HYGIENE • Gingivitis

Hygienic Care • Periodontal disease

• Involves care of:
• Reddened or excoriated mucosa
 Skin
 Hair • Excessive dryness of the buccal mucosa
 Nails • Cheilosis (cracked lips)
 Teeth • Dental caries
 Oral and nasal cavities • Sordes (accumulation of foul matter on teeth
 Eyes
& lips)
 Ears
 Perineal-genital area • Stomatitis
Types of Hygienic Care • Parotitis
• Early morning - offer urinal/bedpan, wash face
& hands, & give oral care. Abnormal Findings of the Hair
• Dandruff
• Morning – after breakfast, bedpan/urinal,
• Hair loss
bath/shower, perineal care, back massage &
• Ticks
oral, nail & hair care.
• Pediculosis
• Hours of sleep (HS) or PM - bedpan/urinal, • Scabies
washing hands & face, oral are, & backrub. • Hirsutism
• As needed (prn)- care as needed Abnormal Findings of the Eyes
Factors Influencing Personal Hygiene • Loss of hair, scaling, flaky eyebrows
• Culture - some bath daily, some weekly. Body • Redness, swelling, flaking, crusting, discharge,
odor accepted in some cultures, privacy vs asymmetrical closing, ptosis of eyelids
communal • Jaundiced sclera
• Religion - ceremonial washings • Unequal pupils
• Pupils fail to dilate or constrict
• Environment - financial limitations
• Inability to see
• Developmental level - children learn at their Abnormal Findings of the Ears
ability • Asymmetrical, excessively red or tender
• Health and energy - illness, motivation auricles
• Personal preference - shower vs bath, AM vs • Lesions, flaky, scaly skin over auricles
PM • Normal voice tones not heard
Bed Making Abnormal Findings of the Nose
• Provide smooth, wrinkle-free bed foundation • Asymmetrical
• Place the bedside table/overbed table within • Discharge
reach • Localized redness, tenderness or lesions
• Leave the bed in the high position if returning Nursing Process: Assessment
by stretcher • Nursing history to determine:
• Leave in the low position if returning to bed – Self care practices
after being up – Self-care abilities
• When turning the client to the side while – Past or current problems
making an occupied bed, raise the side rail – Identification of clients at risk for
nearest the client developing impairment
• To ensure continued safety of the client after • Physical assessment
making an occupied bed: Nursing Process: Nursing Diagnoses
o Raise the side rails • Deficient knowledge
o Place the bed in the low position • Situational low self-esteem
o Put items used by the client within easy • Risk for impaired skin integrity
reach
• Impaired skin integrity
o Attach the signal cord
Abnormal Findings of the Skin • Self-care deficit
• Abrasion • Risk for infection
• Excessive dryness • Impaired oral mucous membrane
• Ammonia dermatitis • Disturbed body image
• Acne • Risk for injury
Nursing Process: Planning
• Erythema
• Nurse and, if appropriate, the client and/or
• Hirsutism family set goals/desired outcomes
Abnormal Findings of the Feet • Nurse identifies interventions to assist the
• Excessive dryness client to achieve the designated outcomes
• Areas of inflammation or swelling Nursing Process: Intervention
• Fissures • Assisting dependent clients with hygiene
• Scaling and cracking of skin activities
• Plantar warts • Educating clients and/or family about
• Swelling and pitting edema appropriate hygienic practices
• Weak or absent pulses • Demonstrating use of assistive equipment and
• Cool skin temperature in one or both feet adaptive activities
Abnormal Findings of the Nails • Assessing and monitoring physical and
• Spoon nails psychological responses
• Excessive thickness or clubbing Purposes of Bathing
• Grooves or furrows • Remove transient microorganisms, body
• Beau’s lines secretions and excretions, and dead skin cells
• Discolored or detached • Stimulate circulation
• Bluish or purplish tint or pallor • Produce a sense of well-being
• Hangnails or paronychia • Promote relaxation and comfort
• Delayed capillary refilling time • Prevent or eliminate unpleasant body odors
Abnormal Findings of the Mouth Categories of Baths
• Halitosis • Cleansing baths
• Glossitis • Therapeutic baths
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Types of Baths
• Complete bed
• Self-help
• Partial
• Bag
• Tub
• Sponge
• Shower
Hospitalized Client
• Early morning care
 Urinal or bedpan
 Washing face and hands
 Oral care
• Morning care
– Usually after breakfast
– Elimination
– Bath or shower
– Perineal care
– Back massage
– Oral, nail, and hair care
• Hour of sleep (HS) or P.M.
 Elimination
 Washing face and hands
 Oral care
 Back massage
• As needed (prn)
• As required by client need
 More frequent bathing
 Changes of clothes