CLEPPre Calculus

CLEP
Pre-Calculus
Section 1: For each question below, choose the best answer from
Time—30 Minutes the choices given. An online graphing calculator (non-
50 Questions CAS) is allowed to be used for this section.
1. According to the tables for f(x) and g(x) below, what is the value of [f + g](–1)?
x f(x) x g(x)
–2 4 –3 2
–1 3 –1 4
0 1 0 5
1 5 1 7
2 7 3 10
-
(A) 3
(B) 4
(C) 7
(D) 12
2. x2 − x − 6
Which of the following is equivalent to =?
x2 + 6 x + 8
(A) x
−
8
(B) x −3
x+4
(C) x+6
6x + 8
(D) 5x + 2
1
Copyright © 2006 CLEP is a registered trademark of the College Entrance Examination Board,
Peterson's which was not involved in the production of and does not endorse this product.
CLEP Pre-Calculus
3. Which of the following is true about the graph shown below?
(I) The range is { y : y ≥ 1}.

(II) The domain is all real numbers.
(III) The graph is not a function.
(A) I only
(B) II only
(C) III only
(D) I and II only
4. According to the graphs of f(x) and g(x) shown below, what is the value of [g – f](2)?
(A) –2
(B) 0
(C) 1
(D) 2
5. What is the slope of the line that contains the points (4, 9) and (–6, –11)?
(A) 1
(B) 2
(C) 3
(D) 4
2
CLEP Pre-Calculus
6. The grades for a certain student are shown in the table below. If each test is weighted equally, what grade
must the student receive on the fifth and final test to have an average of at least 90%?
Test Grade
#1 85%
#2 93%
#3 86%
#4 94%
-
(A) 89.5%
(B) 90%
(C) 90.5%
(D) 92%
7. What is the value of sin(75°)?
6+ 2
(A)
4
8
(B)
4
1
(C)
2
6− 2
(D)
4
8. Which of the following expresses the area of a square as a function of its perimeter?
P
(A) A=
4
P2
(B) A=
4
P2
(C) A=
16
(D) A = 4P
3
CLEP Pre-Calculus
9. Which of the following is true about the table below?
x f(x)
–3 8
–2 6
–1 4
0 3
1 2
–2 0
-
(A) The graph intersects the y-axis at (3, 0).
(B) The domain of the function is [–3, 1].
(C) The range of the function is [0, 8].
(D) None of the above
10. Let f(x) = 2x – 6 and let g(x) = 5x + 4. Which of the following is equivalent to [f × g](x)?
(A) 10x2 – 22x – 24

(B) 10x + 2
(C) –3x – 2
(D) 10x2 – 24
11. Find S so that the sum of the areas of the three figures below is less than 24.
(A) –2 < S < 6

(B) S < 2 or S < –6
(C) –6 < S < 2
(D) S < 12
4
CLEP Pre-Calculus
12. 1
Suppose cos(θ) = . What is the value of tan(θ)?
8
(A) 7 3
(B) 65
(C) 3 7
(D) 7
13. What is the domain of the function g ( x) = 2 x + 4 ?
(A) All real numbers greater than –2

(B) All real numbers greater than or equal to –2
(C) All real numbers greater than 2
(D) All real numbers
14. Find the exact value for x if 42x – 16 = 4.
2log(20)
(A)
log(4)
log(20)
(B)
log(4)
log(20)
(C)
2log(4)
log(4)
(D)
2log(20)
15. What is the circumference of the circle with equation (x – 3)2 + (y + 1)2 = 49?
(A) 7π
(B) 14π
(C) 28π
(D) 49π
5
CLEP Pre-Calculus
16. f
According to the graphs of f(x) and g(x) below, what is the domain of the function [ ]( x)?
g
(A) (−∞, 2) ∪ (2, ∞)

(B) (2, ∞)
(C) [0, ∞ )
(D) [0, 2) ∪ (2, ∞)
1
(A)
2
3
(B)
2
3+ 2
(C)
2
1
(D) −
2
18. Which of the following expresses the volume of a sphere as a function of the area inside a cross-section
through its center?
4πA3
(A) V=
3
4  A3 
(B) V=  
3  π 
4 A3
(C) V=
3
4A  A 
(D) V=  
3  π 
6
CLEP Pre-Calculus
19. 1
Find the range of the function h( x) = + 5.
2− x
(A) (−∞, 2)
(B) (5, ∞ )
(C) (−∞, ∞)
(D) (−∞,5)
20. 1
Find three functions, f(x), g(x), and h(x), such that [ f g h]( x) = F ( x) if F ( x) = .
cos( x) + 5
(A) 1
f ( x) = , g ( x) = x + 5, h( x) = cos( x)
x
(B) 1
f ( x) = cos( x), g ( x) = x, h( x) = x + 5
5
(C) 1
f ( x) = cos( x), g ( x) = x + , h( x) = x
5
(D) 1
f ( x) = cos( x), g ( x) = , h( x) = x + 5
x
21. If 5x + 4y = 16 and 6x – 3y = 9, what is the value of 2x + 1?
17
(A)
13
28
(B)
13
47
(C)
13
69
(D)
13
3
(A) −
2
1
(B)
2
3
(C)
2
(D) 3
7
CLEP Pre-Calculus
23. If h(x) = 4log(2x – 9), find h(5).
(A) 0
(B) 1
(C) 4
(D) 5
24. Which of the following statements is NOT true about the function f(x) = x2?
(A) The graph is a parabola with the vertex at (0, 0).

(B) The domain of the function is (−∞, ∞) .
(C) The function is an odd function.
(D) The range of the function is [0, ∞ ) .
25. Which of the following is an equation for the circle shown below?
(A) x2 + y2 = 9
(B) (x + 3)2 + (y + 2)2 = 9
(C) (x – 3)2 + (y – 2)2 = 9
(D) (x – 2)2 + (y – 3)2 = 9
26. 2
1 3
If x − 6 = 2, what is the value of x?
2
(A) 43 4
(B) 8
(C) 16
(D) 64
8
CLEP Pre-Calculus
27. What is the value of cos(150°)?
1
(A) −
2
3
(B) −
2
1
(C)
2
3
(D)
2
28. Which of the following expresses the volume of a cube as a function of the perimeter of one of its faces?
(A) V = P3
(B) V = 64 P3
P3
(C) V=
64
P2
(D) V=
16
29. Which of the following equations has a y-intercept of 1?
(A) y=x–1
(B) y = 2x – 1
(C) y = x2 + 3x – 1
(D) y = 2 x +3 – 7
9
CLEP Pre-Calculus
30. Let f(x) = x2 – 3 and let the values of g(x) be as shown in the table below:
x g( x )
–1 –4
0 –1
1 2
2 4
3 3
4 1
-
(A) 1
(B) 2
(C) 4
(D) 13
31. 2x − 3
What is the x-intercept of y = ?
4x
3
(A) −
2
2
(B) −
3
2
(C)
3
3
(D)
2
10
CLEP Pre-Calculus
32. p
If cot(θ) = , what is the value of csc(θ)?
6
(A) 36 + p 2
6
( p + 6)( p − 6)
(B)
6
p−6
(C)
6
6+ p
(D)
6
33. Find y if 5ytan(30°) = 10.
2
(A)
3
(B) 2
(C) 2 3
(D) 4
34. Shown below are the graphs of f(x) and g(x). What is the value of g(f(0))?
(A) 0
(B) 1
(C) 2
(D) 3
35. Which of the following could be an equation for the parabola with its vertex at the point (–6, 8) and a
vertical axis?
(A) (x + 6)2 = c(y – 8)

(B) (x – 6)2 = c(y + 8)
(C) (y + 6)2 = c(x – 8)
(D) (y – 6)2 = x(c + 8)
11
CLEP Pre-Calculus
36. 5x − 7
Which of the following is true about the graph of the equation y = ?
10 x + 6
3 3
(A) The domain of the function is (−∞, − ] ∪ [ − , ∞).
5 5
3
(B) The function is undefined at x = − .
5
(C) The range of the function is [0, ∞).
37. Let g(x) = x2 + 3x – 6 and let h(x) = 2x2 + 5x – 8. What is g(h(x))?
(A) 2x4 + 12x3 – x2 – 57x + 34

(B) 4x4 + 20x3 – x2 – 65x + 34
(C) 3x2 + 8x – 14
(D) 2x4 + 11x3 – 5x2 – 54x + 48
38. Suppose the rectangle portion of the figure below has a perimeter of 20 inches. Which of the following
expresses the area of the figure as a function of x?
x 2 (π − 8)
(A) A( x) = 10 x +
8
(B) A( x) = 10 − x + π( x) 2
(C) A( x) = x 2 (1 + π)
x 2 (π − 2)
(D) A( x) = 10 x +
2
12
CLEP Pre-Calculus
39. Which of the following is true about the graph shown below?
(A) The graph has a y-intercept of 3.

