PONTIFICAL AND ROYAL

UNIVERSITY OF SANTO TOMAS

THE CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
1st Term, AY 2018-2019

Performance Task in Physics

Submitted by:

Dionela, Joshua Clement

Doromal, Alfons Gerard M.

Dungao, Francesca Gwen S.

Galvez, Sean Andrei R.

Gaspar, Frances Stefani A.

Hernandez, Grace R.

Submitted to:

Sir Remigio Rambongga

November 28, 2018

GOAL: You are tasked to design a crane (pulley system) to lift a heavy load to the fourth floor of a
building under construction.

ROLE: Mechanical engineer

AUDIENCE: Contactor, Owner of the building, Project engineer

SITUATION: A company wants you to construct a 4-storeys building and your construction firm won the
bidding. You are tasked to design a crane in order to assist in the construction of said bidding.

PRODUCT: Design / Drawing with calculations.

INTRODUCTION
Cranes have been part of the construction landscape since its invention in ancient Greece. It can
lift and lower heavy loads that are beyond the capabilities of construction workers, it has cables and
pulleys and based upon the utilization of mechanical principles. We proposed a crane design that is
more modern that would help systematize to achieve lifting tasks with the project. This will be used in
supporting for the construction of the company’s specific design of the building. Other information
about the crane will be provided further in this proposal.

Using the Height Calculator of Councils on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat (CTBUH) a building
with unknown function of the building and the number of storeys are known, it is concluded that a 4-
storeys building has height of 16.625m.

Number of stories known (s) = 4 m

Assumed floor-to-floor height = 3.5 m

Factor for increased ground level floor-to-floor height = 2.625 m

Factor for increased mechanical levels floor-to-floor height = 0

Since this is a low-rise building, therefore mechanical levels are not needed.

Solution:

Height = 3.5s + 2.625 + 0

= 3.5(4) +2.625

= 16.625 m

However, according to the National Building Code of the Philippines, low rise building (1–5-
storey) has a maximum height limit of 16m. Let’s assume that the height of a 4-storey in the Philippines
is 16 m.
 Measurement Measurement

Building Height 16.0 m Maximum Capacity 1000 kg

Maximum Jib
Building Width 10.0 m 20.0 m
Elevation

Jib Length (Pulley A to Tower Crane Height

10.0 m 20.0 m
Pulley B) (Base to Jib)
Counter Jib Length Jib to Tower head
5.0 m 3.0 m
(Pulley B to Pulley C) Height

Total Jib Length (Pulley

15.0 m Total Crane Height 23.0 m
A to Pulley C)
Pulley A θ 20° Pulley C θ 45°

COMPUTATIONS

TPULLEY
1 A

∑ F T = m1g cos Ɵ

T1 – m1g = m1g cos Ɵ

T1 = m1g cos Ɵ + m1g

M1 = 1000 kg
T1 = (1000)(9.8) cos20° + (1000)(9.8)

T1 = 19008.99 N

Therefore, T2 > 19008.99 N to provide lift to the load.

PULLEY C

Ft= T2 m2g cos Ɵ

T2 – m2g = m2g cos Ɵ

T2 = m2g cos Ɵ + m2g

19008.99 = m2(9.8) cos 45°+ m2 (9.8)

19008.99 = m2 (9.8cos 45° + 9.8)

 19008.99
m2 =
(9.8 cos 45 °+ 9.8)

m2 = 1136.25 kg

COMPUTATIONS

 Solve for the work.

Formula: W = Fd

Where: F = Force

d = Distance

Solution: W = ((1000)(9.8)) 16.0

W = 156800 J

 Solve for the power.

w
Formula: P =
t

Where: w = work

t = time

Solution: ( Assuming that the time is 25 seconds, based from a realistic

scenario of a crane lifting a concrete beam)

156800
P=
25

P = 6272 W

CONCLUSION
A crane is a type of a machine that is used in lifting and moving materials horizontally
and vertically. It is mainly used for lifting heavy things and transporting them to other places.
This device uses simple machine, pulley, to create mechanical advantages and thus moves load
beyond the normal capability of human. In building a tower crane that has a maximum capacity
of 1000 kg, the counterweight should be greater than 1136.25 kg.