POLITICAL CARICATURE
- Snap Election

- Written in the American era

- Cory contender ni Marcos

- compilation from newspaper (editorial part)

- Salvador Luarel: unang candidate ng
- political expression & propaganda
opposition against Marcos

- NEWSPAPERS: - Napanalo ni Cory kasi may sakit

- Lipag Kalabaw
- Content ng Speech
- Bag-Ong Kusog
1. Declaration of Martial Law

- Philippine Free Press

2. Assassination of Ninoy Aquino

- The Independent
3. Snap Elections

- Pinaka prominent yung The Independent (radical/ - Context

palaban)
1. 1986, ano nangyari sa presidency ni Cory, she
- Vicente Sotto inherited an economy that is characterized by
- Father of Cebuano Letters
massive unemployment and poverty

- founder of The Independent

2. Malaking utang sa iba’t ibang bansa ni Marcos na
- Fernando Amorsolo minana ni Cory

- Cartoonist
3. 1986, meron paring elements w/in the military na
- The angriest of the Philippine cartoonist
loyal kay Marcos: Loyalty of the Military (problem)

- Pinaka Content sa iilang aspects:

1. Political Aspect: corruption, politicians, police
RAIDERS OF SULU SEA

2. Economic Aspect: during this time, Filipino - Slave raiding activities (3 Muslim Tribes)
became economic aliens; hindi Filipinos ang 1. Ilanun/Iranun

humahawak sa mga business

2. Balangingi

3. Sociocultural Aspect: use of education in the 3. Tausug

country; brainwashed Filipino, influence by - Spanish perspective na cinocolonized yung PH

American education
- Christianised island of Mindanao: FORT PILLAR
- This is not for visual entertainment
(ZAMBAONGA)

- Relevance (hot issue): - base operations, ROYAL FORT OF ST.

- depicts the temper of the time, problems, and JOSEPH (unang name bago Fort Pillar)

sentiment of the Filipinos

- Moro perspective
- pirates daw mga Moro para sa mata ng mga
PRESIDENT CORY—BEFORE US CONGRESS
Espanyol

- Cory Aquino - walang sibilisasyon

- Prominent from Tarlac

- actually they are FREEDOM FIGHTERS,
- Bachelor: USA
pinaglalaban yung IDENTITY and PRESERVE
- First female president of the PH
RELIGION

- Time Magazine’s Person of the Year

- pananaw: Freedom Fighters

- Speech - Relevance
- di siya yung nagsulat
1. Economic: Moros ay dapat may right to exploit
- yung nagsulat: EXECUTIVE SECRETARY their natural resources

TEODORO LOCSIN, JR.

2. Political: right of Moros to decide/self-
- dinagdagan lang ni Cory ng konti
determination

- Martial Law of Ferdinand Marcos

1. 1971

- Writ of Habeas Corpus (di pwedeng

arestuhin ng walang warrant of arrest)

ACM
 ACM
WORKS OF JUAN LUNA & FERNANDO AMORSOLO
- dito na-awaken yung FILIPINO NATIONALISM

- Juan Luna - Trinidad Pardo de Tavera

- prominent during the Spanish era because of - nagsulat ng Filipino side

SPOLIARIUM
- Labor issue yung mutiny because of this mutiny
- SPOLIARIUM:
nagka SECRET & PASSIVE RESISTANCE against
- won a gold medal @ National Expocision the Spaniards manifested with the execution of
of Fine Arts in Madrid
GOMBURZA

- pinatay yung asawa na si PAZ PARDO DE

TAVERA bcoz may kabit, pero nakalaya siya and RETRACTION OF RIZAL

nireason out niya na nababaliw sya dahil may - binabawi daw ni Rizal yung against sa Spaniards and
kabit asawa niya
Catholic Church

- Fernando Amorsolo - Evidences:

- 1st National Artist ng PH
1. Marriage ni Jose Rizal kay Josephine Bracken

- around 10,000 daw paintings niya

- nag-officiate ay si FR. VICENTE BALAGER

- meron siyang gawa yung sa Gin Bilog (Ginebra), 2. Nagcommunion si Rizal bago siya namatay

yung logo is yung least known work niya

3. Acts of Piety

- nagdadasal sa mga santo

SYMPOSIUM - RETRACTION PAPER ay PEYK DAW, FORGE DAW,

IMBENTO LANG DAW
FIRST MASS: BUTUAN OR LIMASAWA
- after 39 years lang nahanap

- Priest: Fr. Pedro Valderama - nahanap ni FR. MANUAL GARCIA

- officiated the first mass in PH

- after 39 years ng pagkamatay ni Rizal nung
- Sources: nahanap

1. Antonio Pigafetta (main primary source)

- Sacrament of Reconciliation
2. Francisco Albo (supporting primary source: - nagbalik sa pagiging Catholic

vague)
- FR VILLA CLARA, idenenounce/denounced mo
- BUTUAN muna yung masonry ni Rizal, tatalikuran yung
- Balanghay Boats: galing sa iba’t ibang lugar na pagiging mason bago makabalik sa Catholic

malapit sa Butuan
- Nakulong si Rizal sa Fort Santiago (wala, skl)

- Narinig daw nila na may first mass sa butuan,

nagpark sa pampang
CRY OF THE REVOLUTION

- Sinakto sa EASTER SUNDAY (resurrection ni - Pagpupunit ng CEDULA, and sinabing “LONG LIVE
Jesus): symbolic sa mga Catholic
THE PHILIPPINES”
- Pigafetta: abundant sa GOLD yung first mass (sa - Tax Certificate : CEDULA

Butuan daw to), wala daw GOLD sa Limasawa

- sign ng pakikipagbreak away nila sa Spanish
- LIMASAWA Authority/pagbreak sa pagsunod sa Espanyol

- Francisco Albo: isla, sinabi niya may cross - KKK Organization

nakabaon pero di niya binanggit na first mass itu
- Andres Bonifacio

- may mga islands daw which is Limasawa, - di well-organized or prepared

southwest daw base kay Albo

- madalas talo mga Katipunertz

- w/in KKK may TAGALOG REPUBLIC OR HARING

CAVITE MUTINY
BAYANG KATAGALUGAN

- naganap siya sa FORT SAN FILIPE, Cavite

- Sources
- may balak talaga magmutiny, papatayin lahat ng - Pio Valenzuela

Espanyol, paputok sa Manila: hudyat daw yon

- Santiago Alvarez

- Pista of Our Lady of Loreto

- Masangkay

- Grand conspiracy
- mga primary sources, walang consensus if Pugad
- Labor Issue: Lawin ba or Balintawak and di nag-aaggree sa
1. Polo y servicio
isa’t isa

2. Tributo (tax)

3. Maltreatment of workers sa Cavite

- Governor General Gabriel Escierdo

- winithdraw yung privileges ng mga nagtatrabaho
(sa totoo lang dapat exempted dapat sila sa
number 1 and 2 ng labor issue) sa San Filipe

- Execution ng Gomburza (mga repa)

- injustices ginagawa ng mga espanyol

ACM