(B) The graph is of a quadratic equation.
(C) The domain of the function is [0, ∞) .
(D) The range of the function is [0, ∞) .
40. z
If cos(θ) = , what is the value of sin(θ)?
2
2− z
(A)
2
(B) 4 + z2
2
2+ z
(C)
2
(2 − z )(2 + z )
(D)
2
41. Find x if −6 x + 4 = 20.
8
(A) x = 4,
3
3 1
(B) x=− ,
8 4
8
(C) x=−
3
8
(D) x = − ,4
3
13
CLEP Pre-Calculus
42. Which of the following is true about the inverse of the function shown in the graph below?
(A) The domain of the function is all real numbers.

(B) The range of the function is all positive real numbers.
(C) The inverse is not a function.
43. Which of the following could be an equation for the graph shown below?
(A) y = (x + 2)3
(B) y = x3 + 2
(C) y = –(x + 2)3
(D) y = x3 – 2
44. What are the possible values for x if x2 + 5x – 6 = 0?
(A) –6, 1
(B) –3, 2
(C) –2, 3
(D) –1, 6
14
CLEP Pre-Calculus
45. ( x − 3) 2 ( y + 1) 2
The ellipse with equation + = 1 is centered at which of the following points?
4 9
(A) (3, –1)

(B) (–3, 1)
(C) (4, 9)
(D) (2, 3)
46. Which of the following is NOT true about the function represented in the table below?
x f(x)
0 –6
1 –3
2 0
3 3
4 6
5 9
-
(A) The function is increasing as x moves from 0 to 5.
(B) The graph intersects the x-axis at –6.
(C) The slope as x moves from 0 to 5 is 3.
(D) All of the above
15
CLEP Pre-Calculus
47. Let h(x) be the function represented in the table below and let g(x) be the function shown in the graph
below. What is the value of g(h(3))?
x h(x)
–3 –10
–1 –6
0 –2
1 0
3 4
5 7
(A) 0
(B) 2
(C) 4
(D) 5
48. Jeffrey’s job pays him $20 per hour and 15% commission on all of his sales. Last week, Jeffrey worked
40 hours and made $x in sales. Which of the following expresses the total amount of money that Jeffrey
made last week as a function of x?
(A) M = 800 + 0.15x

(B) M = 40x + 300
(C) M = 20x + 600
(D) M = 800 + 15x
16
CLEP Pre-Calculus
49. 3x − 9
Find the exact value for x if = 6.
4x
(A) –3
(B) 7
−
3
(C) 3
−
7
(D) 1
−
3
50. The graph shown below has asymptotes at which of the following?
(A) x = –2
(B) y=0
(C) Both A and B
17
CLEP Pre-Calculus
Section 2: For each question below, choose the best answer

Time—30 Minutes from the choices given. No calculator is allowed for
50 Questions this section.
51. Two buildings, facing each other, are separated by a distance of 40 feet. From the top of the first building
the angle of depression of the second building’s base is 60° and the angle of depression of the top of the
second building is 45°. What is the height of the second building?
(A) 40( 3 − 1)
40
(B)
3 −1
3 −1
(C)
40
40(1 − 3)
52. Which of the following is symmetric with respect to the origin?
(A) f(x) = x2
(B) f(x) = cos(x)
(C) f(x) = x3
53. 3 4
Calculate x4 ⋅ x3 rounded to the nearest whole number if x = 16.
(A) 16
(B) 192
(C) 256
(D) 323
54. Let f(x) = x2 – 9x + 7 and let g(x) = 3x2 – 4x – 10. What is the value of f(g(2))?
(A) –13
(B) 42
(C) 97
(D) 165
18
CLEP Pre-Calculus
55. ( x + 9)2 ( y − 6) 2
The hyperbola with equation − = 1 is centered at which of the following points?
49 36
(A) (–9, 6)
(B) (6, –9)
(C) (9, –6)
(D) (7, 6)
56. A girl is flying a kite that is 18 feet high. If the string of the kite forms a 60° angle with the ground and
the girl is holding the kite 3 feet off the ground, what is the length of the string?
(A) 15
3
(B) 30
3
(C) 30
(D) 3
30
57. According to the graphs of f(x) and g(x) below, what is the domain of [f + g](x)?
(A) (−∞, ∞)
(B) [2, ∞)
(C) (2, ∞)
(D) (−∞, 2)
19
CLEP Pre-Calculus
58. The length of a rectangle is 4 more than 2 times the width. Which of the following is an equation for the
length of the diagonal of the rectangle in terms of the width?
(A) d = 4 + 2w
(B) d = 4w2 + 16 w + 16
(C) d = 5w2 + 16 w + 16
(D) d = 5w2 + 16w + 16
59. Find all solutions to the equation below:
1 2 1 2
n − n−4= .
2 3 5
(A) –3.34, –2.67

(B) –3.34, 2.67
(C) –2.67, 3.34
(D) 2.67, 3.34
60.
9 − x2
Which of the following best describes the domain of the function h( x) = ?
x−2
(A) [−3, 2) ∪ (2,3]

(B) (−∞, 2) ∪ (2, ∞)
(C) (−∞, −3) ∪ (−3,3) ∪ (3, ∞)
(D) All real numbers
61. 4+ x
Let f(x) = 3x2 – 4x – 5 and let g ( x) = . What is the value of [f – g](5)?
3x
(A) –5.68
(B) 0.049
(C) 49.8
(D) 50.2
20
CLEP Pre-Calculus
62. According to the diagram below, what is the approximate value of θ ?
(A) 37°
(B) 49°
(C) 53°
(D) 59°
63. Find and approximate value for x if 34x – 14 = 7.
(A) 0.69
(B) 1.44
(C) 2.77
(D) 11.08
64. What is the range of the function y = cos(x)?
(A) [–1, 1]
(B) All real numbers
(C) (0, 1)
(D) (–1, 0)
65. What is the midpoint of line segment PQ if P = (7, 4) and Q = (15, 8)?
(A) (4, 2)
(B) (8, 4)
(C) (11, 6)
(D) (22, 12)
21
CLEP Pre-Calculus
66. Suppose f ( x) = log(2 x − 8) and g ( x) = 3 x + 6. Which of the following best describes the domain of the
function [f x g](x)?
(A) [−2, ∞)
(B) (−∞, ∞)
(C) (4, ∞)
(D) [−2,4) ∪ (4, ∞)
67. 3
Suppose 2sin(θ) cos(θ) = . What is the approximate value of θ ?
4
(A) 21°
(B) 24°
(C) 41°
(D) 49°
68. Suppose the volume of a cylinder is 30 cubic inches. Which of the following is an expression of the
surface area of the cylinder in terms of its radius?
60
(A) S=
r
60
(B) S = 2π(r )2 +
r
30
(C) S=
π(r )2
30
(D) S = 2π(r ) 2 +
π( r ) 2
22
CLEP Pre-Calculus
69. According to the graphs of f(x) and g(x) shown below, what is the value of [f × g](2)?
(A) –2
(B) –1
(C) 1
(D) 2
70. Which of the following best describes the range of the function y = (x + 1)2?
(A) All real numbers

(B) All real numbers greater than or equal to 0
(C) All real numbers greater than or equal to 1
(D) All positive integers
71. Find the lengths of the two legs of the triangle shown below if the sum of all three sides is 12.
(A) 3, 4
(B) 4 3
,
3 2
(C) 1, 2
(D) Both B and C
23
CLEP Pre-Calculus
72. Rounded to the nearest whole number, what is the value of x in the diagram shown below?
(A) 4
(B) 5
(C) 7
(D) 10
73. f
According to the tables of values below for f(x) and g(x), what is the value of [ ](2)?
g
x f(x) g(x)
–3 5 –8
–2 3 –5
0 1 1
2 2 3
3 6 7
-
2
(A)
3
3
(B)
2
(C) 3
(D) 6
24
CLEP Pre-Calculus
74. Find all values of q that satisfy the system of equations shown below:
3 p 2 + 2 pq − 4q 2 = 14

