Objectives : Experimental Procedures :

 To perform the characteristic study  The general start-up procedures were

on 4 different types of membranes perform
silicon in terms of separation process  The experiment was started for
 To plot the graph of permeate weight Membrane 1. Valves V2, V5, V7,
versus time V11 and V15 were opened
 The plunger pump (P1) switched on
and valve V5 was slowly closed.
Procedure : Pressure value was observed at
pressure gange and the pressure
General Start-up Procedures :
regulator was adjusted to 18kPa
 All valves were ensured to be  Valve V5 was opened. Then the
initially closed membrane maximum inlet pressure
 All sodium chloride solution was was sat to 18kPa for membrane 1 by
prepared by adding 100 gr of sodium adjusting the retentate control valve
chloride into 20L of water (V15)
 The feed tank was filled up with salt  The system was allowed to run for 5
solution minutes. Valve V19 were opened
 The feed shall always be maintained and valve V11 were closed
at room temperature simultaneously before the first
 The power for the control panel was sample from permeate sampling port
turned on were collected. The sample is then
 The thermostat was switched on weighed using digital weighing
 The thermo oil level was ensured to balance
be above the coil inside thermostat  The weight of permeates were
 The thermostat connections were recorded and tabulated for 10
checked to be properly fitted minutes with 1-minute interval. Step
1 to 6 were repeated for Membrane
2, 3 and 4. Sets of valves were
 opened and closed according to their
respective sets

General Shut-down Procedures :

 The plunger pump was switched off
 Valve V2 was closed
 All liquid in the feed tank and
product tank were drained by
opening valves V3 and V4
 All the piping was flushed with clean
water. Then, valve V3 and V4 were
closed
 Clean water was filled up to feed
tank until 90% full
 The system was ran with the clean
water until the feed tank was nearly
empty for cleaning purpose.