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VENTILATION
Natural and Mechanical Systems
Four (4) possible combinations of natural and mechanical ventilations are as
follows;
• Natural inlet and outlet (Fully Natural supply + Exhaust)
utilizing open able windows, air bricks, louvers, door-way and
chimneys. Provide up to about three air changes per hour but
depend upon prevailing wind direction and strength, the stack effect
of rising warm air currents, and adventitious opening around doors
and windows.
• Natural inlet, mechanical outlet; (Natural Supply + Mechanical Exhaust)
Mechanical extract fans in windows or roofs and ducted systems
where the air is to be discharged away from the occupied space
owing to its contamination with heat, fumes, smoke, water vapor and
odour. A slight reduction in air static pressure is caused within the
building, and external airs flows inwards. This system can be used in
dwellings, offices, factories or public buildings.
• Mechanical inlet, natural outlet; (Mechanical Supply + Natural Exhaust)
Air is blown into the building through a fan convector or ducted
system to pressurize the internal atmosphere slightly with a heated
air supply. The air leaks out of the building through adventitious
openings and permanent air bricks or louvers.
• Mechanical inlet and outlet; (Fully Mechanical Supply + Exhaust)
When natural ventilation openings unable to cope with large air flow
rates without disturbing the architecture or causing uncontrollable
draughts. Full mechanical control of air conditioning and ventilation
system are in used.
• Indoor/outdoor exchange of air to replenish
oxygen and to remove pollutants generated by
breathing, indoor activities and emissions from
Introduction building materials and furnishings.
A supply system slightly pressurizes the house by drawing outdoor air into the
house. This pressurization pushes indoor air out through small openings in the
building, which helps to prevent outside moisture and pollutants from getting in
through these passages. Positive indoor pressure also protects against back
drafting.
(b) Supply System
In a supply system, a fan pulls
outside air into the house,
creating positive pressure.
FRESH-UP operation: Both the excessive supply mode and the excessive
exhaust mode are selectable. This function allows for a more comfortable
air environment whether the occupied space is required to be pressurized
or de-pressurized.
(c) Balance System
A balanced central system uses two fans
(supply and exhaust fans working in
cooperation) and creates a neutral, or
balanced pressure.
Balanced ventilation
systems can provide
many benefits
including:
Improved indoor
air quality
Improved comfort
Improved health
Lower utility bills
Improved resale
position
Balance System (benefits)
Improved indoor air Balanced ventilation systems supply fresh air to the living
quality. and sleeping areas of homes while exhausting stale air at an
equal rate from the bathrooms. This proactive approach to
ventilation can result in improved indoor air quality.
Improved comfort. ENERGY STAR labeled homes with tight construction and
balanced ventilation systems can have fewer drafts and a
constant supply of outdoor air resulting in improved comfort.
Improved health. Stale air can cause health problems. It can be responsible
for symptoms such as headaches, drowsiness, and
respiratory problems. These symptoms are more common in
homes with poor ventilation and moisture control.
Continuously providing fresh air can result in the improved
health and well being of the occupants.
• Fan / Blower
• Extractor
• Air Conditioning
Equipment for Mechanical System
The vane-axial type has a propeller and vanes, and is best for static pressures under 4.0-4.5 inches of water
Advantages of good ventilation
1.0 REDUCTION IN HUMIDITY LEVELS
-Dust-mite levels decrease
-Mould disappears
-Fungus disappears
Answer:
The quantity of air extracted from the theatre Qe = (3.63 – 0.36) m3/s
= 3.27 m3/s
Quantity of fresh air Qf = (8 x 110)/1000 m3/s
= 0.88 m3/s
The quantity of recirculated air is Qr = Q - Qf
= 3.63 m3/s - 0.88 m3/s
= 2.75 m3/s
Quantity of exaust air Qex = Qe – Qr
= 3.27 m3/s - 2.75 m3/s
= 0.52 m3/s
1. Why proper ventilation is required inside
a building?