 2 p + q = 6
(A) 1.44, –2.14
(B) 2.28, 4.07
(C) 10.56, 14.14
(D) –3.14, –10.28
75. Which of the following could be an equation for the parabola shown below?
(A) (y + 2)2 = c(x – 1)

(B) (y + 2)2 = c(y – 1)
(C) (y – 1)2 = c(x + 2)
(D) (y + 1)2 = c(x – 2)
76. 3f
Let f(x) = 2x2 + 6x –7 and let g(x) = 3x2 – 4x + 12. What is the value of [ ](3)?
2g
58
(A)
81
29
(B)
27
29
(C)
18
17
(D)
9
25
CLEP Pre-Calculus
77. Find a range of values for p if 4 − 5 p ≤ 24.
(A) p ≤ −4
28
(B) −4 ≤ p ≤
5
28
(C) p ≤ −4 or p ≥
5
28
(D) 4≤ p≤
5
78. The length of a rectangle is 6 less than 2 times the width. If the area of this rectangle is 36 square inches,
what is the length of the diagonal, measured in inches?
(A) 6
(B) 6
(C) 2 3
(D) 6 2
79. According to the table of values for f(x) and g(x) below, what is the value of [ f g ](2)?
x f(x) g(x)
–6 8 –10
–4 5 –6
–2 4 –1
0 2 3
2 0 4
4 –2 6
-
(A) –2
(B) 0
(C) 3
(D) 4
26
CLEP Pre-Calculus
80. Find the range of y = 3x − 9.
(A) [3, ∞)
(B) (0, ∞)
(C) [0, ∞)
(D) (−∞, ∞)
81. A right triangle has legs of length 6 inches and 8 inches. What is the measure of the angle opposite the 6-
inch leg?
(A) 48.6°
(B) 41.41°
(C) 53.13°
(D) 36.87°
82. Which of the following values for x and y satisfies the system of equations below?
 2 x + 4 y = 20

3 x − 5 y = 26
102 4
(A) x= ,y=
11 11
94 102
(B) x=− ,y=
11 11
9 11
(C) x= ,y=
2 4
118 4
(D) x= ,y=−
11 11
27
CLEP Pre-Calculus
83. Which of the following graphs show an even function?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
28
CLEP Pre-Calculus
84. A 20-foot high house is sighted from the top of a tree. The angle of depression to the top of the house and
the base of the house is 30° and 45° respectively. How far is the house from the tree?
20
(A) 1
1−
3
20
(B)
1− 3
3
(C) 1−
20
(D) Cannot be determined
85. Which of the following could be an equation for the ellipse shown below?
( x + 3)2 ( y − 3) 2
(A) + =1
25 9
( x − 3) 2 ( y + 3) 2
(B) + =1
25 9
( x + 3)2 ( y − 3) 2
(C) + =1
5 3
( x − 3) 2 ( y + 3) 2
(D) + =1
5 3
86. Which of the following is true about the function f(x) = 4x – x3?
(A) It is an even function.

(B) The domain is [0, ∞) .
(C) It is an odd function.
29
CLEP Pre-Calculus
87. 3x − 2 6x −1
What is the x-coordinate of the intersection point of y = and y = ?
3 5
7
(A) −
3
3
(B) −
7
3
(C)
7
7
(D)
3
88. The figure below shows a rectangle combined with an equilateral triangle. If the perimeter of the entire
figure is 30 feet, which of the following is an expression of the area of the figure as a function of x?
x2 3 3x 2
(A) A( x) = + 15 x −
4 2
x2 3x2
(B) A( x) = + 15 x −
2 2
x2 3x2
(C) A( x) = + 15 x −
2 2 2
x2 3
(D) A( x) = + x(15 − 2 x)
4
89. Find the x-intercept(s) of the graph of y = x2 – 3x – 4.
(A) x = –1,x = –4
(B) x = –1,x = 4
(C) x = 1,x = –4
(D) x = 1,x = 4
30
CLEP Pre-Calculus
90. Rounded to the nearest thousandth, what is the value of s if 16scos(20°) = 5s + 2?
(A) 0.010
(B) 0.199
(C) 0.665
(D) 1.309
91. Which of the following is an equation for the function represented in the table below?
x y
–4 15
–3 8
–2 3
–1 0
0 –1
1 0
2 3
-
(A) y = x2 – 1
(B) y = x2 + 1
(C) y=x–1
(D) y = x2 + 2x – 1
92. A woman is walking along a straight road. She notices the top of a building subtending an angle of 30°
with the ground at the point where she is standing. If the building is 50 feet tall, how far is the woman
from the building?
(A) 86.6 feet

(B) 28.9 feet
(C) 57.7 feet
(D) 100 feet
31
CLEP Pre-Calculus
93. Which of the following is equivalent to x2 – 9x + 20?
(A) (x – 5)(x – 4)
(B) (x + 5)(x – 4)
(C) (x – 5)(x + 4)
(D) (x + 5)(x + 4)
94. What is the slope of the linear function represented in the table below?
x y
0 –6
1 –1
2 4
3 9
4 14
5 19
-
(A) –6
(B) 2
(C) –5
(D) 5
32
CLEP Pre-Calculus
95. Which of the following could be an equation for the hyperbola shown below?
( y − 5)2 ( x + 4)2
(A) − =1
a2 b2
( x + 4)2 ( y − 5)2
(B) − =1
a2 b2
( y + 5) 2 ( x − 4)2
(C) − =1
a2 b2
y2 x2
(D) − =1
25 16
33
CLEP Pre-Calculus
96. Which of the following could be an equation for the table below?
x y
–2 –9
–1 –3
1 9
2 15
3 21
4 27
5 33
-
(A) y = 6x + 3
(B) y = 6x + 21
(C) y = 8x – 3
(D) y = 8x + 3
97. Which of the following is equivalent to 3x(2x + 4xy + 4y) + 2y(2x + 6xy)?
(A) 46x7y5
(B) 2x(3x + 6xy + 6y2 + 8y)
(C) 2x(3x + 12xy2 + 8y)
(D) 12xy(2x + x + y + 4)
98. A number x is first decreased by 25%, and then the result is increased by 10%. Which of the following
functions could be used to determine the final result?
(A) f(x) = 0.15x

(B) f(x) = 0.825x
(C) f(x) = 0.275x
(D) f(x) = 0.35x
34
CLEP Pre-Calculus
99. 1
The graph of the function y = 2
has vertical asymptotes at which of the following?
6 x + 10 x − 24
4
(A) x=
3
(B) y = −3
(C) x = −3
(D) Both A and C
100. The rectangle has an area of 16 square inches and a perimeter of 20 inches. What are the dimensions of
this rectangle?
(A) 1 inch by 16 inches

(B) 2 inches by 8 inches
(C) 4 inches by 4 inches
(D) 4 inches by 6 inches
35
ANSWER KEY
CLEP Pre-Calculus
1. The correct answer is C. The algebraic combination, [f + g](x), is defined as f(x) + g(x). According to the
table, f(–1) = 3 and g(–1) = 4. Now find the sum:
[ f + g ](−1) = f (−1) + g (−1)

= 3+ 4
= 7.
2. The correct answer is B. Factor the expressions in the numerator and the denominator:
x2 − x − 6 ( x + 2)( x − 3)
2
=
x + 6 x + 8 ( x + 2)( x + 4)
x−3
= .
x+4
3. The correct answer is D. The graph passes the vertical line test, so the graph is a function. Statement III is
not true. The minimum point of the graph is (0, 1), which implies that the range of the function is all real
numbers greater than or equal to 1. Statement II is true. Looking at the graph, all x values correspond to a y
value. The domain is all real numbers. Statement I is true.
4. The correct answer is A. The algebraic combination [g – f](x) is defined as g(x) – f(x). According to the
graphs, g(2) = 0 and f(2) = 2. Now subtract to find the difference:
[ g − f ](2) = g (2) − f (2)

