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Lightweight Cryptography:
Cryptography is the combination process of encryption and decryption. That is,
Cryptography is a process in which an ordinary plain text information is
converted into unintelligible text or cypher text and then back to the plain
text. Lightweight Cryptography is almost the same thing but with a
consideration of lightweight and security. Lightweight Cryptography helps to
reach high levels of security using only a small computing power. The definition
for Lightweight Cryptography on Internet is - Lightweight cryptography is a
cryptographic algorithm or protocol tailored for implementation in constrained
environments including RFID tags, sensors, contactless smart cards, health-care
devices and so on.
The goal of lightweight cryptography is to enable a diverse range of modern
applications. The modern applications like the smart meters, vehicle security
systems, wireless patient monitoring systems, Intelligent Transport Systems
(ITS) and the Internet of Things. The Lightweight Cryptography helps a very
wide variety of devices. It can be implemented on a wide range of hardware and
software. It's communication can be wired or wireless. Wireless devices are
powered either by electromagnetic induction or by a battery. The battery can be
disposable or rechargeable. For some applications, the energy or power
consumption is important. But for other applications a low latency is more
important. The limiting factor can be that hardware area or software code size is
small or that only a small amount of RAM is available.
The Lightweight cryptography works with the help of various features. They can
be the block ciphers, stream ciphers, hash functions and so on. Lightweight
cryptography contributes to the security of various smart objects networks
because of its efficiency and smaller footprint. The lightweight primitives should
be be implemented in the networks.
The lightweight cryptography will be standardized so that the public can access
all the benefits of lightweight cryptography. The lightweight cryptography has
been already a hot topic of discussion. It has already appeared for the first round
of standardization.
Pros:
3) It is inexpensive
Cons:
mCrypton: It is a light weighted block cipher meant for the security of the Low
cost RFID tags as well as sensors.