Fluid allocation:

Shell side=mixed stream

Tube side=chilled propane

Hot fluid
Temp in=283.1028k=49.9F

Temp out=?=233k=-40.2F

Cold fluid
Temp in=220k=-63.6F

Temp out=231k=-43.8F

Heat balannce:
For chilled propane:

Cp=64.729

Molar flow rate=180kgmol/hr=396.8lbmol/hr

Flow rate=180*44.1=7938kg/hr=17500lb/hr

Latent heat of vapourization=17944kj/kgmol=407.81kj/kg

Q=mcpdelta T=3530785.86kj/hr=980.77kw=3346539.28BTU/hr

For feed stream:

Molar flow rate=1829kgmol/hr=4032.2 lbmol/hr

Flow rate=1829*22=40238kg/hr=88709.6k=lb/hr

Cp=38kj/kgmol.k

Q=mcpdelta T

3530785.86=1829*38*(283-T)

T=233

Q=3475100kj/hr=327091.68BTU/hr

Total heat load=3346539.28 +327091.68=3673630.96BTU/hr

LMTD calculations:
Δ T1=T1-t2=49.9+43.8=93.7F

ΔT2=T2-t1==-40.2+63.6=23.4F

ΔT 1−ΔT 2 93.7−23.4
LMTD= ln
ΔT 1 =
ln
93.7 =50.6F
ΔT 2 23.4

T 1−t 2 49.73+ 43.87

R= T 2−t 1 = −40.27+ 63.67 =4
t 2−t 1 −43.87+ 63.67
S= T 1−t 1 = −40.27+ 63.67 =0.174
Ft = 0.86

Δ Tm = Ft x Δ Tl m

= 0.86 x(50.6)

= 43.5F

STEP 2

Assumed Overall Coefficient:

U = 50 Btu /hr ft2 oF

STEP 4

Provisional Area:

As

Q = UAΔ Tm

1 . A = (3673630.96) / (50 x (43.5))

=1689.01ft2
 =156.9m2

STEP 5

Heat Exchanger Specifications:

1 – 2 Pull Through Floating Head Type

Tubes

16BWG

Outside Dia 0D = ¾ inch = 0.75 inch = 0.0625 ft = 0.0208

Inside Dia 1D = 0.620 inch = 0.0516 ft (Table 10 Kern)

Length of Tubes L = 12 ft = 3.65 m

Square pitch = 1 inch = 0.0833 ft

Baffles:

25% cut horizontal segmental baffles

Area of single tube = (0.1623 x 12 x 30.48) / 100 = 0.1809m2

No. of tubes = 156.9 / 0.1809= 867.3

(From nearest count table 9)

No. of Tubes = 867

For 2 pass

Bundle Dia:

Db = do (Nt / K1)1/n1

(From Table 12.4 Coulson)

For Square Pitch:

K1 = 0.156

N1 = 2.291

Db = 0.0208 (867 / 0.156) 1/2.291

= 0.89 m = 2.91 ft

Shell:

(From Fig 12.10)

Shell-bundle clearance:

C = shell inside dia – bundle dia = 0.093 m = 0.31 ft

Shell dia inside = 0.093 + 0.89

(Ds) = 0.983 m = 3.22 ft

Baffle Spacing (B):

B =0.6 x shell dia

= 0.6 x 0.983

= 0.589 m = 1.93 ft

No of Baffles:

No. of Baffles = 3.65 / 0.58 = 6.2 Baffles

STEP 6

Physical Properties:

Average Temp Shell Side = 258k= 4.73F

Average Temp Tube Side =225.5k= -53.77F

API Gravity =

k for mixed stream in feed stream = 7.131* 10-2 W/mk=0.0412 BTU/hr.F.ft

k for mixed stream in leaving stream =6.320* 10-2 W/mk =0.057BTU/hr.F.ft

k for propane in feed stream = 0.1400 W/mk=0.08 BTU/hr.F.ft

k for propane in leaving stream = 0.1337 W/mk =0.086 BTU/hr.F.ft

Heat capacity of propane in feed stream =1.356 kj/kg.C=0.323 BTU/lb.F

Heat capacity of propane in leaving stream = 1.405 kj/kg.C=0.335 BTU/lb.F

Heat capacity of mixed stream in feed stream = 2.915kj/kg.C=0.696BTU/lb.F

Heat capacity of mixed stream in leaving stream = 2.727 kj/kg.C=0.651 BTU/lb.F

 for mixed stream in feed = 1.936*10-2cp

 for mixed stream in product = 2.68*10-2cp

 for propane in feed stream = 0.2251cp

 for propane in leaving stream = 0.4980cp

Mean Properties: (Feed)

(i) Mean Heat Capacity

0.323∗17500+ 0.696∗88709
=
17500+ 88709

=0.63 BTU/lb.F
(iii) Mean Viscosity

0.2251∗17500+0.0196∗88709
=
17500+ 88709

=0.053cp*2.42=0.128 lbft/hr
(iv) Mean Thermal Conductivity

0.08∗17500+ 0.041∗88709
=
17500+ 88709

=0.047 BTU/hrft.F

Mean Properties: (Product Stream)