=0−2
= −2.
5. The correct answer is B. Plug the given coordinates into the formula for the slope:
y2 − y1
slope =
x2 − x1
−11 − 9
=
−6 − 4
−20
=
−10
= 2.
6. The correct answer is D. The average is calculated by dividing the sum of the test scores by the number
of tests. Let x equal the score on the fifth and final test:
ANSWER KEY - Page 36

ANSWER KEY
Recovered Master File (8/5/11.1:52:28.PM PDT)
sum of scores
Average =
number of tests
85 + 93 + 86 + 94 + x
=
5
358 + x
= .
5
Now plug in 90 for the average and use an inequality sign to represent the situation in terms of x:
358 + x
90 ≤
5
358 + x
90(5) ≤ ( )(5)
5
450 ≤ 358 + x
450 − 358 ≤ 358 + x − 358
92 ≤ x.
7. The correct answer is A. Use the addition formula for the sine function:
sin(α + β) = sin(α) cos(β) + cos(α)sin(β)

sin(75°) = sin(45° + 30°)
= sin(45°) cos(30°) + cos(45°)sin(30°)
2 3 2 1
=( )( ) + ( )( )
2 2 2 2
6 2
= +
4 4
6+ 2
= .
4
8. The correct answer is C. Let x equal the length of one of the edges of the square. The perimeter of a
P
square is calculated using the formula P = 4x. Solving for x gives x = . Plug this value into the formula for
4
the area of a square:

ANSWER KEY
A = x2
P
= ( )2
4
P2
= .
16
9. The correct answer is D. In the table, –2 is assigned to two different values of f(x). This means that f(x) is
not a function. Choices B and C are not correct. The point (0, 3) lies on the graph, so the curve will intersect
the x-axis at this point. Choice A is also not correct.
10. The correct answer is A. The algebraic combination [f × g](x) is defined as f(x) × g(x). Multiply the
equation for f(x) by the equation for g(x) and combine like terms to find the simplified product:
[ f × g ]( x) = f ( x) × g ( x)
= (2 x − 6) × (5 x + 4)
= 10 x 2 + 8 x − 30 x − 24
= 10 x 2 − 22 x − 24.
11. The correct answer is C. Write an equation for the sum of the area of the three figures. Then solve the
inequality for S:
Area = ( S )( S ) + (2)(2 S ) + (3)(4) < 24

S 2 + 4 S + 12 < 24
S 2 + 4 S − 12 < 0
( S − 2)( S + 6) < 0.
In order for (S – 2)(S + 6) to be less than zero, one of the factors must be negative and one must be positive:
( S − 2) > 0 and ( S + 6) < 0

S > 2 and S < −6
OR
( S − 2) < 0 and ( S + 6) > 0
S < 2 and S > −6.
Since the first solution is impossible, the value of S must lie between –6 and 2.
1
12. The correct answer is C. Since sec(θ) = , use the identity tan 2 (θ) + 1 = sec2 (θ) :
cos(θ)

ANSWER KEY
1
sec(θ) =
cos(θ)
1
=
1
8
=8
tan 2 (θ) + 1 = sec2 (θ)
tan 2 (θ) + 1 = (8)2
tan 2 (θ) + 1 = 64
tan 2 (θ) = 63
tan(θ) = 63
= 3 7.
13. The correct answer is B. In order for 2 x + 4 to be a real number, 2x + 4 must be greater than or equal
to 0. Find x so that this inequality is satisfied:
2x + 4 ≥ 0
2x + 4 − 4 ≥ 0 − 4
2 x ≥ −4
x ≥ −2.
The domain is all real numbers greater than or equal to –2.
14. The correct answer is C. This equation can be solved using the logarithmic function:
42 x − 16 = 4
42 x = 20
log(42 x ) = log(20)
2 x log(4) = log(20)
log(20)
x= .
2log(4)
15. The correct answer is B. The standard form for the equation of the circle centered at (h, k) and with
radius r is (x – h)2 + (y – k)2 = r2. In this case, the radius of the circle is equal to 49, or 7. Use this value for
the radius to calculate the circumference:

ANSWER KEY
C = 2π(r )
= 2π(7)
= 14π.
f
16. The correct answer is D. The domain of the algebraic combination [ ]( x) is defined as
g
dom( f ) ∩ dom( g ), with the added condition that g(x) ≠ 0. According to the graph, the domain of f(x) is all
real numbers greater than or equal to 0, or [0, ∞). The domain of g(x) is all real numbers, or (−∞, ∞). The
intersection of the domains of f(x) and g(x) is [0, ∞). Also, g(2) = 0, so 2 must be excluded from the domain.
f
The domain of [ ]( x) is [0, 2) ∪ (2, ∞).
g
17. The correct answer is A. Use the addition formula for the sine function:
sin(α + β) = sin(α) cos(β) + cos(α)sin(β)

sin(150°) = sin(60° + 90°)
3 1
=( )(0) + ( )(1)
2 2
1
=0+
2
1
= .
2
18. The correct answer is D. Let r equal the radius of the sphere. A cross-section of the sphere will be a
circle of radius r. Use the formula for the area of a circle to solve for r:
A = π(r )2
A
= r2
π
A
= r.
π
Now plug this value into the equation for the volume of a sphere:

ANSWER KEY
4
V= π(r )3
3
4 A 3
= π( )
3 π
4 A A
= π( )( )
3 π π
4A A
= ( ).
3 π
19. The correct answer is B. First find the domain of the function. In order for h(x) to be a real number,
2 − x ≥ 0, so x ≤ 2 and 2 − x ≠ 0, which means that x cannot be equal to 2. The domain of h(x) is (−∞, 2).
1
As x runs through (−∞, 2), takes on all positive values. The range of h(x) is (5, ∞).
2− x
20. The correct answer is A. The function F(x) consists of taking the cosine of x, adding 5, then inverting.
1
Set h(x) = cos(x), g(x) = x + 5, and f ( x) = . Calculate [ f g h]( x) to be sure it equals the function F(x):
x
[ f g h]( x) = f ( g (h( x)))

= f ( g (cos( x)))
= f (cos( x) + 5)
1
=
cos( x) + 5
= F ( x).
21. The correct answer is D. Multiply the first equation through by 3:
5 x + 4 y = 16
3(5 x + 4 y = 16)
15 x + 12 y = 48.
Multiply the second equation through by 4:
6x − 3y = 9
4(6 x − 3 y = 9)
24 x + 12 y = 36.

ANSWER KEY
Add the equations together, canceling out the y terms leaving a linear equation that can be solved for x:
15 x + 12 y = 48
24 x − 12 y = 36
39 x = 84
84 28
x= = .
39 13
Calculate 2x + 1:
28
2 x + 1 = 2( ) +1
13
56 13
= +
13 13
69
= .
13
22. The correct answer is C. Use the subtraction formula for the sine function:
sin(α − β) = sin(α) cos(β) − cos(α )sin(β)

sin(120°) = sin(180° − 60°)
= sin(180°) cos(60°) − cos(180°)sin(60°)
1 3
= (0)( ) − (−1)( )
2 2
3
= 0 − (− )
2
3
= .
2
23. The correct answer is A. Plug 5 in for x in the equation for h(x):
h( x) = 4log(2 x − 9)
h(5) = 4log(2(5) − 9)
= 4log(10 − 9)
= 4log(1)
= 4(0)
= 0.
24. The correct answer is C. The function f(x) = x2 satisfies the following property:

ANSWER KEY
f (− x) = (− x) 2
= x2
= f ( x).
Therefore, the function f(x) = x2 must be an even function and cannot be an odd function.
25. The correct answer is C. The standard form for the equation of the circle centered at (h, k) and with
radius r is (x – h)2 + (y – k)2 = r2. According to the graph, the circle is centered at (3, 2) and has a radius of 3.
An equation for this circle is (x – 3)2 + (y – 2)2 = 9.
26. The correct answer is D.

2
1 3
x −6= 2
2
2
1 3
x =8
2
2
x 3 = 16
2 3 3
( x 3 ) 2 = (16) 2
1
x = (16 2 )3
= ( 16)3
= 43
= 64.
27. The correct answer is B. Use the subtraction formula for the cosine function:
cos(α − β) = cos(α) cos(β) + sin(α)sin(β)

cos(150°) = cos(180° − 30°)
= cos(180°) cos(30°) + sin(180°)sin(30°)
 3 1
= (−1)   + (0)  
 2  2
 3
=  −  + (0)
 2 
3
=− .
2

ANSWER KEY
28. The correct answer is C. Let x equal the length of an edge of the cube. The perimeter of a face of the
P
cube is calculated by P = 4x. Solving for x gives x = . Plug this value into the formula for the volume of a
4
cube:
V = x3
3
P
= 
4
P3
= .
64
29. The correct answer is D. Plug x = 0 into each of the equations to find which one has a y-intercept of 1:
(A) y = x − 1
= 0 −1
= −1
(B) y = 2 x − 1
= 2(0) − 1
= 0 −1
= −1.
(C) y = x 2 + 3x − 1
= (0)2 + 3(0) − 1
= 0 + 0 −1
= −1
(D) y = 2 x +3 − 7
= 2(0) +3 − 7
= 23 − 7
=8−7
= 1.
The equation given in choice D, y = 2 x +3 – 7 has a y-intercept of 1.

ANSWER KEY
30. The correct answer is D. The notation f(g(2)) indicates that the value of g(2) must be determined first
and then that value must be plugged into the equation of f(x). Looking at the table, when x = 2, g(x) = 4, and
g(2) = 4. Now, plug 4 into the equation f(x):
f ( x) = x 2 − 3
f (4) = (4)2 − 3
= 16 − 3
= 13.
So, f(g(2)) = 13.
31. The correct answer is D. Plug y + 0 into the equation and solve for x:
2x − 3
y=
4x
2x − 3
0=
4x
2x − 3
4 x(0) = (4 x)( )
4x
0 = 2x − 3
3 = 2x
3
= x.
2
2x − 3 3
The x-intercept of y = is .
4x 2

ANSWER KEY
32. The correct answer is A. Use the identity 1 + cot 2 (θ) = csc2 (θ) to solve for csc(θ) :
1 + cot 2 (θ) = csc2 (θ)

p
1 + ( )2 = csc2 (θ)
6
36 p 2
+ = csc2 (θ)
36 36
36 + p 2
= csc(θ).
6
33. The correct answer is C. First, calculate the tangent of 30°:
sin θ
tan θ =
cos θ
sin 30°
tan 30° =
cos30°
1
= 2
3
2
1 2
= ×
2 3
1
= .
3
Plug this value into the equation and solve for y:
5 y tan 30° = 10
 1 
5y  = 10
 3
10 3
y=
5
= 2 3.

ANSWER KEY
34. The correct answer is C. According to the graph of f(x), f(0) = 1. Now look at the graph of g(x) to find
the value of g(1), which is 2.
35. The correct answer is A. The standard from for a parabola with a vertical axis and its vertex at the point
(h, k) is (x – h)2 = c(y – k). An equation for this particular parabola is (x + 6)2 = c(y – 8).
36. The correct answer is B. The function is undefined when 10x + 6 = 0:
10 x + 6 = 0
10 x = −6
6
x=−
10
3
=− .
5
3
The function is undefined at x = − .
5
37. . The correct answer is B. Plug the equation for h(x) into the equation for g(x):
g (h( x)) = g (2 x 2 + 5 x − 8)
= (2 x 2 + 5 x − 8)2 + 3(2 x 2 + 5 x − 8) − 6
= (4 x 4 + 20 x3 − 7 x 2 − 80 x + 64) + (6 x 2 + 15 x − 24) − 6
= 4 x 4 + 20 x3 − x 2 − 65 x + 34.
38. The correct answer is A. Use the perimeter to find an expression for the width in terms of x:
P = 2x + 2 y
20 = 2 x + 2 y
20 − 2 x = 2 y
10 − x = y.
Plug this value into the formula for the area of a rectangle to find an expression for the area in terms of x:
A = xy
= x(10 − x)
= 10 x − x 2 .

ANSWER KEY
Calculate the area of the semicircle, which is one-half of the area of the circle with the same radius. Also
x
notice that the radius is :
2
π × r2
A=
2
x
π × ( )2
= 2
2
π( x ) 2
= .
8
Add the two areas together to find the area of the entire figure:
π( x ) 2
A = 10 x − x 2 +
8
8 x 2 π( x)2
= 10 x − +
8 8
x 2 (π − 8)
= 10 x + .
8
39. The correct answer is A. The graph shows a function that has a domain of all real numbers as well as a
range of all real numbers. This eliminates choices C and D. Also, if the graph were that of a quadratic
function, it would be a parabola. This eliminates choice B. Since the graph intersects the y-axis at the point
(0, 3), it has a y-intercept of 3. The statement given in choice A is true.
40. The correct answer is D. Use the identity sin 2 (θ) + cos 2 (θ) = 1:
sin 2 (θ) + cos 2 (θ) = 1

z
sin 2 (θ) + ( ) 2 = 1
2
z2
sin 2 (θ) + =1
4
4 − z2
sin 2 (θ) =
4
(2 − z )(2 + z )
sin(θ) = .
2

ANSWER KEY
41. The correct answer is D. Since the equation involves an absolute value, there are two potential solutions:
−6 x + 4 = 20
−6 x + 4 − 4 = 20 − 4
−6 x = 16
−6 x 16
=
−6 −6
8
x=−
3
or
−6 x + 4 = −20
−6 x + 4 − 4 = −20 − 4
−6 x = −24
−6 x −24
=
−6 −6
x = 4.
42. The correct answer is C. The inverse of a function can be found by reflecting the graph across the line y
= x, as shown below.
Since this graph would not pass the Vertical Line Test, it cannot be a function.
43. The correct answer is A. The graph crosses through the point (–2, 0), which eliminates choices B and D.
Also, when x = 0, the y-coordinate is positive. The only answer choice that has both of these properties is
choice A.

ANSWER KEY
44. The correct answer is A. The equation can be solved either by factoring or by using the quadratic
formula:
Factoring:
x2 + 5x − 6 = 0
( x − 1)( x + 6) = 0
x −1 = 0
x =1
x+6=0
x = −6.
Quadratic Formula:
ax 2 + bx + c = 0
−b ± b 2 − 4ac
x=
2a
−5 ± (5)2 − 4(1)(−6)
x=
2(1)
−5 ± 49
=
2
= −6,1.
45. The correct answer is A. The standard form of the equation for an ellipse centered at the point (h, k) is
( x − h)2 ( y − k )2
+ = 1. In this case, the ellipse is centered at the point (3, –1).
a2 b2

ANSWER KEY
46. The correct answer is B. Consider each statement. As x moves from 0 to 5, the values of f(x) steadily
increase. The statement in choice A is true. According to the table, when f(x) = 0, x is equal to 2. The graph
intersects the x-axis at 2. The statement in choice B is not true about the function. Calculate the slope as x
goes from 0 to 5:
y2 − y1
slope =
x2 − x1
9 − (−6)
=
5−0
15
=
5
= 3.
The slope on this interval is 3, so the statement in choice C is true. The only statement that is not true about
the function is the one given in choice B.
47. The correct answer is B. Use the table to find the value of h(3), which is 4. Then use the graph to find
the value of g(4), which is 2. The value of g(h(3)) is 2.
48. The correct answer is A. Since Jeffrey worked for 40 hours at $20 per hour, he earned $800. He also
made 15% of x dollars, which is equal to 0.15x. In total, Jeffrey earned $800 + 0.15x last week.
49. The correct answer is C. Multiply both sides of the equation by 4x, leaving a linear equation that can be
solved for x:
 3x − 9 
(4 x)   = (4 x)(6)
 4x 
3 x − 9 = 24 x
3x − 3 x − 9 = 24 x − 3 x
−9 = 21x
9 3
x=− =− .
21 7
50. The correct answer is C. The graph shows that the function approaches x = –2 in the vertical direction
and y = 0 in the horizontal direction, but never touches either of the two lines. The function has asymptotes at
x = –2 and y = 0.