(i) Mean Heat Capacity

0.335∗17500+ 0.651∗88709
=
17500+ 88709

=0.59 BTU/lb.F
(ii) Mean Viscosity
 0.4980∗17500+ 0.0268∗88709
=
17500+ 88709

=0.104 *2.42=0.251bft/hr
iv) Mean Thermal Conductivity

0.086∗17500+ 0.057∗88709
=
17500+ 88709

=0.062BTU/hrft.F

STEP 7

Over All Heat Transfer Coefficient:

Shell Side Calculations:

1. Flow Area :
ID x C x B

as =

PT

ID = 3.22ft

C = 0.31ft

B = 1.932ft

Pt=0.0833ft

As=23.15ft2
2. Equivalent Dia.

For square pitch:

1.27

De = (Pt2 – 0.785 do2 )

do

do = tube outside dia = 0.625 ft.

Pt = 0.083 ft

De = 0.078 ft

3. Mass Velocity

Gs = Ws / as

= 88709 / 0.72

= 123206.9lb/hr ft2

4. Reynolds No

Re.s = De Gs / 

0.078 x 123206.9

0.128

=75079.20

5. jH Factor

jH = 115
6. Prandtl No

Pr = (c / k) 1/3

= (0.63*0.128 /0.047 ) 1/3

=1.19

7. Outside Heat Transfer Coefficient

k
H0= Jh * (c / k) 1/3*( / w)0.14
De
=115*0.047/0.078*1.19*1

=83 Btu/ hr. ft2 oF

Tube Side Calculations:

1. Flow Area:
Nt at

at =

n = 2

Nt = 867

at = 0.3302 in2 (From Table 10)

= 0.0021 ft2

867 x 0.0021

at =

= 0.91 ft2

2. De = ID of tube
 = 0.62 inches

= 0.0516 ft.

3. Mass Velocity

Gt = Wt / at

= 17500/ 0.34

= 51470.58 lb/hr ft2

4. Reynolds No

Re.t = De Gt / 

0.0516 x 51470.58

0.113

= 23503.3

5. jH Factor

jH = 76

6. Prandtl No

Pr = (c / k) 1/3

=(0.59*0.251/0.062 ) 1/3

= 1.336

7. Inside Heat Transfer Coefficient

 k
hi= Jh * (c / k) 1/3*( / w)0.14
De

= 76 x (0.062 / 0.0516) x 1.34

= 122.3 Btu/ hr. ft2 oF

8. Inside to Outside Heat Transfer Coefficient

hio = hi x ID/OD

= 122 x (0.0516 / 0.0625)

= 100.7Btu/ hr. ft2 oF

9. Clean Overall Coefficient:

hio x ho

Uc=

hio + ho

100.7 x 83

100.7+ 83

Uc = 45.49Btu/ hr. ft2 oF

10. Corrected Overall Coefficient:

Ud =

A x ΔTm

A = Nt a ” L

= 867 x 0.1623 x 12
 = 1688 ft2

Corrected Area = 159.m2

3673630.96

Ud =

1688 x 51

Corrected Overall coefficient = 42.67 Btu /hr. ft2 0F

11. Dirt Overall Coefficient:

1 1

Rd =

Ud Uc

Ud = 43 Btu /hr. ft2 0F

RD=0.00151hr.ft2.F/BTU

STEP 8

Pressure Drop:

Shell Side Pressure Drop: (Δ Ps)

For single phase flow:

f Gs 2 Ds (N + 1)

Δ Ps =

5.22 x 1010 De S s

Re.s = 75079.20

f = from fig (29)

 = 0.0017

Ds = 0.987m

=3.22ft

N+1 = 10

De = 0.078 ft.

S=density of mixed stream/density of propane#

Density of mixed stream=P(MW)/1545Tabs

=(870.226*144)(22)/1545(460+49.73)

3
=3.50lb/ft

Density of propane from literature=31.15lb/ft3

s=3.50/31.15=0.112

Gs = 123206.9 lb / hr ft2

0.0018 x (123206.9) 2 x 3.22 x 10

Δ Ps = = 1.929Psi

5.22 x 1010 x 0.112 x 0.078

Tube Side Pressure Drop: (Δ Pt)

For single phase flow:

 f Gt 2 Ds Ln

Δ Pt =

5.22 x 1010 De s t

Re.t = 23503.3

f = from fig (26)

= 0.00024

L = 12 ft.

n = 2

De = 0.0516 ft.

s = 0.112

Gt = 51470.58 lb/hr ft2

0.00024 x 51470.582 x 3.22 x 2

Δ Pt =

5.22 x 1010 x 0.0516 x 0.112

= 0.0495Psi

4n v2

Δ Pr =

s 2g

From Fig (27)

 V2 = 0.06*62.5/144

2g

=0.0260

4 x 2 x0.0260

Δ Pr =

0.112

= 1.85 psi

Δ PT = Δ Pt + Δ Pr

Δ PT = 0.047 + 1.85

= 1.904 psi