ANSWER KEY
51. The correct answer is A. Draw a diagram to represent the situation:
opposite
Use the trigonometric identity tan(θ) = :
adjacent
BE
tan(45°) =
40
BE
1=
40
BE = 40.
Also,
AB
tan(60°) =
40
AB
3=
40
AB = 40 3.
Notice that CD = AB − BE :
CD = 40 3 − 40
= 40( 3 − 1).
52. The correct answer is C. Functions that are symmetric about the origin are also odd functions. Since f(x)
= x3 is the only answer choice that has the property f(–x) = –f(x), choice C is correct.

ANSWER KEY
53. The correct answer is D. Plug the value 16 in for x in the given equation. Then, using a calculator,
perform the operations to find an approximation:
3
(16) 4 = ( 4 16)3
= (2)3
= 8.
4
(16) 3 = ( 3 16)4
≈ (2.52)4
≈ 40.33.
3 4
(16) × (16) 3
4 ≈ 8 × 40.33
≈ 322.64
≈ 323.
54. The correct answer is C. First determine the value of g(2) by plugging 2 into the equation of g(x):
g ( x) = 3x 2 − 4 x − 10
g (2) = 3(2)2 − 4(2) − 10
= 3(4) − 8 − 10
= 12 − 8 − 10
= −6.
Now plug –6 into the equation of f(x) for x:
f ( x) = x 2 − 9 x + 7
f (−6) = (−6)2 − 9(−6) + 7
= 36 + 54 + 7
= 97.
55. The correct answer is A. The standard form of the equation for a hyperbola centered at the point (h, k)
( x − h) 2 ( y − k ) 2
and with a horizontal axis is − = 1. In this case, the hyperbola is centered at (–9, 6).
a2 b2
56. The correct answer is B. Draw a diagram illustrating the situation:

ANSWER KEY
opposite
Use the trigonometric identity sin(θ) = :
hypotenuse
15
sin(60°) =
x
3 15
=
2 x
x 3 = 30
30
x= .
3
57. The correct answer is B. The domain of the algebraic combination [f + g](x) is defined as
dom( f ) ∩ dom( g ). According to the graph, the domain of f(x) is all real numbers, or (−∞, ∞ ), and the
domain of g(x) is all real numbers greater than or equal to 2, or [2, ∞). The intersection of the domain of f(x)
and the domain of g(x) is [2, ∞).
58. The correct answer is D. Let l equal the length of the rectangle, let w equal the width of the rectangle,
and let d equal the length of the diagonal of the rectangle. The length is 4 more than 2 times the width, so l =
4 + 2w. Now use the Pythagorean theorem to find the length of the diagonal:
a 2 + b2 = c2
(4 + 2 w)2 + w2 = d 2
16 + 16 w + 4 w2 + w2 = d 2
5w2 + 16 w + 16 = d 2
5w2 + 16w + 16 = d .

ANSWER KEY
59. The correct answer is C. Use the quadratic formula to find an approximate solution to the equation:
1 2 1 2
n − n−4=
2 3 5
1 2 1 22
n − n− =0
2 3 5
1 2 1 22
± − 4( )( − )
n= 3 9 2 5
1
2( )
2
1
= ± 9.022
3
≈ −2.67,3.34.
60. The correct answer is A. The 9 − x 2 is only a real number when 9 − x 2 ≥ 0 :
9 − x2 ≥ 0
9 ≥ x2
−3 ≤ x ≤ 3.
Also, the function h(x) is undefined when x – 2 = 0 or x = 2. The domain of h(x) is all real numbers greater
then or equal to –3 and less then or equal to 3, not including 2.
61. The correct answer is C. The algebraic combination [f – g](x) is defined as f(x) – g(x). Plug x – 5 into the
equation of f(x) to find f(5):
f ( x) = 3x 2 − 4 x − 5
f (5) = 3(5) 2 − 4(5) − 5
= 3(25) − 20 − 5
= 75 − 20 − 5
= 50.
Now plug x = 5 into the equation for g(x) to find g(5):

ANSWER KEY
4+ x
g ( x) =
3x
4 + (5)
g (5) =
3(5)
9
=
15
3
=
15
1
= .
5
Now subtract to find the difference:
[ f − g ](5) = f (5) − g (5)

1
= 50 −
5
250 1
= −
5 5
249
=
5
≈ 49.8.
opposite
62. The correct answer is C. Use the trigonometric identity tan(θ) = to calculate the tangent of θ,
adjacent
then use inverse trigonometric functions to find the value of θ :
opposite
tan(θ) =
adjacent
4
tan(θ) =
3
4
tan −1 (tan(θ)) = tan −1 ( )
3
θ ≈ 53°.
63. The correct answer is A. Solve the equation using the logarithmic function, then use a calculator to find
an approximation for x:

ANSWER KEY
34 x − 14 = 7
34 x = 21
log(34 x ) = log(21)
4 x log(3) = log(21)
log(21)
x=
4log(3)
≈ 0.69.
64. The correct answer is A. Graph the function to observe which y values have corresponding x values:
The y values range from –1 to 1. The range of the function is [–1, 1].
65. The correct answer is C. Plug the given coordinates into the midpoint formula:
x1 + x2 y1 + y2
M =( , )
2 2
7 + 15 4 + 8
=( , )
2 2
22 12
=( , )
2 2
= (11,6).

ANSWER KEY
66. The correct answer is C. The domain of the algebraic combination [f x g](x) is defined to be
dom( f ) ∩ dom( g ). The function f(x) is only defined when 2x – 8 > 0:
2x − 8 > 0
2x > 8
x > 4.
The domain of f(x) is all real numbers greater than 4, or (4, ∞). The function g(x) is only defined when
3x + 6 ≥ 0 :
3x + 6 ≥ 0
3 x ≥ −6
x ≥ −2.
The domain of g(x) is all real numbers greater than or equal to –2, or [−2, ∞). The intersection of the domain
of f(x) and the domain of g(x) is (4, ∞).
67. The correct answer is A. Use the double angle formula cos(2θ) = 2sin(θ) cos(θ) :
cos(2θ) = 2sin(θ) cos(θ)

3
cos(2θ) =
4
3
cos −1 (cos(2θ)) = cos −1 ( )
4
2θ = 41.4°
θ ≈ 21°.
68. The correct answer is B. Use the formula for the volume to solve for h, the height, in terms of r:
V = π(r )2 h
30 = π(r )2 h
30
h= .
π( r ) 2
Plug this value into the formula for the surface area:

ANSWER KEY
S = 2π(r )2 + 2π(r )(h)

30
= 2π(r )2 + 2π(r )( )
π(r )2
60
= 2π(r )2 + .
r
69. The correct answer is A. The algebraic combination [f x g](x) is defined as f(x) × g(x). According to the
graph, f(2) = 1 and g(2) = –2. Multiply the two values to find the product:
[ f × g ](2) = f (2) × g (2)

= (1) × (−2)
= −2.
70. The correct answer is B. The range of a function includes all of the possible values for y. By using a
graphing calculator to graph the function, the range can be determined by looking at which values along the
y-axis have a corresponding value along the x-axis that lies on the graph. Since the parabola starts at y = 0 and
continues to increase indefinitely, the range is all real numbers greater than or equal to 0.
71. The correct answer is A. Using the Pythagorean theorem, write an equation for x and y:
a 2 + b2 = c 2
(2 x)2 + (3 y ) 2 = (5) 2
4 x 2 + 9 y 2 = 25.
Since the sum of the three sides is 12, 2x + 3y + 5 = 12. Solve this equation for either x or y:
2 x + 3 y + 5 = 12
2x + 3y = 7
2x = 7 − 3y
7 − 3y
x= .
2
Plug this value into the first equation:

ANSWER KEY
7 − 3y 2
4( ) + 9 y 2 = 25
2
(7 − 3 y ) 2 + 9 y 2 = 25
49 − 42 y + 9 y 2 + 9 y 2 = 25
18 y 2 − 42 y + 24 = 0.
Solve using the quadratic formula:
42 ± 1764 − 4(18)(24)
y=
2(18)
42 ± 1764 − 1728
=
36
42 ± 36
=
36
42 ± 6
=
36
4
= ,1.
3
Plug these values into an equation for x:
7 − 3y
x=
2
7 − 3(1)
=
2
=2
4
7 − 3( )
x= 3
2
3
= .
2
Calculate the lengths of the legs of the triangle:

ANSWER KEY
2 x = 2(2)
=4
3
2 x = 2( )
2
=3
3 y = 3(1)
=3
4
3 y = 3( )
3
= 4.
The lengths of the legs of the triangle are 3 and 4.
72. The correct answer is C.
adjacent
Use the trigonometric identity cos(θ) = :
hypotenuse
x
cos(45°) =
10
2 x
=
2 10
2 x = 10 2
x=5 2
≈ 7.
f f ( x)
73. The correct answer is A. The algebraic combination [ ]( x) is defined to be , provided g(x) ≠ 0.
g g ( x)
According to the tables, f(2) = 2 and g(2) = 3. Now divide to find the product:
f f (2)
[ ](2) =
g g (2)
2
= .
3
74. The correct answer is A. Solve the second equation for q in terms of p:

ANSWER KEY
2p + q = 6
2p − 2p + q = 6 − 2p
q = 6 − 2 p.
Plug this value into the first equation:
3 p 2 + 2 pq − 4q 2 = 14
3 p 2 + 2 p(6 − 2 p ) − 4(6 − 2 p) 2 = 14
3 p 2 + 12 p − 4 p 2 − 4(36 − 24 p + 4 p 2 ) = 14
3 p 2 − 4 p 2 − 16 p 2 + 12 p + 96 p − 144 = 14
−17 p 2 + 108 p − 144 = 14
−17 p 2 + 108 p − 158 = 0.
Solve using the quadratic formula:
−108 ± 11664 − 4( −17)(−158)

p=
2(−17)
−108 ± 11664 − 10744
=
−34
−108 ± 920
=
−34
≈ 2.28, 4.07.
Plug these values into an equation for q:
q = 6−2p
= 6 − 2(2.28)
= 1.44
q = 6 − 2(4.07)
= −2.14.
75. The correct answer is C. The standard form for a parabola with a horizontal axis and its vertex at the
point (h, k) is (y – k)2 = c(x – h). This parabola has its vertex at the point (–2, 1), so an equation for the
parabola is (y – 1)2 = c(x + 2).

ANSWER KEY
3f 3 f ( x)
76. The correct answer is C. The algebraic combination [ ]( x) is defined as , provided g(x) ≠ 0.
2g 2 g ( x)
Plug x = 3 into the equation for f(x), then multiply through by 3 to find 3f(3):
f ( x) = 2 x 2 + 6 x − 7
3 f (3) = 3(2(3)) 2 + 6(3) − 7)
= 3(2(9)) + 18 − 7)
= 3(18 + 18 − 7)
= 3(29)
= 87.
Now plug x = 3 into the equation for g(x), then multiply through by 2 to find 2g(3):
g ( x) = 3 x 2 − 4 x + 12
2 g (3) = 2(3(3)) 2 − 4(3) + 12)
= 2(3(9)) − 12 + 12)
= 2(27 − 12 + 12)
= 2(27)
= 54.
Now divide to find the quotient:
3f 3 f ( x)
[ ](3) =
2g 2 g ( x)
87
=
54
29
= .
18
77. The correct answer is B. Solve the inequality as if it were an equation. Remember that when dividing or
multiplying by a negative number, the inequality sign changes direction:
4 − 5 p ≤ 24
4 − 5 p ≤ 24
−5 p ≤ 20
p ≥ −4.

ANSWER KEY
Since the problem involves an absolute value, there is a second inequality to solve:
4 − 5 p ≥ −24
−5 p ≥ −28
28
p≤ .
5
78. The correct answer is D. Let l equal the length of the rectangle, let w equal the width of the rectangle,
and let d equal the length of the diagonal. Since the length is 6 less than 2 times the width, l = 2w – 6. Plug
this value into the formula for the area and solve for w:
A = (l )( w)
36 = (2 w − 6)( w)
36 = 2 w2 − 6w
2( w2 − 3w − 18) = 0
( w + 3)( w − 6) = 0
w = −3,6.
Since a measurement cannot be negative, the width of the rectangle is equal to 6, which means that the length
is equal to 2(6) – 6 = 12 – 6 = 6. Now use the Pythagorean theorem to find the length of the diagonal:
a 2 + b2 = c 2
(6) 2 + (6)2 = d 2
36 + 36 = d 2
72 = d 2
6 2 = d.
79. The correct answer is A. The composition function [ f g ]( x) is defined as f(g(x)). According to the
table, g (2) = 4. Now look on the table for f(x) to find f(4), which is equal to –2. Thus:
[ f g ](2) = f ( g (2))
= f (4)
= −2.

ANSWER KEY
80. The correct answer is C. First determine the domain of the function. In order for 3 x − 9 to be a real
number, 3x − 9 ≥ 0. Find the values of x that satisfy this inequality:
3x − 9 ≥ 0
3x − 9 + 9 ≥ 0 + 9
3x ≥ 9
x ≥ 3.
The domain of the function is [3, ∞ ). When x = 3, y = 0. As x increases, the values of y also increase
indefinitely. The range of the function is [0, ∞ ).
81. The correct answer is D. Draw a diagram to illustrate the situation:
opposite
adjacent
6
tan(θ) =
8
3
tan −1 (tan(θ)) = tan −1 ( )
4
θ = 36.87°.
82. The correct answer is A. Multiply the first equation through by –3:
2 x + 4 y = 20
−3(2 x + 4 y = 20)
−6 x − 12 y = −60.
Multiply the second equation through by 2:

ANSWER KEY
3 x − 5 y = 26
2(3 x − 5 y = 26)
6 x − 10 y = 52.
Add the two resulting equations together, canceling out the x terms. Then solve for y:
−6 x − 12 y = −60
+6 x − 10 y = 52
−22 y = −8
8
y=
22
4
= .
11
Plug this value into either of the original equations and solve for x:
2 x + 4 y = 20
4
2 x + 4( ) = 20
11
16 220
2x + =
11 11
204
2x =
11
102
x= .
11
83. The correct answer is D. The graph of an even function has symmetry about the y-axis. The only choice
that shares the property is choice D.
84. The correct answer is A. Draw a diagram of the situation:

ANSWER KEY
opposite
adjacent
AB
tan(45°) =
AC
AB
1=
x
AB = x
BE
tan(30°) =
ED
1 BE
=
3 x
x
BE = .
3
Notice that CD = AB – BE:
x
CD = x −
3
1
20 = x(1 − )
3
20
x= .
1
1−
3
85. The correct answer is A. The standard form of the equation for an ellipse centered at the point (h, k) is
( x − h)2 ( y − k )2
+ = 1. This ellipse is centered at (–3, 3). The horizontal distance from the edge of the ellipse
a2 b2

ANSWER KEY
to the center, which in this case is the major axis, is 5. The vertical distance from the edge of the ellipse to the
( x − 3) 2 ( y − 3)2
center, which is the minor axis, is 3. An equation for this ellipse is + = 1.
25 9
86. The correct answer is C. Determine whether or not the function f(x) = 4x – x3 satisfies the property f(–x)
= –f(x):
f (− x) = 4(− x) − (− x)3
= −4 x + x3
= −(4 x − x3 )
= − f ( x).
Any function that satisfies the property is an odd function.
87. The correct answer is A. Set the two equations equal to each other, cross multiply, then solve the
resulting linear equation for x:
3x − 2 6 x − 1
=
3 5
5(3 x − 2) = 3(6 x − 1)
15 x − 10 = 18 x − 3
−10 = 3 x − 3
−7 = 3 x
7
− = x.
3
88. The correct answer is A. Use the Pythagorean theorem to find the height of the triangle. Remember to
x
use as the length of the leg:
2
a 2 + b2 = c 2
x
( )2 + h 2 = ( x)2
2
x2 4 x2
+ h2 =
4 4
3x 2
h2 =
4
x 3
h= .
2

ANSWER KEY
Use this value to find the area of the triangle:
1
A = bh
2
1 x 3
= ( x)( )
2 2
x2 3
= .
4
Use the value of the perimeter to find an expression for the width of the rectangle in terms of x. Notice that
the value given for the perimeter is for the entire figure, not just the rectangle portion:
P = 3x + 2 y
30 = 3 x + 2 y
30 − 3 x = 2 y
3x
15 − = y.
2
Use this value to calculate the area of the rectangle:
A = ( x)( y )
3x
= ( x)(15 − )
2
3x 2
= 15 x − .
2
Add the two areas together to find the area of the total figure:
x2 3 3x 2
A= + 15 x − .
4 2
89. The correct answer is B. The x-intercept can be calculated by plugging in 0 for y and solving the
resulting equation for x. Like many quadratic equations, this can be done either by factoring or using the
quadratic formula. Both methods will be shown:
Factoring:

ANSWER KEY
y = x 2 − 3x − 4
0 = x 2 − 3x − 4
= ( x + 1)( x − 4)
x + 1 = 0 and x − 4 = 0
x = −1, x = 4.
Quadratic Equation:
y = ax 2 + bx + c
0 = x2 − 3x − 4
−b ± b 2 − 4ac
x=
2a
3 ± (−3)2 − 4(1)(−4)
=
2(1)
3 ± 9 + 16
=
2
3−5 3+5
x= and x =
2 2
x = −1, x = 4.
90. The correct answer is B. Use a calculator to find a decimal approximation for cos(20°) rounded to the
nearest thousandth, which is 0.940. Plug this value into the equation and solve for s:
16 s cos 20° = 5s + 2
16 s (0.940) = 5s + 2
15.040 s = 5s + 2
10.040 s = 2
s = 0.199.
91. The correct answer is A. Choice B can be eliminated because it does not contain the point (0, –1).
Choices C and D can be eliminated because they do not contain the point (–1, 0). Choice A is the only answer
choice that contains all of the listed points.
92. The correct answer is A. Draw a diagram to illustrate the situation:

ANSWER KEY
opposite
adjacent
50
tan(30°) =
x
1 50
=
3 x
x = 50 3
≈ 86.6.
93. The correct answer is A. Factor the expression:
x 2 − 9 x + 20 = ( x )(x )
= (x 5)(x 4)
= ( x − 5)( x − 4).
94. The correct answer is D.
Choose any two points and use the slope formula to calculate the slope:
y2 − y1
slope =
x2 − x1
19 − ( −6)
=
5−0
25
=
5
= 5.
The slope of the line is 5.

ANSWER KEY
95. The correct answer is A. The standard form of the equation for a hyperbola centered at the point (h, k)
( y − k )2 ( x − h)2
and with a vertical axis is − = 1. The hyperbola shown is centered at the point (–4, 5), so an
a2 b2
( y − 5) 2 ( x + 4)2
equation for the hyperbola is − = 1.
a2 b2
96. The correct answer is A. Since the function is linear, choose any two points and use the slope formula to
calculate the slope:
y2 − y1
slope =
x2 − x1
33 − (−9)
=
5 − (−2)
42
=
7
= 6.
Now choose any point and write an equation for the line using “point-slope” form:
y − (−9) = 6( x − (−2))
y + 9 = 6( x + 2)
y + 9 = 6 x + 12
y = 6 x + 3.
97. The correct answer is B. Using the Distributive Property, expand the expressions. Then factor the
resulting expression to find a simplified expression:
3x(2 x + 4 xy + 4 y ) = 6 x 2 + 12 x 2 y + 12 xy
2 y (2 x + 6 xy ) = 4 xy + 12 xy 2
6 x 2 + 12 x 2 y + 12 xy + 4 xy + 12 xy 2 = 6 x 2 + 12 x 2 y + 12 xy 2 + 16 xy
= 2 x(3 x + 6 xy + 6 y 2 + 8 y ).
98. The correct answer is B. The result after decreasing by 25% is equal to 0.75x. Decreasing this number
by 10% is equivalent to multiplying 0.75x by 1.1, which is equal to 0.825x.
99. The correct answer is D. The function will have a vertical asymptote where the function is undefined. In
this case, when the denominator is equal to 0:

ANSWER KEY
6 x 2 + 10 x − 24 = 0
−10 ± (10)2 − 4(6)(−24)
x=
2(6)
−10 ± 100 − (−576)
=
12
−10 ± 26
=
12
4
= , −3.
3
4
The graph will have vertical asymptotes at x = and x = −3.
3
100. The correct answer is B. The area of a rectangle is calculated by using the formula A = l × w and the
perimeter of a rectangle is calculated by using the formula P = 2l + 2w, or P = 2(l + w) or The system of
 2( + w) = 20
equations given by  can be solved by substituting either l = 10 – w or w = 10 – l into the
 × w = 16
second equation:
(10 − w) w = 16
10 w − w2 = 16
w2 − 10 w + 16 = 0.
The resulting quadratic equation can be solved by either factoring or using the quadratic formula:
Factoring:
w2 − 10 w + 16 = 0
( w − 8)( w − 2) = 0
w − 8 = 0 and w − 2 = 0
w = 8, = 2 or w = 2, = 8.
Quadratic Formula:

ANSWER KEY
0 = ax 2 − bx + c
0 = w2 − 10w + 16
−b ± b 2 − 4ac
w=
2a
10 ± (−10)2 − 4(1)(16)
=
2(1)
10 ± 36
=
2
w = 8, = 2 or w = 2, = 8.
The box is 2 inches by 8 inches.

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3. Which of the following is true about the graph shown below?

(I) The range is { y : y ≥ 1}.

7. What is the value of sin(75°)?

9. Which of the following is true about the table below?

(A) 10x2 – 22x – 24

(A) –2 < S < 6

13. What is the domain of the function g ( x) = 2 x + 4 ?

(A) All real numbers greater than –2

14. Find the exact value for x if 42x – 16 = 4.

(A) (−∞, 2) ∪ (2, ∞)

17. What is the value of sin(150°)?

21. If 5x + 4y = 16 and 6x – 3y = 9, what is the value of 2x + 1?

22. What is the value of sin(120°)?

23. If h(x) = 4log(2x – 9), find h(5).

(A) The graph is a parabola with the vertex at (0, 0).

27. What is the value of cos(150°)?

29. Which of the following equations has a y-intercept of 1?

33. Find y if 5ytan(30°) = 10.

(A) (x + 6)2 = c(y – 8)

37. Let g(x) = x2 + 3x – 6 and let h(x) = 2x2 + 5x – 8. What is g(h(x))?

(A) 2x4 + 12x3 – x2 – 57x + 34

(A) The graph has a y-intercept of 3.

41. Find x if −6 x + 4 = 20.

(A) The domain of the function is all real numbers.

44. What are the possible values for x if x2 + 5x – 6 = 0?

(A) (3, –1)

(A) M = 800 + 0.15x

Section 2: For each question below, choose the best answer

52. Which of the following is symmetric with respect to the origin?

59. Find all solutions to the equation below:

(A) –3.34, –2.67

(A) [−3, 2) ∪ (2,3]

62. According to the diagram below, what is the approximate value of θ ?

63. Find and approximate value for x if 34x – 14 = 7.

64. What is the range of the function y = cos(x)?

(A) All real numbers

(A) (y + 2)2 = c(x – 1)

77. Find a range of values for p if 4 − 5 p ≤ 24.

80. Find the range of y = 3x − 9.

83. Which of the following graphs show an even function?

(A) It is an even function.

89. Find the x-intercept(s) of the graph of y = x2 – 3x – 4.

90. Rounded to the nearest thousandth, what is the value of s if 16scos(20°) = 5s + 2?

(A) 86.6 feet

93. Which of the following is equivalent to x2 – 9x + 20?

(A) f(x) = 0.15x

(A) 1 inch by 16 inches

[ f + g ](−1) = f (−1) + g (−1)

[ g − f ](2) = g (2) − f (2)

ANSWER KEY - Page 36

Recovered Master File (8/5/11.1:52:28.PM PDT)

sin(α + β) = sin(α) cos(β) + cos(α)sin(β)

ANSWER KEY - Page 37

Recovered Master File (8/5/11.1:52:28.PM PDT)

Area = ( S )( S ) + (2)(2 S ) + (3)(4) < 24

( S − 2) > 0 and ( S + 6) < 0

ANSWER KEY - Page 38

Recovered Master File (8/5/11.1:52:28.PM PDT)

The domain is all real numbers greater than or equal to –2.

ANSWER KEY - Page 39

Recovered Master File (8/5/11.1:52:28.PM PDT)

sin(α + β) = sin(α) cos(β) + cos(α)sin(β)